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We describe fossilised regurgitated stomach content from the early Permian Bromacker locality (Thuringia, Germany) using micro-CT, osteological, chemical and taphonomical analyses. The regurgitalite consists of a compact cluster of 41 bones with a unique taphonomic signature, including sub-articulated, aligned long bones, an irregular overall shape, and low phosphorus contents in the near-bone matrix. The multitaxic elements comprise a maxilla attributed to the captorhinomorph\n                    <jats:italic>Thuringothyris mahlendorffae<\/jats:italic>\n                    , postcranial elements of the bolosaurid\n                    <jats:italic>Eudibamus cursoris<\/jats:italic>\n                    and an unidentified diadectid, along with several unassignable elements, indicating opportunistic feeding behaviour. The regurgitalite size and composition suggest an apex predator as producer, such as the sphenacodontid\n                    <jats:italic>Dimetrodon teutonis<\/jats:italic>\n                    or the varanopid\n                    <jats:italic>Tambacarnifex unguifalcatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , both known from Bromacker. This specimen represents the geologically oldest terrestrial regurgitalite and reveals novel insights into the feeding behaviours and the trophic network in a late Palaeozoic continental ecosystem.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-33381-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T10:03:08Z","timestamp":1769767388000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Early Permian terrestrial apex predator regurgitalite indicates opportunistic feeding behaviour"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Rebillard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9as","family":"Jannel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark J.","family":"MacDougall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Hamann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.-S\u00e9bastien","family":"Steyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f6rg","family":"Fr\u00f6bisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"33381_CR1","unstructured":"Hunt, A. 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