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This study investigated whether renal L-FABP mitigated rhabdomyolysis (RM)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Wild-type (WT) mice, which lack renal L-FABP expression, and human L-FABP (hL-FABP) chromosomal transgenic (Tg) mice, which express hL-FABP in proximal tubules, were divided into RM (WT-RM, Tg-RM) and control (WT-Cont, Tg-Cont) groups. RM was induced via intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol\/PBS into the quadriceps, whereas controls received PBS alone. On day 1, the WT-RM and Tg-RM groups exhibited similar increases in serum myoglobin, renal dysfunction, heme oxygenase-1 expression, and tubulointerstitial damage. By day 3, the Tg-RM group demonstrated significant improvements in renal function, attenuation of tubulointerstitial damage, and decrease in macrophage infiltration compared with the WT-RM group. Lipid peroxidation marker 4-hydroxynonenal increased similarly in both RM groups on day 1, but its further elevation on day 3 was significantly suppressed in Tg-RM mice. Solute carrier family 7 member 11 on day 1 and glutathione peroxidase 4 on day 3 were significantly higher in Tg-RM mice than in WT-RM mice, which led to the suppression of ferroptosis. In conclusion, renal hL-FABP may prevent progression of RM-induced AKI through ferroptosis inhibition by antioxidative effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-34045-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T09:23:02Z","timestamp":1766740982000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Renoprotective effects of human L-type fatty acid-binding protein (hL-FABP) in rhabdomyolysis-induced acute kidney injury"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kazuho","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiko","family":"Hoshino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Ohata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Sugaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenjiro","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yugo","family":"Shibagaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsuko","family":"Kamijo-Ikemori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"34045_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0801327","volume":"361","author":"X Bosch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bosch, X., Poch, E. & Grau, J. 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All other authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"3940"}}