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Fitting blade profiles by constraining control points of a third-order B\u00e9zier curve through key geometric parameters of the blade, and forty-five sample points were generated in the design space by combining Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and Optimal Latin Hypercube Sampling (OLHS). The Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO) algorithm was used to obtain the optimal parameter combination. Flow field analysis showed that after optimization, the recirculation phenomenon in the flow channel between the blades was improved; the strong turbulent kinetic energy at the inlet and outlet of the fan and the leading edge of the impeller tongue was effectively suppressed, the internal flow field was more stable, and the efficiency was improved. the air volume increased by 176.19\u00a0m\u00b3\/h. These results demonstrate the significance of the proposed blade optimization in the aerodynamic performance of the shaking machine. This study addresses the research gap in the multi-parameter collaborative optimization for centrifugal fans used in oolong tea processing equipment, which traditionally relies on single-parameter empirical designs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-32474-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T05:25:31Z","timestamp":1766121931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimization of centrifugal fan for oolong tea shaking machine based on Kriging model and multi-objective particle swarm algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chengzhi","family":"Ruan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiwei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luxuan","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayou","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siling","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"32474_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4109","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11244109","volume":"11","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. et al. 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