{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:00:25Z","timestamp":1780084825019,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 110-2635-B-037-003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-85475-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T01:49:28Z","timestamp":1737683368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Disrupted HIV care during COVID-19 pandemic associated with increased disabilities among people living with HIV in Belize"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Tracy M.","family":"Quetzal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Cheng","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Wen","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Yi","family":"Chiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"85475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-021-00413-4","volume":"18","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2021","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K. et al. Disability and self-care living strategies among adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. AIDS Res. Ther. 18, 87 (2021).","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Ther."},{"key":"85475_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-02871-9","volume":"2249","author":"S Shiau","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shiau, S., Krause, K. D., Valera, P., Swaminathan, S. & Halkitis, P. N. The burden of COVID-19 in people living with HIV: a syndemic perspective. AIDS Behav. 2249, 2244\u20132249 (2020).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR3","unstructured":"United Nations Development Programme. COVID-19 socioeconomic impact assessment: Belize- 2020. https:\/\/www.undp.org\/belize\/publications\/socioeconomic-impact-covid-19-pandemic-belize. Accessed 31 Oct 2023. (2021)."},{"key":"85475_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2020.1842318","volume":"33","author":"PP Chowdhury","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chowdhury, P. P., Beer, L., Shu, F., Fagan, J. & Luke Shouse, R. Disability among adults with diagnosed HIV in the United States, 2017. AIDS Care 33, 1611\u20131615 (2021).","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0267271","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267271","volume":"17","author":"DA Brown","year":"2022","unstructured":"Brown, D. A. et al. Prevalence, severity, and risk factors of disability among adults living with HIV accessing routine outpatient HIV care in London, United Kingdom (UK): a cross-sectional self-report study. PLoS One 17, e0267271 (2022).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"85475_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S2","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(22)00063-0","volume":"3","author":"A Trickey","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trickey, A., Zhang, L., Sabin, C. A. & Sterne, J. A. Life expectancy of people with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy in Europe and North America: a cohort study. Lancet Healthy Longev. 3, S2 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Healthy Longev."},{"key":"85475_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-2-5","volume":"12","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2009","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K., Davis, A. M., Strike, C., Young, N. L. & Bayoumi, A. M. Putting episodic disability into context: a qualitative study exploring factors that influence disability experienced by adults living with HIV\/AIDS. J. Int. AIDS Soc. 12, 5 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Int. AIDS Soc."},{"key":"85475_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4203-0","volume":"19","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2019","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K. et al. Characterizing the disability experience among adults living with HIV: a structural equation model using the HIV disability questionnaire (HDQ) within the HIV, health and rehabilitation survey. BMC Infect. Dis. 19, 594 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"85475_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-6-76","volume":"6","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2008","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K., Bayoumi, A. M., Strike, C., Young, N. L. & Davis, A. M. Exploring disability from the perspective of adults living with HIV\/AIDS: development of a conceptual framework. Health Qual. Life Outcomes 6, 76 (2008).","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"85475_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-014-0724-8","volume":"14","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2014","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K. et al. Advancing research and practice in HIV and rehabilitation: a framework of research priorities in HIV, disability and rehabilitation. BMC Infect. Dis. 14, 724 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"85475_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S465","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-013-0598-6","volume":"18","author":"SM Stricker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stricker, S. M. et al. Retention in care and adherence to ART are critical elements of HIV care interventions. AIDS Behav. 18(Suppl 5), S465\u2013475 (2014).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03032-8","volume":"25","author":"S Linnemayr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Linnemayr, S. et al. HIV care experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic: mixed-methods telephone interviews with clinic-enrolled HIV-infected adults in Uganda. AIDS Behav. 25, 28\u201339 (2021).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002811","volume":"88","author":"Z Wagner","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wagner, Z. et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on use of HIV care, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and viral suppression: an observational cohort study from Uganda. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 88, 448\u2013456 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"85475_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e046883","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046883","volume":"11","author":"BD Pouwels","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pouwels, B. D. et al. Healthcare use during COVID-19 and the effect on psychological distress in patients with chronic cardiopulmonary disorders in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 11, e046883 (2021).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"85475_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.14319","volume":"37","author":"LE Joensen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Joensen, L. E. et al. Diabetes and COVID-19: psychosocial consequences of the COVID\u201019 pandemic in people with diabetes in Denmark\u2014what characterizes people with high levels of COVID\u201019\u2010related worries? Diabet. Med. 37, 1146\u20131154 (2020).","journal-title":"Diabet. Med."},{"key":"85475_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/diabetology2010001","volume":"2","author":"D Grabowski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Grabowski, D., Overgaard, M., Meldgaard, J., Johansen, L. B. & Willaing, I. Disrupted self-management and adaption to new diabetes routines: a qualitative study of how people with diabetes managed their illness during the COVID-19 lockdown. Diabetology 2, 1\u201315 (2021).","journal-title":"Diabetology"},{"key":"85475_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2332","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18052332","volume":"18","author":"Z Gvozdanovi\u0107","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gvozdanovi\u0107, Z. et al. The impact of education, COVID-19 and risk factors on the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health 18, 2332 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"85475_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12765","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182312765","volume":"18","author":"D Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee, D., Chow, E. P., Aguirre, I., Fairley, C. K. & Ong, J. J. Access to HIV antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Melbourne during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health 18, 12765 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"85475_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232595822210845","DOI":"10.1177\/23259582221084536","volume":"21","author":"MJ Trepka","year":"2022","unstructured":"Trepka, M. J. et al. HIV care access during the COVID-19 pandemic as perceived by racial\/ethnic minority groups served by the Ryan White program, Miami-Dade County, Florida. J. Int. Assoc. Provid AIDS Care 21, 23259582221084536 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Int. Assoc. Provid AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s12981-023-00534-y","volume":"20","author":"S Winters","year":"2023","unstructured":"Winters, S. et al. Increased prevalence of depression and anxiety among adults initiating antiretroviral therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Shinyanga region, Tanzania. AIDS Res. Ther. 20, 36 (2023).","journal-title":"AIDS Res. Ther."},{"key":"85475_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-021-03379-6","volume":"26","author":"NS West","year":"2022","unstructured":"West, N. S. et al. A double stress: the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic among people living with HIV in Rakai, Uganda. AIDS Behav. 26, 261\u2013265 (2022).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-2006-140","volume":"50","author":"\u00d6K Tun\u00e7el","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tun\u00e7el, \u00d6. K. et al. COVID-19-related anxiety in people living with HIV: an online cross-sectional study. Turk. J. Med. Sci. 50, 1792\u20131800 (2020).","journal-title":"Turk. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"85475_CR23","unstructured":"DiBiase, M. & United Nations. UNDP and the Global Fund in Belize: Case Study. https:\/\/www.undp.org\/belize\/publications\/undp-and-global-fund-belize-case-study. Accessed 12 Apr 2024. (2023)."},{"key":"85475_CR24","unstructured":"United Nation, A. I. D. S. & Belize. https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/regionscountries\/countries\/belize. Accessed 20 Jan 2024. (2023)."},{"key":"85475_CR25","unstructured":"Belize Constitution. Statutory Instrument No 67 of 2020, (Emergency Powers)(Amendment) (No.2). (2020)."},{"key":"85475_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0251183","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0251183","volume":"16","author":"I Akobirshoev","year":"2021","unstructured":"Akobirshoev, I. et al. The compounding effect of having HIV and a disability on child mortality among mothers in South Africa. PLoS One 16, e0251183 (2021).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"85475_CR27","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Wellness of Belize. The national HIV guidelines Belize. https:\/\/nacbelize.org\/report\/. Accessed 20 Dec 2022. (2021)."},{"key":"85475_CR28","unstructured":"National, A. I. D. S. C. Annual Report 2020. https:\/\/www.dropbox.com\/scl\/fi\/xnbvxb1o1y1p97ffxu0gl\/NAC-ANNUAL-REPORT-2020.pdf?rlkey=fn1xg7dyx5hj1n9mg4q6cefzy&e=1&dl=0. Accessed 30 Jan 2024. (2020)."},{"key":"85475_CR29","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Wellness. 2018. NAC annual report 2018. https:\/\/nacbelize.org\/report\/. Accessed 25 Jan 2021. (2018)."},{"key":"85475_CR30","unstructured":"Office of Public Health Data Surveillance and Technology. EPI info. (2021). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/epiinfo\/support\/downloads.html. Accessed 8 Aug 2021."},{"key":"85475_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-020-01643-2","volume":"19","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2021","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K. et al. Developing a short-form version of the HIV disability questionnaire (SF-HDQ) for use in clinical practice: a Rasch analysis. Health Qual. Life Outcomes 19, 6 (2021).","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"85475_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e062008","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062008","volume":"12","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2022","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K. et al. Assessing the sensibility and utility of a short-form version of the HIV disability questionnaire in clinical practice settings in Canada, Ireland and the USA: a mixed methods study. BMJ Open 12, e062008 (2022).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"85475_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-021-03371-0","volume":"26","author":"GJ Wagner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wagner, G. J. et al. Increased depression during COVID-19 lockdown associated with food insecurity and antiretroviral non-adherence among people living with HIV in Uganda. AIDS Behav. 26, 2182\u20132190 (2022).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/17290376.2018.1459813","volume":"15","author":"H Myezwaa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Myezwaa, H., Hanass-Hancockb, J., Ajidahun, A. T. & Carpenter, B. Disability and health outcomes \u2013 from a cohort of people on long-term antiretroviral therapy. SAHARA J. 15, 50\u201359 (2018).","journal-title":"SAHARA J."},{"key":"85475_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0143936","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0143936","volume":"10","author":"J Hanass-Hancock","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hanass-Hancock, J., Myezwa, H. & Carpenter, B. Disability and living with HIV: baseline from a cohort of people on long term ART in South Africa. PLoS One 10, e0143936 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"85475_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.55320\/mjz.44.3.283","volume":"44","author":"OA Olaleye","year":"2017","unstructured":"Olaleye, O. A., Adetoye, A. & Hamzat, T. K. Disability and quality of life among people living with HIV\/AIDS in Ibadan, Nigeria. Med. J. Zamb 44, 166\u2013175 (2017).","journal-title":"Med. J. Zamb"},{"key":"85475_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-023-08958-7","volume":"24","author":"KK O\u2019Brien","year":"2024","unstructured":"O\u2019Brien, K. K. et al. Episodic disability questionnaire (EDQ) measurement properties among adults living with HIV in Canada, Ireland, United Kingdom, and United States. BMC Infect. Dis. 24, 71 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"85475_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2018.1510048","volume":"42","author":"BS Carpenter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Carpenter, B. S., Hanass-Hancock, J. & Myezwa, H. Looking at antiretroviral adherence through a disability lens: a cross-sectional analysis of the intersection of disability, adherence, and health status. Disabil. Rehabil 42, 806\u2013813 (2020).","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil"},{"key":"85475_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232595821985055","DOI":"10.1177\/2325958219850558","volume":"18","author":"D Kietrys","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kietrys, D. et al. Functional limitations and disability in persons living with HIV in South Africa and United States: similarities and differences. J. Int. Assoc. Provid AIDS Care 18, 2325958219850558 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Int. Assoc. Provid AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6178","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18126178","volume":"18","author":"TS Jesus","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jesus, T. S. et al. Lockdown-related disparities experienced by people with disabilities during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: scoping review with thematic analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health 18, 6178 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"85475_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12644","volume":"18","author":"L Crivelli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Crivelli, L. et al. Changes in cognitive functioning after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis. Alzheimers Dement. 18, 1047\u20131066 (2022).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"85475_CR42","unstructured":"Government of Belize Press Office. Belize constitution (emergency powers) regulation [press release]. Belize (2020)."},{"key":"85475_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002820","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002820","volume":"16","author":"PD Ehrenkranz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ehrenkranz, P. D. et al. The missed potential of CD4 and viral load testing to improve clinical outcomes for people living with HIV in lower-resource settings. PLoS Med. 16, e1002820 (2019).","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"85475_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120701767240","volume":"20","author":"T Basta","year":"2008","unstructured":"Basta, T., Shacham, E. & Reece, M. Psychological distress and engagement in HIV-related services among individuals seeking mental health care. AIDS Care 20, 969\u2013976 (2008).","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000002493","volume":"85","author":"J Ballivian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ballivian, J. et al. Impact of COVID\u201319-related stress and lockdown on mental health among people living with HIV in Argentina. J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. 85, 475\u2013482 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"issue":"9","key":"85475_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2483","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-02892-4","volume":"24","author":"S Krier","year":"2020","unstructured":"Krier, S., Bozich, C., Pompa, R. & Friedman, M. R. Assessing HIV-related stigma in healthcare settings in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. AIDS Behav. 24(9), 2483\u20132485 (2020).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2019.1687836","volume":"32","author":"P Solomon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Solomon, P. et al. Types of episodic disability among people living with HIV in Zambia. AIDS Care 32, 1277\u20131282 (2020).","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1080\/09540121.2013.811209","volume":"26","author":"P Solomon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Solomon, P., O\u2019Brien, K., Wilkins, S. & Gervais, N. Aging with HIV and disability: the role of uncertainty. AIDS Care 26, 240\u2013245 (2014).","journal-title":"AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-2-46","volume":"2","author":"M Rusch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rusch, M. et al. Impairments, activity limitations and participation restrictions: prevalence and associations among persons living with HIV\/AIDS in British Columbia. Health Qual. Life Outcomes 2, 46 (2004).","journal-title":"Health Qual. Life Outcomes"},{"key":"85475_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S2055-6640(20)30466-0","volume":"2","author":"S Rangarajan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rangarajan, S. et al. Factors associated with HIV viral load suppression on antiretroviral therapy in Vietnam. J. Virus Erad 2, 94\u2013101 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Virus Erad"},{"key":"85475_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6283","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85359-3","volume":"11","author":"P Ssentongo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ssentongo, P. et al. Epidemiology and outcomes of COVID-19 in HIV-infected individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci. Rep. 11, 6283 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"85475_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2022004","DOI":"10.4178\/epih.e2022004","volume":"44","author":"W Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, W., Ju, Y. J. & Lee, S. Y. Does having various types of fear related to COVID-19 disrupt individuals\u2019 daily life?findings from a nationwide survey in Korea. Epidemiol. Health 44, e2022004 (2022).","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Health"},{"key":"85475_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2244","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-02871-9","volume":"24","author":"S Shiau","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shiau, S., Krause, K. D., Valera, P., Swaminathan, S. & Halkitis, P. N. The burden of COVID-19 in people living with HIV: a syndemic perspective. AIDS Behav. 24, 2244\u20132249 (2020).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2798","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03626-4","volume":"26","author":"E Guti\u00e9rrez-Velilla","year":"2022","unstructured":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Velilla, E., Pi\u00f1eir\u00faa-Men\u00e9ndez, A., \u00c1vila-R\u00edos, S. & Caballero-Su\u00e1rez, N. P. Clinical follow-up in people living with HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico. AIDS Behav. 26, 2798\u20132812 (2022).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4125","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-021-03300-1","volume":"25","author":"JJ Winwood","year":"2021","unstructured":"Winwood, J. J. et al. Exploring the social impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on people living with HIV (PLHIV): a scoping review. AIDS Behav. 25, 4125\u20134140 (2021).","journal-title":"AIDS Behav."},{"key":"85475_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X211070726","volume":"30","author":"ID Saragih","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saragih, I. D., Tonapa, S. I., Osingada, C. P., Porta, C. M. & Lee, B-O. Effects of telehealth-assisted interventions among people living with HIV\/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. J. Telemed Telecare 30, 438\u2013450 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Telemed Telecare"},{"key":"85475_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232595821875921","DOI":"10.1177\/2325958218759210","volume":"17","author":"P Solomon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Solomon, P. et al. Trajectories of episodic disability in people aging with HIV: a longitudinal qualitative study. J. Int. Assoc. Provid AIDS Care 17, 2325958218759210 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Int. Assoc. Provid AIDS Care"},{"key":"85475_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-1002-6","volume":"16","author":"A Cieza","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cieza, A., Sabariego, C., Bickenbach, J. & Chatterji, S. Rethinking disability. BMC Med. 16, 14 (2018).","journal-title":"BMC Med."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-85475-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-85475-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-85475-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T02:38:44Z","timestamp":1737686324000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-85475-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["85475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-85475-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The Taipei Medical University Joint Institutional Review Board (N202103110) and the Belize Ministry of Health and Wellness Research Ethics Committee (Gen\/147\/01\/21(13) Vol. V) provided approval for the study, and all participants provided informed consent. The study adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"3017"}}