{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T13:42:13Z","timestamp":1777124533673,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763856000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":36,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-29490-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]],"date-time":"2025-11-23T02:35:05Z","timestamp":1763865305000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Navigating the new normal: understanding the impact of COVID-19 on e-learning readiness among nursing students in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Fatchima Laouali","family":"Moussa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahaman Laouali","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Kerari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tagwa","family":"Omer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thamer Abdullah","family":"Alsufayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Musaad Bedah","family":"Alsahly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aboubacar Laouali","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hussain Ahmed","family":"Sufyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Najla Burayk","family":"Alharbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huda Saeed","family":"Binzager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bander Hammad","family":"Alblowi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fayez Bakhat","family":"Alawfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally Hammad","family":"Alblowi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zaheen Ahmed","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"29490_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4183","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18084183","volume":"18","author":"S Anwer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Anwer, S., Althaqafi, A., Aljohani, M. & Alghamdi, A. Cross-country comparison of prevalence, mortality, and fatality rates of COVID-19 infection during the first 12 months of the pandemic: Analysis of severely affected countries. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 18(8), 4183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18084183 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"29490_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3933","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17113933","volume":"17","author":"HY Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, H. Y., Cao, H., Leung, D. Y. P. & Mak, Y. W. The psychological impacts of a COVID-19 outbreak on college students in China: A longitudinal study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 17(11), 3933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17113933 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"29490_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1080\/03004279.2021.1952771","volume":"3\u201313","author":"H Ullah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ullah, H. & Ali, J. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the schooling of public and private school students in Pakistan. Education 3\u201313(8), 1085\u20131094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/03004279.2021.1952771 (2022).","journal-title":"Education"},{"key":"29490_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112934","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112934","volume":"287","author":"W Cao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cao, W. et al. The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Res. 287, 112934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112934 (2020).","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"29490_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.3390\/jrfm13030055","volume":"13","author":"W Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Yang, L. & Wang, C. Suspending classes without stopping learning: china\u2019s education emergency management policy in the COVID-19 outbreak. J. Risk Financ. Manage. 13(3), 55. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jrfm13030055 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Risk Financ. Manage."},{"key":"29490_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.system.2020.102431","volume":"97","author":"KM Moser","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moser, K. M., Wei, T. & Brenner, D. Remote teaching during COVID-19: Implications from a national survey of language educators. System 97, 102431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.system.2020.102431 (2021).","journal-title":"System"},{"key":"29490_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijedudev.2021.102485","volume":"87","author":"N Reuge","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reuge, N., Jenkins, R., Brossard, M. & Soejatminah, S. Education response to the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from unicef\u2019s global review. Int. J. Educ. Dev. 87, 102485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijedudev.2021.102485 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Educ. Dev."},{"issue":"12","key":"29490_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e30389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30389","volume":"10","author":"I Bou-Hamad","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bou-Hamad, I. & El Danaoui, M. Exploring the effects of e-learning readiness and psychological distress on graduate students\u2019 e-learning satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic: A descriptive study from Lebanon. Heliyon 10(12), e30389. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e30389 (2024).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"2","key":"29490_CR9","first-page":"308","volume":"1","author":"A Shadiyev","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shadiyev, A. Education management in private universities in uzbekistan: development strategies, challenges and prospects. Int. J. Artif. Intell. 1(2), 308\u2013313 (2025).","journal-title":"Int. J. Artif. Intell."},{"issue":"11","key":"29490_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4119","DOI":"10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20195054","volume":"7","author":"M Hiwarkar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hiwarkar, M. & Taywade, O. Assessment of knowledge, attitude and skills towards e-learning in first year medical students. Int. J. Res. Med. Sci. 7(11), 4119\u20134123. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18203\/2320-6012.ijrms20195054 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"29490_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.22502\/jlmc.v9i1.414","volume":"9","author":"S Rana","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rana, S., Garbuja, C. K. & Rai, G. Nursing students\u2019 perception of online learning amidst COVID-19 pandemic. J. Lumbini Med. Coll. 9(1), 6\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22502\/jlmc.v9i1.414 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Lumbini Med. Coll."},{"key":"29490_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2021.104796","volume":"99","author":"HK Singh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Singh, H. K. et al. A survey of e-learning methods in nursing and medical education during COVID-19 pandemic in India. Nurse Educ. Today. 99, 104796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nedt.2021.104796 (2021).","journal-title":"Nurse Educ. Today"},{"issue":"1137","key":"29490_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2020-137876","volume":"96","author":"P Lapolla","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lapolla, P. & Mingoli, A. COVID-19 changes medical education in Italy: Will other countries follow? Postgrad. Med. J. 96(1137), 375\u2013376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/postgradmedj-2020-137876 (2020).","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"29490_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-024-01832-3","volume":"23","author":"H Khatatbeh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Khatatbeh, H., Zahran, Z., Al-Sheyab, N., Hamadneh, S. & Khasawneh, W. Challenges of distance learning encountered by nursing students after the COVID-19 pandemic: A study from the middle East. BMC Nurs. 23, 574. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12912-024-01832-3 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Nurs."},{"issue":"2","key":"29490_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1111\/inr.12663","volume":"68","author":"CF Agu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Agu, C. F., Stewart, J., McFarlane-Stewart, N. & Rae, T. COVID-19 pandemic effects on nursing education: Looking through the lens of a developing country. Int. Nurs. Rev. 68(2), 153\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/inr.12663 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. Nurs. Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"29490_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"5","author":"A Al-Maskari","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Maskari, A. & Al Riyami, T. Challenges faced by students during COVID-19 in higher education institutions in the Sultanate of Oman. Int. J. Inform. Technol. Lang. Stud. 5(3), 1\u201310 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Inform. Technol. Lang. Stud."},{"key":"29490_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927494","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.927494","volume":"10","author":"KA Alenzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alenzi, K. A., Alshahrani, M. M., Alqahtani, A. M., Alshammari, S. A. & Al-Shehri, A. H. Health economic burden of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Front. Public. Health. 10, 927494. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2022.927494 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"issue":"13","key":"29490_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7103","DOI":"10.3390\/su13137103","volume":"13","author":"K Alshaikh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alshaikh, K., Alharthi, M. & Alghamdi, F. Impact of COVID-19 on the educational process in Saudi Arabia: A technology\u2013organization\u2013environment framework. Sustainability 13(13), 7103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/su13137103 (2021).","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"issue":"2","key":"29490_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.4236\/ce.2023.142016","volume":"14","author":"AH Al-Shehri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Shehri, A. H. Challenges and issues of public education in Saudi Arabia during COVID-19. Creative Educ. 14(2), 245\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/ce.2023.142016 (2023).","journal-title":"Creative Educ."},{"issue":"1","key":"29490_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22888","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-22888-3","volume":"15","author":"FL Moussa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Moussa, F. L. et al. Evaluating health literacy and pandemic concerns in Saudi healthcare students and implications for future preparedness: A cross-sectional analysis. Sci. Rep. 15(1), 22888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-22888-3 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"29490_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.17220\/mojet.2016.03.005","volume":"4","author":"A Rasouli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rasouli, A., Rahbania, Z. & Attaran, M. Students\u2019 readiness for e-learning application in higher education. Malays. Online J. Educ. Technol. 4(3), 51\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17220\/mojet.2016.03.005 (2016).","journal-title":"Malays. Online J. Educ. Technol."},{"key":"29490_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01168","volume":"11","author":"C Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, C. & Zhao, H. The impact of COVID-19 on anxiety in Chinese university students. Front. Psychol. 11, 1168. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2020.01168 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Psychol."},{"key":"29490_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Salman, M. et al. Psychological impact of COVID-19 on Pakistani university students and how they are coping. medRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.05.21.20108647 (2020).","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.05.21.20108647"},{"key":"29490_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.028","volume":"87","author":"L Kang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kang, L. et al. Impact on mental health and perceptions of psychological care among medical and nursing staff in Wuhan during the 2019 novel coronavirus disease outbreak: A cross-sectional study. Brain. Behav. Immun. 87, 11\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.028 (2020).","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Immun."},{"issue":"3","key":"29490_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1007\/s11469-020-00270-8","volume":"20","author":"DK Ahorsu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahorsu, D. K. et al. The fear of COVID-19 scale: Development and initial validation. Int. J. Mental Health Addict. 20(3), 1537\u20131545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11469-020-00270-8 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mental Health Addict."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-29490-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-29490-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-29490-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T13:05:09Z","timestamp":1777122309000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-29490-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["29490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-29490-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"45211"}}