{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T08:08:29Z","timestamp":1784448509309,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center."}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ciprofol, a novel \u03b3-aminobutyric acid receptor agonist, outperforms propofol with minimal cardiovascular effects, higher potency, reduced injection pain, and a broader safety margin. Despite these advantages, ciprofol\u2019s clinical research is still emerging. This study compares the median effective dose (ED\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and adverse reactions of ciprofol and propofol, in conjunction with sufentanil, for suppressing cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation. Fifty-three adult patients scheduled for tracheal intubation under general anesthesia were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either ciprofol (Group C) or propofol (Group P), according to a random number table. Tracheal intubation was performed using a standardized laryngoscope and endotracheal tube. The Dixon\u2019s up-and-down method was employed to determine the ED\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    and 95% effective dose (ED\n                    <jats:sub>95<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of ciprofol and propofol in inhibiting cardiovascular responses during tracheal intubation. Based on the pilot study, the initial dose for ciprofol was set at 0.35 mg\/kg (with a 0.01 mg\/kg increment) and for propofol at 2.0 mg\/kg (with a 0.1 mg\/kg increment). Probit analysis was applied to derive dose-response curves, while adverse reactions were continuously monitored. A total of 54 participants were included, with 24 in group C (1 excluded) and 30 in group P. Probit analysis revealed that the ED\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    of ciprofol for inhibiting cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation were 0.326 mg\/kg (95% CI 0.304\u20130.337 mg\/kg), and for propofol, 1.541 mg\/kg (95% CI 1.481\u20131.599 mg\/kg). The heart rate in group P was significantly higher than the group C at 1 minute (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.026) and 3 minutes (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.016) post-intubation. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP) decreased significantly before and after intubation compared to baseline values in both groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). Group C experienced significantly less injection pain (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.001), although the incidence of other adverse effects was not statistically different between groups (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; 0.05).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Clinical Trial Registration<\/jats:italic>\n                    : hppts:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov; Identifier: NCT06095570(18\/10\/2023).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-85968-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]],"date-time":"2025-01-13T06:50:58Z","timestamp":1736751058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Comparative effective dose of ciprofol and propofol in suppressing cardiovascular responses to tracheal intubation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"nct06095570","registry":"10.18810\/clinical-trials-gov"}],"author":[{"given":"Min","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Ru","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Ning","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing-Zhou","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tang\u2011yuan\u2011meng","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"85968_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2016.01.037","volume":"31","author":"S Nagat","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nagat, S. et al. 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