{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T21:15:20Z","timestamp":1793654120381,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742169600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003453","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021A1515012168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021A1515012168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003453","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-91964-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T04:48:31Z","timestamp":1742186911000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Comparative analysis of endoscopic discectomy for demanding lumbar disc herniation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dongping","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiamin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuxian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenglin","family":"Lei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pinying","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yilin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuling","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuewei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huizhi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Mai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongxian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuncong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongchao","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"91964_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2023.03.024","volume":"136","author":"AS Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, A. S. et al. Lumbar disc herniation: Diagnosis and management. Am. J. Med. 136, 645\u2013651 (2023).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"91964_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198210000-00003","volume":"6","author":"JW Fries","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fries, J. W., Abodeely, D. A., Vijungco, J. G., Yeager, V. L. & Gaffey, W. R. Computed tomography of herniated and extruded nucleus pulposus. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 6, 874\u2013887 (1982).","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr"},{"key":"91964_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, G. et al. Percutaneous endoscopic approach for highly migrated intracanal disc herniations by foraminoplastic technique using rigid working channel endoscope. Spine (Phila Pa 33, e508-e515 (2008). (1976).","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31817bfa1a"},{"key":"91964_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-017-1943-7","volume":"60","author":"Y Ahn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ahn, Y., Jeong, T. S. & Lim, T. Grading system for migrated lumbar disc herniation on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging: An agreement study. Neuroradiology 60, 101\u2013107 (2018).","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"91964_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11071750","volume":"11","author":"Y Ahn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ahn, Y., Kim, J. E., Yoo, B. R. & Jeong, Y. M. A new grading system for migrated lumbar disc herniation on sagittal magnetic resonance imaging: An agreement study. J. Clin. Med. 11, 1750 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"91964_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.11.056","volume":"14","author":"MH Daghighi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Daghighi, M. H. et al. Migration patterns of herniated disc fragments: A study on 1,020 patients with extruded lumbar disc herniation. Spine J. 14, 1970\u20131977 (2014).","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"91964_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.14245\/kjs.2012.9.3.281","volume":"9","author":"JH Ju","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ju, J. H., Kim, H. W., Jung, C. K. & Ha, H. G. Sudden onset of cauda equina syndrome resulting from posterior migration of lumbar herniated disc without significant previous neurological signs. Korean J. Spine 9, 281\u2013284 (2012).","journal-title":"Korean J. Spine"},{"key":"91964_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-020-03891-1","volume":"22","author":"C Wu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wu, C., Lee, C. Y., Chen, S. C., Hsu, S. K. & Wu, M. H. Functional outcomes of full-endoscopic spine surgery for high-grade migrated lumbar disc herniation: A prospective registry-based cohort study with more than 5 years of follow-up. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 22, 58 (2021).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord"},{"key":"91964_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-024-02348-9","volume":"24","author":"W Cheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheng, W. et al. Contralateral translaminar endoscopic approach for highly down-migrated lumbar disc herniation using percutaneous biportal endoscopic surgery: Original research. BMC Surg. 24, 58 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Surg."},{"key":"91964_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-03245-8","volume":"17","author":"H Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, H., Hu, H., Lin, X., Wu, C. & Tan, L. Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy via inner border of inferior pedicle approach for downmigrated disc herniation: A retrospective study. J. Orthop. Surg. Res. 17, 359 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"91964_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699a","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.67.5.699a","volume":"67","author":"R Laing","year":"1999","unstructured":"Laing, R. Lumbar disc herniation. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 67, 699a (1999).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"91964_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/ppc.12568","volume":"57","author":"A Y\u00fcksel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y\u00fcksel, A., \u00c7etinkaya, F. & Karakoyun, A. The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on psychiatric symptoms, psychological well-being, and pain beliefs in patients with lumbar disk herniation. Perspect. Psychiatr. Care 57, 335\u2013342 (2021).","journal-title":"Perspect. Psychiatr Care"},{"key":"91964_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198606000-00008","volume":"207","author":"P Kambin","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kambin, P. & Sampson, S. Posterolateral percutaneous suction-excision of herniated lumbar intervertebral discs. Report of interim results. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 207, 37\u201343 (1986).","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"key":"91964_CR14","first-page":"e75","volume":"20","author":"C Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, C., Chu, L., Yong, H. C., Chen, L. & Deng, Z. L. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for highly migrated lumbar disc herniation. Pain Physician 20, e75\u2013e84 (2017).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"91964_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S302717","volume":"14","author":"F Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang, F. et al. Endoscopic and microscopic interlaminar discectomy for the treatment of far-migrated lumbar disc herniation: A retrospective study with a 24-month follow-up. J. Pain Res. 14, 1593\u20131600 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Pain Res."},{"key":"91964_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2006-932172","volume":"49","author":"S Ruetten","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ruetten, S., Komp, M. & Godolias, G. A new full-endoscopic technique for the interlaminar operation of lumbar disc herniations using 6-mm endoscopes: Prospective 2-year results of 331 patients. Minim. Invasive Neurosurg. 49, 80\u201387 (2006).","journal-title":"Minim. Invasive Neurosurg."},{"key":"91964_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e259","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e31827649ea","volume":"29","author":"CH Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim, C. H., Chung, C. K. & Woo, J. W. Surgical outcome of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar lumbar discectomy for highly migrated disk herniation. Clin. Spine Surg. 29, e259\u2013e266 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Spine Surg."},{"key":"91964_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1014033","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1014033","volume":"9","author":"R Zuo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zuo, R. et al. The clinical efficacy of biportal endoscopy is comparable to that of uniportal endoscopy via the interlaminar approach for the treatment of L5\/S1 lumbar disc herniation. Front. Surg. 9, 1014033 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Surg."},{"key":"91964_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(96)90069-9","volume":"12","author":"DJ De Antoni","year":"1996","unstructured":"De Antoni, D. J., Claro, M. L., Poehling, G. G. & Hughes, S. S. Translaminar lumbar epidural endoscopy: Anatomy, technique, and indications. Arthroscopy 12, 330\u2013334 (1996).","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"91964_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.4184\/asj.2016.10.4.624","volume":"10","author":"DJ Choi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Choi, D. J., Choi, C. M., Jung, J. T., Lee, S. J. & Kim, Y. S. Learning curve associated with complications in biportal endoscopic spinal surgery: Challenges and strategies. Asian Spine J. 10, 624\u2013629 (2016).","journal-title":"Asian Spine J."},{"key":"91964_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-022-02929-5","volume":"17","author":"HW Jiang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jiang, H. W. et al. Unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy versus percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation: A retrospective study. J. Orthop. Surg. Res. 17, 30 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Surg. Res."},{"key":"91964_CR22","first-page":"e1191","volume":"25","author":"Z Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, Z. et al. Transforaminal versus interlaminar approach of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy under local anesthesia for L5\/S1 disc herniation: A randomized controlled trial. Pain Physician 25, e1191\u2013e1198 (2022).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"key":"91964_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/os.13627","volume":"15","author":"L Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, L. et al. Comparison of clinical outcomes and muscle invasiveness between unilateral biportal endoscopic discectomy and percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for lumbar disc herniation at L5\/S1 level. Orthop. Surg. 15, 695\u2013703 (2023).","journal-title":"Orthop. Surg."},{"key":"91964_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2022.08.080","volume":"168","author":"D Fukuhara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fukuhara, D., Ono, K., Kenji, T. & Majima, T. A narrative review of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy using interlaminar approach. World Neurosurg. 168, 324\u2013332 (2022).","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"91964_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e836","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2021.01.086","volume":"149","author":"YH Hong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hong, Y. H. et al. Water dynamics in unilateral biportal endoscopic spine surgery and its related factors: An in vivo proportional regression and proficiency-matched study. World Neurosurg. 149, e836\u2013e843 (2021).","journal-title":"World Neurosurg."},{"key":"91964_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2019.04.015","volume":"19","author":"K Soma","year":"2019","unstructured":"Soma, K. et al. Influence of incidental dural tears and their primary microendoscopic repairs on surgical outcomes in patients undergoing microendoscopic lumbar surgery. Spine J. 19, 1559\u20131565 (2019).","journal-title":"Spine J."},{"key":"91964_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-024-07339-8","volume":"25","author":"R Shao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shao, R. et al. Unilateral biportal endoscopy via two different approaches for upper lumbar disc herniation: A technical note. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 25, 367 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord"},{"key":"91964_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-024-06713-0","volume":"41","author":"A Tabanli","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tabanli, A. et al. Surgical outcomes of tethered cord syndrome in patients with normal conus medullaris and filum terminale without urologic symptoms. Childs Nerv. Syst. 41, 47 (2024).","journal-title":"Childs Nerv. Syst."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-91964-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-91964-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-91964-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]],"date-time":"2025-03-17T04:48:34Z","timestamp":1742186914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-91964-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["91964"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-91964-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9098"}}