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In this study, we evaluated the larvicidal activity of Hesperidin against\n                    <jats:italic>Culex pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    larvae, assessing its potential as an alternative to chemical insecticides. Hesperidin demonstrated potent larvicidal effects, with a lethal concentration 50 (LC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of 570.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04 \u00b5g\/mL, outperforming the conventional insecticide Chlorpyrifos 588.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.28 \u00b5g\/mL in efficacy. Molecular docking simulations revealed a strong binding affinity between Hesperidin and crucial neuroreceptors in\n                    <jats:italic>Culex pipiens<\/jats:italic>\n                    , particularly acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a key enzyme involved in nerve signal transmission. The interaction between Hesperidin\u2019s hydroxyl groups and the AChE enzyme\u2019s active site suggests that AChE inhibition is the primary mechanism driving Hesperidin\u2019s insecticidal action. These findings position Hesperidin as a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic insecticides. However, further research is needed to assess its toxicity to non-target organisms and optimize its formulation for broader application in mosquito control.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-85760-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T08:03:42Z","timestamp":1737446622000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Evaluation of hesperidin as a potential larvicide against Culex pipiens with computational prediction of its mode of action via molecular docking"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2548-3507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdullah","family":"Haikal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7447-0433","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5657-704X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eslam M.","family":"Hosni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2552-4567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yhiya","family":"Amen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"85760_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14122387","volume":"14","author":"K Pyrzynska","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pyrzynska, K. 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