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Therefore, the antitumor activity of the methanolic fruiting body extracts of three <jats:italic>Ganoderma<\/jats:italic> spp. will be evaluated by estimating cell viability, cell cycle parameters and the mode of cellular death. In this regard, Sulfo-rhodamine B staining and flow cytometry were used. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and breast ductal carcinoma (T-47D) cell lines were used as cancer models, while mouse normal liver (BNL) and oral epithelial cell (OEC) lines were used as respective controls. The results revealed that <jats:italic>Ganoderma resinaceum<\/jats:italic> extract decreased the viability of BNL at an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> &gt; 100\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL but not that of HepG2 at an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 72.32\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL. Additionally, <jats:italic>Ganoderma australe<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ganoderma mbrekobenum<\/jats:italic> decreased the viability of OEC cell line at an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 328.29 and 271.56\u00a0\u00b5g\/ mL, respectively. On the other hand, the IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of T-47D were 221.95 and 236.45\u00a0\u00b5g\/mL, respectively. The three extracts arrested the cell life cycle at the G1 phase in each case. <jats:italic>G. resinaceum<\/jats:italic> extract stimulated total apoptosis (Q2 + Q4) of 19.99% with low necrosis (Q1). However, the percentages of total cell necrosis in the T-47D cell line treated with the other two extracts were 31.10% and 18.28%, respectively while the percentages of total cell apoptosis were 6.83% and 1.78%, respectively. Thus, <jats:italic>G. resinaceum<\/jats:italic> significantly inhibited the viability of the HepG2 cell line, while both the <jats:italic>G. australe<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>G. mbrekobenum<\/jats:italic> extracts significantly decreased the viability of the T-47D cell line. These results may encourage speculation about their possible use for the therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma and breast ductal carcinoma after further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-86162-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]],"date-time":"2025-01-17T12:19:55Z","timestamp":1737116395000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["In vitro antitumor effects of methanolic extracts of three Ganoderema mushrooms"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Elshahat A.","family":"Toson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira A.","family":"El-Fallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marwa A.","family":"Oransa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda M.","family":"El-Gharabawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"86162_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1026552024021","volume":"78","author":"I Suay","year":"2000","unstructured":"Suay, I. et al. 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