{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:53:08Z","timestamp":1793047988441,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004484","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1401.588"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IR.TUMS.MEDICINE.REC.1401.588"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-93835-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T03:29:59Z","timestamp":1742441399000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Adherence to the planetary health diet reduces dietary costs by 21% supporting affordable healthy eating among older adults in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Maryam Karim","family":"Dehnavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanieh","family":"Abbasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parisa Nezhad","family":"Hajian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmadreza Dorosty","family":"Motlagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Azadbakht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"93835_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e895","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)30217-0","volume":"4","author":"I Kickbusch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kickbusch, I., Allen, L. & Franz, C. The commercial determinants of health. Lancet Glob. Health 4, e895\u2013e896. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)30217-0 (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"93835_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0080.2011.01554.x","author":"J Lee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lee, J., Ralston, R. & Truby, H. Influence of food cost on diet quality and risk factors for chronic disease: A systematic review. Nutr. Diet. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1747-0080.2011.01554.x (2011).","journal-title":"Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"93835_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuv027","volume":"73","author":"N Darmon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Darmon, N. & Drewnowski, A. Contribution of food prices and diet cost to socioeconomic disparities in diet quality and health: a systematic review and analysis. Nutr. Rev. 73, 643\u2013660. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/nutrit\/nuv027 (2015).","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"93835_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2009.02.002","volume":"109","author":"P Monsivais","year":"2009","unstructured":"Monsivais, P. & Drewnowski, A. Lower-energy-density diets are associated with higher monetary costs per kilocalorie and are consumed by women of higher socioeconomic status. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 109, 814\u2013822. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jada.2009.02.002 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"key":"93835_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2021.05.024","volume":"121","author":"C Pedroni","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pedroni, C., Castetbon, K., Desbouys, L., Rouche, M. & Vandevijvere, S. The cost of diets according to nutritional quality and sociodemographic characteristics: a population-based assessment in Belgium. J. Acad. Nutr. Diet 121, 2187-2200.e2184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jand.2021.05.024 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutr. Diet"},{"key":"93835_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004277","volume":"3","author":"M Rao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rao, M., Afshin, A., Singh, G. & Mozaffarian, D. Do healthier foods and diet patterns cost more than less healthy options? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 3, e004277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-004277 (2013).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"93835_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-6405.12506","volume":"40","author":"C Palermo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Palermo, C., McCartan, J., Kleve, S., Sinha, K. & Shiell, A. A longitudinal study of the cost of food in Victoria influenced by geography and nutritional quality. Aust. N. Z. J. Public Health 40, 270\u2013273. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1753-6405.12506 (2016).","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Public Health"},{"key":"93835_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13113871","author":"P Clark","year":"2021","unstructured":"Clark, P. et al. A healthy diet is not more expensive than less healthy options: cost-analysis of different dietary patterns in Mexican children and adolescents. Nutrients https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13113871 (2021).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"93835_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-2996-y","volume":"16","author":"AJ Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lee, A. J., Kane, S., Ramsey, R., Good, E. & Dick, M. Testing the price and affordability of healthy and current (unhealthy) diets and the potential impacts of policy change in Australia. BMC Public Health 16, 315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12889-016-2996-y (2016).","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"93835_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15112469","volume":"1","author":"P Love","year":"2018","unstructured":"Love, P. et al. Healthy diets in rural Victoria-cheaper than unhealthy alternatives, yet unaffordable. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 1, 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph15112469 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"93835_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andrea Carlson, E. F. Are healthy foods really more expensive? It depends on how you measure the price. USDA-ERS Econ. Inf. Bull. 96 (2013).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2199553"},{"key":"93835_CR12","unstructured":"Orr, J. B. Food, health and income. A report on a survey of adequacy of diet in relation to income (1936)."},{"key":"93835_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/S0027-9684(15)30711-2","volume":"102","author":"S Raffensperger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Raffensperger, S. et al. Effect of race and predictors of socioeconomic status on diet quality in the HANDLS study sample. J. Natl. Med. Assoc. 102, 923\u2013930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0027-9684(15)30711-2 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Natl. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"93835_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006814","volume":"5","author":"A Alkerwi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Alkerwi, A., Vernier, C., Sauvageot, N., Crichton, G. E. & Elias, M. F. Demographic and socioeconomic disparity in nutrition: application of a novel Correlated Component Regression approach. BMJ Open 5, e006814. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-006814 (2015).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"93835_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1107","volume":"87","author":"N Darmon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Darmon, N. & Drewnowski, A. Does social class predict diet quality?. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 87, 1107\u20131117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajcn\/87.5.1107 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095469","author":"J Encalada-Torres","year":"2022","unstructured":"Encalada-Torres, J. et al. Socioeconomic status and nutritional status as predictors of food insecurity in older adults: a case study from Southern Ecuador. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19095469 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"93835_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422420000189","volume":"34","author":"NS Nazri","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nazri, N. S., Vanoh, D. & Leng, S. K. Malnutrition, low diet quality and its risk factors among older adults with low socio-economic status: a scoping review. Nutr. Res. Rev. 34, 107\u2013116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0954422420000189 (2021).","journal-title":"Nutr. Res. Rev."},{"key":"93835_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1441","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114515000604","volume":"113","author":"JL Atkins","year":"2015","unstructured":"Atkins, J. L. et al. Diet quality in older age: the influence of childhood and adult socio-economic circumstances. Br. J. Nutr. 113, 1441\u20131452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114515000604 (2015).","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1111\/1747-0080.12285","volume":"73","author":"A Host","year":"2016","unstructured":"Host, A., Mcmahon, A.-T., Walton, K. & Charlton, K. \u2018While we can, we will\u2019: Exploring food choice and dietary behaviour amongst independent older Australians. Nutr. Diet. 73, 463\u2013473. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1747-0080.12285 (2016).","journal-title":"Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"93835_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0080.2011.01535.x","volume":"68","author":"CA Wham","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wham, C. A. & Bowden, J. A. Eating for health: Perspectives of older men who live alone. Nutr. Diet. 68, 221\u2013226. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1747-0080.2011.01535.x (2011).","journal-title":"Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"93835_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.096776","volume":"101","author":"CB Kamphuis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kamphuis, C. B., de Bekker-Grob, E. W. & van Lenthe, F. J. Factors affecting food choices of older adults from high and low socioeconomic groups: a discrete choice experiment. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 101, 768\u2013774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.114.096776 (2015).","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61347-7","volume":"385","author":"MJ Prince","year":"2015","unstructured":"Prince, M. J. et al. The burden of disease in older people and implications for health policy and practice. Lancet 385, 549\u2013562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61347-7 (2015).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"93835_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02612-5","volume":"401","author":"E Dent","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dent, E., Wright, O. R. L., Woo, J. & Hoogendijk, E. O. Malnutrition in older adults. Lancet 401, 951\u2013966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02612-5 (2023).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"93835_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ii39","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afae032","volume":"53","author":"APM van Soest","year":"2024","unstructured":"van Soest, A. P. M., van de Rest, O., Witkamp, R. F. & de Groot, L. The association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and cognitive ageing. Age Ageing 53, ii39\u2013ii46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ageing\/afae032 (2024).","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"93835_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aehs.2024.05.001","volume":"1","author":"E Akehurst","year":"2024","unstructured":"Akehurst, E. et al. Associations of EAT-Lancet diet food groups with sarcopenia components, self-reported sarcopenia risk and health-related quality of life in older Australians performing exercise training, following their normal diet: Six-month pretest-posttest study. Adv. Exerc. Health Sci. 1, 138\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aehs.2024.05.001 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Exerc. Health Sci."},{"key":"93835_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31788-4","volume":"393","author":"W Willett","year":"2019","unstructured":"Willett, W. et al. Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT-Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Lancet 393, 447\u2013492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)31788-4 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"93835_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155683","volume":"836","author":"C Cambeses-Franco","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cambeses-Franco, C., Feijoo, G., Moreira, M. T. & Gonz\u00e1lez-Garc\u00eda, S. Co-benefits of the EAT-Lancet diet for environmental protection in the framework of the Spanish dietary pattern. Sci. Total Environ. 836, 155683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.155683 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"93835_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e786","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00250-3","volume":"5","author":"JE Laine","year":"2021","unstructured":"Laine, J. E. et al. Co-benefits from sustainable dietary shifts for population and environmental health: an assessment from a large European cohort study. Lancet Planetary Health 5, e786\u2013e796. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00250-3 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Planetary Health"},{"key":"93835_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13959","volume":"515","author":"D Tilman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tilman, D. & Clark, M. Global diets link environmental sustainability and human health. Nature 515, 518\u2013522. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature13959 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"93835_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-020-00606-z","volume":"19","author":"T Goulding","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goulding, T., Lindberg, R. & Russell, C. G. The affordability of a healthy and sustainable diet: an Australian case study. Nutr. J. 19, 109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12937-020-00606-z (2020).","journal-title":"Nutr. J."},{"key":"93835_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e59","DOI":"10.1016\/s2214-109x(19)30447-4","volume":"8","author":"K Hirvonen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hirvonen, K., Bai, Y., Headey, D. & Masters, W. A. Affordability of the EAT-Lancet reference diet: a global analysis. Lancet Glob. Health 8, e59\u2013e66. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2214-109x(19)30447-4 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"93835_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e6","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30502-9","volume":"8","author":"A Drewnowski","year":"2020","unstructured":"Drewnowski, A. Analysing the affordability of the EAT\u2013Lancet diet. Lancet Glob. Health 8, e6\u2013e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30502-9 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"93835_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980009991698","volume":"13","author":"P Mirmiran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mirmiran, P., Esfahani, F. H., Mehrabi, Y., Hedayati, M. & Azizi, F. Reliability and relative validity of an FFQ for nutrients in the Tehran lipid and glucose study. Public Health Nutr. 13, 654\u2013662 (2010).","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20090083","volume":"20","author":"FH Esfahani","year":"2010","unstructured":"Esfahani, F. H., Asghari, G., Mirmiran, P. & Azizi, F. Reproducibility and relative validity of food group intake in a food frequency questionnaire developed for the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. J. Epidemiol. 20, 150\u2013158 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"93835_CR35","unstructured":"Ghafarpour, M., Houshiar-Rad, A., Kianfar, H. & Ghaffarpour, M. The Manual for Household Measures, Cooking Yields Factors, and Edible Portion of Food (Keshavarzi Press, 1999)."},{"key":"93835_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13051698","author":"LT Cacau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cacau, L. T. et al. Development and validation of an index based on EAT-Lancet recommendations: The Planetary Health Diet Index. Nutrients https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13051698 (2021).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"93835_CR37","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.amar.org.ir\/"},{"key":"93835_CR38","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.cbi.ir\/InflationCalculator\/InflationCalculator_fa.aspx (2024)."},{"key":"93835_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","volume":"35","author":"CL Craig","year":"2003","unstructured":"Craig, C. L. et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 35, 1381\u20131395 (2003).","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"93835_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.5812\/asjsm.34781","volume":"2","author":"A Vasheghani-Farahani","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vasheghani-Farahani, A. et al. The Persian, last 7-day, long form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire: translation and validation study. Asian J. Sports Med. 2, 106 (2011).","journal-title":"Asian J. Sports Med."},{"key":"93835_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000864","volume":"29","author":"MB Mathur","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mathur, M. B., Ding, P., Riddell, C. A. & VanderWeele, T. J. Web site and R package for computing E-values. Epidemiology 29, e45\u2013e47 (2018).","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"93835_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607","volume":"167","author":"TJ VanderWeele","year":"2017","unstructured":"VanderWeele, T. J. & Ding, P. Sensitivity analysis in observational research: Introducing the E-value. Ann. Intern. Med. 167, 268\u2013274 (2017).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"93835_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980099000683","volume":"2","author":"J Cade","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cade, J., Upmeier, H., Calvert, C. & Greenwood, D. Costs of a healthy diet: analysis from the UK Women\u2019s Cohort Study. Public Health Nutr. 2, 505\u2013512. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1368980099000683 (1999).","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2014-204039","volume":"68","author":"MA Morris","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morris, M. A., Hulme, C., Clarke, G. P., Edwards, K. L. & Cade, J. E. What is the cost of a healthy diet? Using diet data from the UK Women\u2019s Cohort Study. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 68, 1043\u20131049. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech-2014-204039 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"key":"93835_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1815","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.7.1815","volume":"137","author":"M Maillot","year":"2007","unstructured":"Maillot, M., Darmon, N., Darmon, M., Lafay, L. & Drewnowski, A. Nutrient-dense food groups have high energy costs: an econometric approach to nutrient profiling. J. Nutr. 137, 1815\u20131820. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/137.7.1815 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1107573","author":"A Mendoza-Vel\u00e1zquez","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mendoza-Vel\u00e1zquez, A., Guzm\u00e1n-Rodr\u00edguez, M., Lara-Ar\u00e9valo, J. & Drewnowski, A. The Nutrient Rich Food Price Index: a nutrition-relevant adaptation of the Laspeyres price index to track the cost of affordable nutrient density. Front. Nutr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2023.1107573 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jada.2005.09.005","volume":"105","author":"N Darmon","year":"2005","unstructured":"Darmon, N., Darmon, M., Maillot, M. & Drewnowski, A. A nutrient density standard for vegetables and fruits: nutrients per calorie and nutrients per unit cost. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 105, 1881\u20131887. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jada.2005.09.005 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"key":"93835_CR48","first-page":"280","volume":"42","author":"AJ McDermott","year":"2010","unstructured":"McDermott, A. J. & Stephens, M. B. Cost of eating: whole foods versus convenience foods in a low-income model. Fam. Med. 42, 280\u2013284 (2010).","journal-title":"Fam. Med."},{"key":"93835_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980007000213","volume":"10","author":"K Murakami","year":"2007","unstructured":"Murakami, K. et al. Monetary costs of dietary energy reported by young Japanese women: association with food and nutrient intake and body mass index. Public Health Nutr. 10, 1430\u20131439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1368980007000213 (2007).","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/s0002-8223(02)90014-3","volume":"102","author":"J Burney","year":"2002","unstructured":"Burney, J. & Haughton, B. EFNEP: a nutrition education program that demonstrates cost-benefit. J. Am. Diet. Assoc. 102, 39\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-8223(02)90014-3 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Am. Diet. Assoc."},{"key":"93835_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2444","volume":"30","author":"AM Ottelin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ottelin, A. M. et al. Costs of a self-selected, health-promoting diet among the participants of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Diabetes Care 30, 1275\u20131277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc06-2444 (2007).","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"93835_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/138.1.54","volume":"138","author":"J Goulet","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goulet, J., Lamarche, B. & Lemieux, S. A nutritional intervention promoting a Mediterranean food pattern does not affect total daily dietary cost in North American women in free-living conditions. J. Nutr. 138, 54\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jn\/138.1.54 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR53","unstructured":"Carlson, A. A. F., Elizabeth. Are healthy foods really more expensive? It depends on how you measure the price. USDA-ERS Econ. Inf. Bull. 96."},{"key":"93835_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Frazao, E., Carlson, A. & Stewart, H. Energy-adjusted food costs make little economic sense. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 93, 861 (author reply 862\u2013863). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.110.009639 (2011).","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.009639"},{"key":"93835_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27960","volume":"90","author":"E Frazao","year":"2009","unstructured":"Frazao, E. Less-energy-dense diets of low-income women in California are associated with higher energy-adjusted costs but not with higher daily diet costs. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 90, 701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27960 (2009).","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/JHAD.92358","author":"E Hojaji","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hojaji, E., Sadeghian, S. & Pouraram, H. Cost estimating of providing desired food basket for the Iranian society and its situation in the last 3 years. Health Dev. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/JHAD.92358 (2022).","journal-title":"Health Dev. J."},{"key":"93835_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s40100-022-00224-9","volume":"10","author":"DF Pais","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pais, D. F., Marques, A. C. & Fuinhas, J. A. The cost of healthier and more sustainable food choices: Do plant-based consumers spend more on food?. Agric. Food Econ. 10, 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40100-022-00224-9 (2022).","journal-title":"Agric. Food Econ."},{"key":"93835_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161422","volume":"11","author":"H Schr\u00f6der","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6der, H. et al. Monetary diet cost, diet quality, and parental socioeconomic status in Spanish youth. PLoS One 11, e0161422. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0161422 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"93835_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1017\/s0007114517003993","volume":"119","author":"TYN Tong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tong, T. Y. N. et al. Dietary cost associated with adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and its variation by socio-economic factors in the UK Fenland Study. Br. J. Nutr. 119, 685\u2013694. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0007114517003993 (2018).","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3306","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980016001695","volume":"19","author":"H Okubo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Okubo, H., Murakami, K. & Sasaki, S. Monetary value of self-reported diets and associations with sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake among Japanese adults: analysis of nationally representative surveys. Public Health Nutr. 19, 3306\u20133318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1368980016001695 (2016).","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140905","volume":"10","author":"MA Beydoun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Beydoun, M. A. et al. Monetary value of diet is associated with dietary quality and nutrient adequacy among urban adults, differentially by sex, race and poverty status. PLoS One 10, e0140905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0140905 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"93835_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1017\/s1368980012004715","volume":"16","author":"R An","year":"2013","unstructured":"An, R. Effectiveness of subsidies in promoting healthy food purchases and consumption: a review of field experiments. Public Health Nutr. 16, 1215\u20131228. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1368980012004715 (2013).","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"93835_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1177\/0260106014537146","volume":"22","author":"H Zhu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhu, H. & An, R. Impact of home-delivered meal programs on diet and nutrition among older adults: a review. Nutr. Health 22, 89\u2013103 (2013).","journal-title":"Nutr. Health"},{"key":"93835_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-017-0461-7","volume":"14","author":"P Ducrot","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ducrot, P. et al. Meal planning is associated with food variety, diet quality and body weight status in a large sample of French adults. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Activity 14, 1\u201312 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Activity"},{"key":"93835_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)31236-x","volume":"394","author":"A Knuppel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Knuppel, A., Papier, K., Key, T. J. & Travis, R. C. EAT-Lancet score and major health outcomes: the EPIC-Oxford study. Lancet 394, 213\u2013214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)31236-x (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"93835_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010093","author":"L Trijsburg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Trijsburg, L. et al. Method for the development of WISH, a Globally Applicable Index for healthy diets from sustainable food systems. Nutrients https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13010093 (2020).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"93835_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-020-00552-w","volume":"19","author":"Z Conrad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Conrad, Z. Daily cost of consumer food wasted, inedible, and consumed in the United States, 2001\u20132016. Nutr. J. 19, 35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12937-020-00552-w (2020).","journal-title":"Nutr. J."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-93835-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-93835-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-93835-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]],"date-time":"2025-03-20T17:07:20Z","timestamp":1742490440000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-93835-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"references-count":67,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["93835"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-93835-3","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-4919309\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9586"}}