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To extend GWAS findings, we conducted a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using PrediXcan to predict gene expression levels in whole blood using genome-wide genotype data for 6180 bladder cancer cases and 5699 controls included in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted gene-level odds ratios (OR) per 1-standard deviation higher expression with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for bladder cancer risk. We further assessed associations for individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) used to predict expression levels and proximal loci for genes identified in gene-level analyses with false-discovery rate (FDR) correction. TWAS identified four genes for which expression levels were associated with bladder cancer risk:\n                    <jats:italic>SLC39A3<\/jats:italic>\n                    (OR\u2009=\u20090.91, CI\u2009=\u20090.87\u20130.95, FDR\u2009=\u20090.015),\n                    <jats:italic>ZNF737<\/jats:italic>\n                    (OR\u2009=\u20090.91, CI\u2009=\u20090.88\u20130.95, FDR\u2009=\u20090.016),\n                    <jats:italic>FAM53A<\/jats:italic>\n                    (OR\u2009=\u20091.09, CI\u2009=\u20091.05\u20131.14, FDR\u2009=\u20090.022), and\n                    <jats:italic>PPP1R2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (OR\u2009=\u20091.09, CI\u2009=\u20091.05\u20131.13, FDR\u2009=\u20090.049). Findings from this TWAS enhance our understanding of how genetically-regulated gene expression affects bladder cancer development and point to potential prevention and treatment targets.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-85565-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T23:23:44Z","timestamp":1736378624000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Transcriptome-wide association study identifies genes associated with bladder cancer risk"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Siting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret R.","family":"Karagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael N.","family":"Passarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"85565_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21763","volume":"73","author":"RL Siegel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Siegel, R. 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