{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T23:40:10Z","timestamp":1743291610499,"version":"3.40.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743206400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009399","name":"Peking University Third Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BYSYZD2021008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BYSYZD2021008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009399","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Office of the Central Health Commission","award":["2020YB02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YB02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-94207-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T23:08:16Z","timestamp":1743289696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A reference equation for peak oxygen uptake for cycle ergometry in Chinese adult participants"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jinan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunlin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yifang","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanxin","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dingding","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yida","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"94207_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2017.02.006","volume":"60","author":"X Sui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sui, X., Sarzynski, M. A., Lee, D. C. & Kokkinos, P. F. Impact of changes in cardiorespiratory fitness on hypertension, dyslipidemia and survival: An overview of the epidemiological evidence. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 60, 56\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcad.2017.02.006 (2017).","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"94207_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.118.312669","volume":"124","author":"CJ Lavie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lavie, C. J., Ozemek, C., Carbone, S., Katzmarzyk, P. T. & Blair, S. N. Sedentary behavior, exercise, and cardiovascular health. Circ. Res. 124, 799\u2013815. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circresaha.118.312669 (2019).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"94207_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.02.036","volume":"130","author":"JK Ehrman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ehrman, J. K. et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness change and mortality risk among black and white patients: Henry ford exercise testing (FIT) project. Am. J. Med. 130, 1177\u20131183. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.02.036 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"94207_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcy018","volume":"4","author":"A De Schutter","year":"2018","unstructured":"De Schutter, A. et al. Cardiac rehabilitation fitness changes and subsequent survival. Eur. Heart J. Qual. Care Clin. Outcomes 4, 173\u2013179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjqcco\/qcy018 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Qual. Care Clin. Outcomes"},{"key":"94207_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.03.009","volume":"88","author":"BA Franklin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Franklin, B. A., Lavie, C. J., Squires, R. W. & Milani, R. V. Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation and improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness: implications regarding patient benefit. Mayo Clin. Proc. 88, 431\u2013437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.03.009 (2013).","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"94207_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e653","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.0000000000000461","volume":"134","author":"R Ross","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ross, R. et al. Importance of assessing cardiorespiratory fitness in clinical practice: A case for fitness as a clinical vital sign: A scientific statement from the american heart association. Circulation 134, e653\u2013e699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/cir.0000000000000461 (2016).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"94207_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1161\/circresaha.117.305205","volume":"117","author":"CJ Lavie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lavie, C. J. et al. Exercise and the cardiovascular system: clinical science and cardiovascular outcomes. Circul. Res. 117, 207\u2013219. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circresaha.117.305205 (2015).","journal-title":"Circul. Res."},{"key":"94207_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw180","volume":"39","author":"M Guazzi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Guazzi, M. et al. 2016 focused update: clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations. Eur. Heart J. 39, 1144\u20131161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehw180 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"94207_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.5935\/abc.20160171","volume":"107","author":"AH Herdy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Herdy, A. H. et al. Cardiopulmonary exercise test: Background, applicability and interpretation. Arqu. Brasileiros de Cardiol. 107, 467\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5935\/abc.20160171 (2016).","journal-title":"Arqu. Brasileiros de Cardiol."},{"key":"94207_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.2166","volume":"72","author":"MT Imboden","year":"2018","unstructured":"Imboden, M. T. et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness and mortality in healthy men and women. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 72, 2283\u20132292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.08.2166 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"94207_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2018.10.003","volume":"62","author":"LA Kaminsky","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kaminsky, L. A., Myers, J. & Arena, R. Determining cardiorespiratory fitness with precision: Compendium of findings from the FRIEND registry. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 62, 76\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcad.2018.10.003 (2019).","journal-title":"Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"94207_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1732","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000003463","volume":"56","author":"M Vecchiato","year":"2024","unstructured":"Vecchiato, M. et al. Comparison of cardiorespiratory fitness prediction equations and generation of new predictive model for patients with obesity. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 56, 1732\u20131739. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/mss.0000000000003463 (2024).","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"94207_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/life13010160","author":"I Jurov","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jurov, I., Topli\u0161ek, J. & Cviji\u0107, M. Prediction of maximal oxygen consumption in cycle ergometry in competitive cyclists. Life https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/life13010160 (2023).","journal-title":"Life"},{"key":"94207_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00074208","volume":"33","author":"B Koch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koch, B. et al. Reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in healthy volunteers: the SHIP study. Eur. Respir. J. 33, 389\u2013397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.00074208 (2009).","journal-title":"Eur. Respir. J."},{"key":"94207_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487318763958","volume":"25","author":"ESCG de Souza","year":"2018","unstructured":"de Souza, E. S. C. G. et al. A reference equation for maximal aerobic power for treadmill and cycle ergometer exercise testing: Analysis from the FRIEND registry. Eur. J. Prevent. Cardiol. 25, 742\u2013750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487318763958 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Prevent. Cardiol."},{"key":"94207_CR16","unstructured":"Wasserman, K., et al. W. Principles of exercise testing and interpretation including pathophysiology and clinical aplications. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012)."},{"key":"94207_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22078","volume":"26","author":"K K\u00f6nigstein","year":"2018","unstructured":"K\u00f6nigstein, K. et al. The obesity factor: How cardiorespiratory fitness is estimated more accurately in people with obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) 26, 291\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.22078 (2018).","journal-title":"Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)"},{"key":"94207_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","volume":"335","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm, E. et al. Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. BMJ (Clin. Res. Ed.) 335, 806\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD (2007).","journal-title":"BMJ (Clin. Res. Ed.)"},{"key":"94207_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 310, 2191\u20132194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.281053 (2013).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"94207_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181e52e69","volume":"122","author":"GJ Balady","year":"2010","unstructured":"Balady, G. J. et al. Clinician\u2019s Guide to cardiopulmonary exercise testing in adults: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation 122, 191\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181e52e69 (2010).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"94207_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-018-1020-3","volume":"49","author":"T Abe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abe, T., Loenneke, J. P. & Thiebaud, R. S. Fat-free adipose tissue mass: impact on peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)) in adolescents with and without obesity. Sports Med. (Auckland N.Z.) 49, 9\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-018-1020-3 (2019).","journal-title":"Sports Med. (Auckland N.Z.)"},{"key":"94207_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.86291","author":"S Wiecha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wiecha, S. et al. VO(2max) prediction based on submaximal cardiorespiratory relationships and body composition in male runners and cyclists: a population study. eLife https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.86291 (2023).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"94207_CR23","first-page":"45","volume":"51","author":"YM Hu","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hu, Y. M. et al. Study of formula for calculating body surface areas of the Chinese adults. Sheng li xue bao\u202f: [Acta physiol. Sin.] 51, 45\u201348 (1999).","journal-title":"Sheng li xue bao : [Acta physiol. Sin.]"},{"key":"94207_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757954","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1757954","volume":"2019","author":"J Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, J., Shang, J., Guo, B., Gong, J. & Xu, H. Establishment of prediction equations of lean body mass suitable for Chinese adults. BioMed Res. Int. 2019, 1757954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/1757954 (2019).","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"94207_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.03.013","volume":"332","author":"Y Dun","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dun, Y. et al. Characteristics and reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the adult Chinese population\u2014The Xiangya hospital exercise testing project (the X-ET project). Int. J. Cardiol. 332, 15\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.03.013 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"94207_CR26","first-page":"83","volume":"15","author":"BF Zhou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Zhou, B. F. Predictive values of body mass index and waist circumference for risk factors of certain related diseases in Chinese adults\u2013study on optimal cut-off points of body mass index and waist circumference in Chinese adults. Biomed. Environ. Sci. BES 15, 83\u201396 (2002).","journal-title":"Biomed. Environ. Sci. BES"},{"key":"94207_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31829b5b44","volume":"128","author":"GF Fletcher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fletcher, G. F. et al. Exercise standards for testing and training: a scientific statement from the American heart association. Circulation 128, 873\u2013934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIR.0b013e31829b5b44 (2013).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"94207_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.12-1458","volume":"144","author":"E Edvardsen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Edvardsen, E., Hansen, B. H., Holme, I. M., Dyrstad, S. M. & Anderssen, S. A. Reference values for cardiorespiratory response and fitness on the treadmill in a 20- to 85-year-old population. Chest 144, 241\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1378\/chest.12-1458 (2013).","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"94207_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.2014.985657","volume":"12","author":"D Paap","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paap, D. & Takken, T. Reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in healthy adults: a systematic review. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 12, 1439\u20131453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1586\/14779072.2014.985657 (2014).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther."},{"key":"94207_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1080\/14779072.2019.1627874","volume":"17","author":"T Takken","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takken, T. et al. Reference values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in healthy subjects\u2014An updated systematic review. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 17, 413\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14779072.2019.1627874 (2019).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther."},{"key":"94207_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S15","DOI":"10.1177\/0022146510383838","volume":"51","author":"DR Williams","year":"2010","unstructured":"Williams, D. R. & Sternthal, M. Understanding racial-ethnic disparities in health: sociological contributions. J. Health Soc. Behav. 51, S15-27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0022146510383838 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Health Soc. Behav."},{"key":"94207_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E519","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1994.266.4.E519","volume":"266","author":"K Wasserman","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wasserman, K. Coupling of external to cellular respiration during exercise: the wisdom of the body revisited. Am. J. Physiol. 266, E519-539. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.1994.266.4.E519 (1994).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"94207_CR33","first-page":"295","volume":"31","author":"XG Sun","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun, X. G. New theory of holistic integrative physiology and medicine. I: New insight of mechanism of control and regulation of breathing. Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi Chin. J. Appl. Physiol. 31, 295\u2013301 (2015).","journal-title":"Zhongguo ying yong sheng li xue za zhi Zhongguo yingyong shenglixue zazhi Chin. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"94207_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13258","volume":"23","author":"R Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yan, R. et al. Ethnic differences in spirometry measurements in China: Results from a large community-based epidemiological study. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) 23, 704\u2013713. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/resp.13258 (2018).","journal-title":"Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)"},{"key":"94207_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2002.00393.x","volume":"7","author":"KC Ong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ong, K. C. et al. Predictive values for cardiopulmonary exercise testing in sedentary Chinese adults. Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) 7, 225\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1440-1843.2002.00393.x (2002).","journal-title":"Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)"},{"key":"94207_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11164904","author":"Y Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Normal references of peak oxygen uptake for cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing in chinese adults. J. Clin. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm11164904 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"key":"94207_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2021.08.020","volume":"97","author":"LA Kaminsky","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaminsky, L. A. et al. Updated reference standards for cardiorespiratory fitness measured with cardiopulmonary exercise testing: data from the fitness registry and the importance of exercise national database (FRIEND). Mayo Clin. Proc. 97, 285\u2013293. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mayocp.2021.08.020 (2022).","journal-title":"Mayo Clin. Proc."},{"key":"94207_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-015-0318-7","volume":"45","author":"T Ceaser","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ceaser, T. & Hunter, G. Black and white race differences in aerobic capacity, muscle fiber type, and their influence on metabolic processes. Sports Med. (Auckland, N.Z.) 45, 615\u2013623. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40279-015-0318-7 (2015).","journal-title":"Sports Med. (Auckland, N.Z.)"},{"key":"94207_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.9902063","volume":"161","author":"B Korotzer","year":"2000","unstructured":"Korotzer, B., Ong, S. & Hansen, J. E. Ethnic differences in pulmonary function in healthy nonsmoking Asian-Americans and European-Americans. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 161, 1101\u20131108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/ajrccm.161.4.9902063 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"94207_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.5935\/abc.20140137","volume":"103","author":"AE Almeida","year":"2014","unstructured":"Almeida, A. E. et al. An equation for the prediction of oxygen consumption in a Brazilian population. Arqu. Brasileiros de Cardiol. 103, 299\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5935\/abc.20140137 (2014).","journal-title":"Arqu. Brasileiros de Cardiol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-94207-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-94207-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-94207-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T23:08:32Z","timestamp":1743289712000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-94207-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["94207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-94207-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 March 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"10876"}}