{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T11:22:30Z","timestamp":1782300150782,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-88876-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T19:42:26Z","timestamp":1738698146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Longer respiratory events in childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome constitute a trait of older children with excessive daytime sleepiness"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Plamen","family":"Bokov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Dudoignon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Matrot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2786-0812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Delclaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"88876_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-017-1613-3","volume":"22","author":"M Bosi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bosi, M. et al. Phenotyping the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea using polygraphy\/polysomnography: a review of the literature. Sleep. Breath. 22, 579\u2013592 (2018).","journal-title":"Sleep. Breath."},{"key":"88876_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2016.12.003","volume":"37","author":"DJ Eckert","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eckert, D. J. Phenotypic approaches to obstructive sleep apnoea - new pathways for targeted therapy. Sleep. Med. Rev. 37, 45\u201359 (2018).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med. Rev."},{"key":"88876_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01785-8","volume":"23","author":"H Nakayama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakayama, H., Kobayashi, M., Tsuiki, S., Yanagihara, M. & Inoue, Y. Obstructive sleep apnea phenotypes in men based on characteristics of respiratory events during polysomnography. Sleep. Breath. 23, 1087\u20131094 (2019).","journal-title":"Sleep. Breath."},{"key":"88876_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202005-1808OC","volume":"203","author":"PV Borker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Borker, P. V. et al. Non-REM apnea and Hypopnea Duration varies across Population groups and physiologic traits. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 203, 1173\u20131182 (2021).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"88876_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Oksenberg, A. & Lepp\u00e4nen, T. Duration of respiratory events in obstructive sleep apnea: in search of paradoxical results. Sleep Med. Rev. 101728 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101728 (2022).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101728"},{"key":"88876_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201804-0758OC","volume":"199","author":"MP Butler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Butler, M. P. et al. Apnea-hypopnea event Duration predicts Mortality in men and women in the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 199, 903\u2013912 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"88876_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201510-2099OC","volume":"194","author":"SJ Hunter","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hunter, S. J. et al. Effect of sleep-disordered breathing severity on cognitive performance measures in a large community cohort of Young School-aged children. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 194, 739\u2013747 (2016).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"88876_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2021.101470","volume":"57","author":"HU Dissanayake","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dissanayake, H. U. et al. Association between autonomic function and obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review. Sleep. Med. Rev. 57, 101470 (2021).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med. Rev."},{"key":"88876_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1113\/EP086051","volume":"102","author":"AE Beaudin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Beaudin, A. E., Waltz, X., Hanly, P. J. & Poulin, M. J. Impact of obstructive sleep apnoea and intermittent hypoxia on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular regulation. Exp. Physiol. 102, 743\u2013763 (2017).","journal-title":"Exp. Physiol."},{"key":"88876_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000588","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1000588","volume":"5","author":"SA Sands","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sands, S. A. et al. A model analysis of arterial oxygen desaturation during apnea in preterm infants. PLoS Comput. Biol. 5, e1000588 (2009).","journal-title":"PLoS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"88876_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201003-0477OC","volume":"182","author":"SA Sands","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sands, S. A. et al. Mechanism underlying accelerated arterial oxygen desaturation during recurrent apnea. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 182, 961\u2013969 (2010).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"88876_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2019.03.003","volume":"58","author":"P Bokov","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bokov, P. et al. The utility of acoustic pharyngometry and rhinometry in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep. Med. 58, 75\u201381 (2019).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med."},{"key":"88876_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13337","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.13337","volume":"30","author":"P Bokov","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bokov, P. et al. Cross-sectional case-control study of the relationships between pharyngeal compliance and heart rate variability indices in childhood obstructive sleep apnoea. J. Sleep. Res. 30, e13337 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Sleep. Res."},{"key":"88876_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00385-2015","volume":"47","author":"AG Kaditis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaditis, A. G. et al. Obstructive sleep disordered breathing in 2- to 18-year-old children: diagnosis and management. Eur. Respir J. 47, 69\u201394 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir J."},{"key":"88876_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6576","volume":"13","author":"RB Berry","year":"2017","unstructured":"Berry, R. B. et al. AASM Scoring Manual Updates for 2017 (Version 2.4). J. Clin. Sleep. Med. 13, 665\u2013666 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep. Med."},{"key":"88876_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01870-y","volume":"24","author":"S Sara\u00e7","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sara\u00e7, S. & Afsar, G. C. Effect of mean apnea-hypopnea duration in patients with obstructive sleep apnea on clinical and polysomnography parameter. Sleep. Breath. 24, 77\u201381 (2020).","journal-title":"Sleep. Breath."},{"key":"88876_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.909219","volume":"24","author":"X Zhan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhan, X., Fang, F., Wu, C., Pinto, J. M. & Wei, Y. A retrospective study to compare the use of the Mean apnea-hypopnea duration and the apnea-hypopnea index with blood oxygenation and sleep patterns in patients with obstructive sleep apnea diagnosed by Polysomnography. Med. Sci. Monit. 24, 1887\u20131893 (2018).","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"88876_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, H., Zhan, X., Zhao, M. & Wei, Y. Mean apnea-hypopnea duration (but not apnea-hypopnea index) is associated with worse hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Medicine 95, e5493 (2016).","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005493"},{"key":"88876_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202209-1808OC","volume":"208","author":"G Labarca","year":"2023","unstructured":"Labarca, G. et al. Sleep apnea physiological burdens and Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 208, 802\u2013813 (2023).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"88876_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00557","volume":"7","author":"V Pichot","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pichot, V., Roche, F., Celle, S., Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my, J. C. & Chouchou, F. HRVanalysis: a Free Software for analyzing Cardiac autonomic activity. Front. Physiol. 7, 557 (2016).","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"88876_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2017.00258","volume":"5","author":"F Shaffer","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shaffer, F. & Ginsberg, J. P. An overview of Heart Rate Variability Metrics and norms. Front. Public. Health. 5, 258 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"88876_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"958550","DOI":"10.3389\/fnetp.2022.958550","volume":"2","author":"RR Dos Santos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dos Santos, R. R. et al. Correlation between heart rate variability and polysomnography-derived scores of obstructive sleep apnea. Front. Netw. Physiol. 2, 958550 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Netw. Physiol."},{"key":"88876_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nayak, S. K., Bit, A., Dey, A., Mohapatra, B. & Pal, K. A Review on the Nonlinear Dynamical System Analysis of Electrocardiogram Signal. J Healthc Eng 6920420 (2018). (2018).","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6920420"},{"key":"88876_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.3390\/e22030309","volume":"22","author":"T Henriques","year":"2020","unstructured":"Henriques, T. et al. Nonlinear methods most Applied to Heart-Rate Time Series: a review. Entropy 22, 309 (2020).","journal-title":"Entropy"},{"key":"88876_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00010.2018","author":"P Bokov","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bokov, P., Matrot, B., Gallego, J. & Delclaux, C. Comparison of different methods of chemical loop gain measurement during tidal ventilation in awake healthy subjects. J. Appl. Physiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/japplphysiol.00010.2018 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"88876_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819889912","volume":"162","author":"A Al Ali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Al Ali, A. et al. Evaluation of Tonsillotomy effects on pharyngeal volume and compliance in children. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 162, 230\u2013233 (2020).","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"88876_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2003.07.018","volume":"67","author":"P Cassano","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cassano, P., Gelardi, M., Cassano, M., Fiorella, M. L. & Fiorella, R. Adenoid tissue rhinopharyngeal obstruction grading based on fiberendoscopic findings: a novel approach to therapeutic management. Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 67, 1303\u20131309 (2003).","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"88876_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(16)36806-7","volume":"36","author":"L Brodsky","year":"1989","unstructured":"Brodsky, L. Modern assessment of tonsils and adenoids. Pediatr. Clin. North. Am. 36, 1551\u20131569 (1989).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Clin. North. Am."},{"key":"88876_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13647","DOI":"10.1111\/pai.13647","volume":"33","author":"P Bokov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bokov, P., Jallouli-Masmoudi, D., Amat, F., Houdouin, V. & Delclaux, C. Small airway dysfunction is an independent dimension of wheezing disease in preschool children. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol. 33, e13647 (2022).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Allergy Immunol."},{"key":"88876_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.05247","volume":"62","author":"L Gochicoa-Rangel","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gochicoa-Rangel, L. et al. Validating reference equations for impulse oscillometry in healthy Mexican children. Respir Care. 62, 1156\u20131165 (2017).","journal-title":"Respir Care"},{"key":"88876_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(61)80007-3","volume":"59","author":"CD Cook","year":"1961","unstructured":"Cook, C. D. & Hamann, J. F. Relation of lung volumes to height in healthy persons between the ages of 5 and 38 years. J. Pediatr. 59, 710\u2013714 (1961).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"88876_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-199001000-00010","volume":"1","author":"KJ Rothman","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rothman, K. J. No adjustments are needed for multiple comparisons. Epidemiology 1, 43\u201346 (1990).","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"88876_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.156.2.9609015","volume":"156","author":"F Zerah-Lancner","year":"1997","unstructured":"Zerah-Lancner, F. et al. Pulmonary function in obese snorers with or without sleep apnea syndrome. Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med. 156, 522\u2013527 (1997).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"88876_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.05.031","volume":"74","author":"A Shakkottai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shakkottai, A. et al. Sleep-disordered breathing in cystic fibrosis. Sleep. Med. 74, 57\u201365 (2020).","journal-title":"Sleep. Med."},{"key":"88876_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.22713","volume":"48","author":"MJ Gutierrez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gutierrez, M. J., Zhu, J., Rodriguez-Martinez, C. E., Nino, C. L. & Nino, G. Nocturnal phenotypical features of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in asthmatic children. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 48, 592\u2013600 (2013).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Pulmonol."},{"key":"88876_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11101343","volume":"11","author":"LM DelRosso","year":"2021","unstructured":"DelRosso, L. M. et al. Obstructive apnea and Hypopnea Length in normal children and adolescents. Brain Sci. 11, 1343 (2021).","journal-title":"Brain Sci."},{"key":"88876_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsad170","author":"P Bokov","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bokov, P., Dudoignon, B., Spruyt, K. & Delclaux, C. Alteration of sleep architecture in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sleep\/zsad170 (2023).","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"88876_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00009506","volume":"30","author":"O Mediano","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mediano, O. et al. Daytime sleepiness and polysomnographic variables in sleep apnoea patients. Eur. Respir J. 30, 110\u2013113 (2007).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir J."},{"key":"88876_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22236-7","volume":"12","author":"P Bokov","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bokov, P. et al. Oropharyngeal obstruction and respiratory system compliance are linked to ventilatory control parameters in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sci. Rep. 12, 17340 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"88876_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1994.76.1.314","volume":"76","author":"CL Marcus","year":"1994","unstructured":"Marcus, C. L., Glomb, W. B., Basinski, D. J., Davidson, S. L. & Keens, T. G. Developmental pattern of hypercapnic and hypoxic ventilatory responses from childhood to adulthood. J. Appl. Physiol. 76, 314\u2013320 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"88876_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Qin, H. et al. Obstructive sleep apnea heterogeneity and autonomic function: a role for heart rate variability in therapy selection and efficacy monitoring. J Sleep Res e14020 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jsr.14020","DOI":"10.1111\/jsr.14020"},{"key":"88876_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-020-00460-w","volume":"35","author":"RA Hoshi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hoshi, R. A. et al. Reduced heart-rate variability and increased risk of hypertension-a prospective study of the ELSA-Brasil. J. Hum. Hypertens. 35, 1088\u20131097 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Hum. Hypertens."},{"key":"88876_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1080\/17476348.2023.2241353","volume":"17","author":"E Perger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Perger, E., Bertoli, S. & Lombardi, C. Pharmacotherapy for obstructive sleep apnea: targeting specific pathophysiological traits. Expert Rev. Respir Med. 17, 663\u2013673 (2023).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Respir Med."},{"key":"88876_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21957","volume":"40","author":"J Liang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liang, J. et al. Comparison of Heritability Estimation and linkage analysis for multiple traits using principal component analyses. Genet. Epidemiol. 40, 222\u2013232 (2016).","journal-title":"Genet. Epidemiol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-88876-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-88876-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-88876-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T19:42:29Z","timestamp":1738698149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-88876-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["88876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-88876-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"the authors have no conflict of interest to disclose.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest disclosure"}},{"value":"approved by our local ethics committee (PHENOSAS: N\u00b0 2018\u2009\u2212\u2009416).","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Financial disclosure: The experimental part (mice model) of the project \u201cDESSAP\u201d devoted to: apnea causes and consequences in childhood, has been funded by the Fondation Avenir (RM-23-031). This funder has no role in study design, collection, analysis and interpretation of data, writing of the report and decision to submit the article for publication.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}],"article-number":"4288"}}