{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:34:15Z","timestamp":1792791255388,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Graduate Innovation Program of Jilin University","award":["2024CX142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024CX142"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00js3aw79","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["U21A20390"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20390"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["823B2059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["823B2059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013061","name":"Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["20230204075YY"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20230204075YY"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013061","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-95740-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]],"date-time":"2025-06-03T23:36:00Z","timestamp":1748993760000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Causal relationship between immune cells and osteoporosis based on genetic prediction: a bidirectional two-sample mediated Mendelian randomization analysis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehao","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yichuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiongfeng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanguo","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00036.2016","volume":"97","author":"K Okamoto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Okamoto, K. et al. Osteoimmunology: The conceptual framework unifying the immune and skeletal systems. Physiol. Rev. 97(4), 1295\u20131349 (2017).","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"10329","key":"95740_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02646-5","volume":"399","author":"IR Reid","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reid, I. R. & Billington, E. O. Drug therapy for osteoporosis in older adults. Lancet 399(10329), 1080\u20131092 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10169","key":"95740_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32112-3","volume":"393","author":"JE Compston","year":"2019","unstructured":"Compston, J. E., McClung, M. R. & Leslie, W. D. Osteoporosis. Lancet 393(10169), 364\u2013376 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"95740_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.7326\/M22-1034","volume":"176","author":"A Qaseem","year":"2023","unstructured":"Qaseem, A. et al. Pharmacologic treatment of primary osteoporosis or low bone mass to prevent fractures in adults: A living clinical guideline from the American College of Physicians. Ann. Intern. Med. 176(2), 224\u2013238 (2023).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.11.013","volume":"40","author":"TJ M\u00e4kinen","year":"2007","unstructured":"M\u00e4kinen, T. J. et al. The incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in women with hip osteoarthritis scheduled for cementless total joint replacement. Bone 40(4), 1041\u20131047 (2007).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-023-06695-w","volume":"34","author":"N Binkley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Binkley, N., Nickel, B. & Anderson, P. A. Periprosthetic fractures: An unrecognized osteoporosis crisis. Osteoporos. Int. 34(6), 1055\u20131064 (2023).","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"95740_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, Y. B., et al. Total knee arthroplasty and periprosthetic distal femoral fracture: Looking beyond the osteoporosis to previous osteoporotic fracture. Osteoporosis International, 2024.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-024-07138-w"},{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2062","volume":"7","author":"H Takayanagi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takayanagi, H. Osteoimmunology: Shared mechanisms and crosstalk between the immune and bone systems. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 7(4), 292\u2013304 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"6812","key":"95740_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/35046196","volume":"408","author":"JR Arron","year":"2000","unstructured":"Arron, J. R. & Choi, Y. Bone versus immune system. Nature 408(6812), 535\u2013536 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"95740_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2021.05.014","volume":"123","author":"V Fischer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fischer, V. & Haffner-Luntzer, M. Interaction between bone and immune cells: Implications for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Semin. Cell Dev. Biol. 123, 14\u201321 (2022).","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"95740_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Srivastava, R. K., Dar, H. Y., and Mishra, P. K. Immunoporosis: Immunology of osteoporosis\u2014role of T cells. Front. Immunol. 2018. 9.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00657"},{"issue":"20","key":"95740_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8987","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.2c00749","volume":"144","author":"H Fu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fu, H. et al. Acid neutralization and immune regulation by calcium\u2013aluminum-layered double hydroxide for osteoporosis reversion. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 144(20), 8987\u20138999 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"issue":"1","key":"95740_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e23675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e23675","volume":"10","author":"P Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao, P. et al. Identification of the transcriptome signatures and immune-inflammatory responses in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Heliyon 10(1), e23675 (2024).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"95740_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, S., et al. Early changes of bone metabolites and lymphocyte subsets may participate in osteoporosis onset: A preliminary study of a postmenopausal osteoporosis mouse model. Front. Endocrinol. 2024. 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1323647"},{"key":"95740_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143391","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2023.143391","volume":"467","author":"Z Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang, Z. et al. Nanoengineering multifunctional extracellular vesicles availably mitigate bone loss in osteoporosis through binding to RANKL and rebalancing the Treg\/Th17 cells. Chem. Eng. J. 467, 143391 (2023).","journal-title":"Chem. Eng. J."},{"key":"95740_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115951","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2023.115951","volume":"219","author":"X Cai","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cai, X. et al. Glycolithocholic acid increases the frequency of circulating Tregs through constitutive androstane receptor to alleviate postmenopausal osteoporosis. Biochem. Pharmacol. 219, 115951 (2024).","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"95740_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zou, X., et al. Promising therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke identified from plasma and cerebrospinal fluid proteomes: A multicenter Mendelian randomization study. Int. J. Surg. 2024. 110(2).","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000000922"},{"issue":"3","key":"95740_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1097\/JS9.0000000000001041","volume":"110","author":"F Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, F., Xiong, Y. & Zhang, B. Causal effects of gut microbiota on renal tumor: A Mendelian randomization study. Int. J. Surg. 110(3), 1870\u20131872 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"95740_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, D. Q., et al. An exploration of the causal relationship between 731 immunophenotypes and osteoporosis: A bidirectional Mendelian randomized study. Front. Endocrinol. 2024. 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1341002"},{"issue":"D1","key":"95740_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D633","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkad914","volume":"52","author":"J Gao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gao, J. et al. MACC: A visual interactive knowledgebase of metabolite-associated cell communications. Nucleic Acids Res. 52(D1), D633\u2013D639 (2023).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"95740_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-065X.2009.00773.x","volume":"229","author":"JR Podojil","year":"2009","unstructured":"Podojil, J. R. & Miller, S. D. Molecular mechanisms of T-cell receptor and costimulatory molecule ligation\/blockade in autoimmune disease therapy. Immunol. Rev. 229, 337\u2013355 (2009).","journal-title":"Immunol. Rev."},{"key":"95740_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, R. R., et al. The immune factors have complex causal regulation effects on bone mineral density. Front. Immunol. 2022. 13.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.959417"},{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005101119","volume":"17","author":"SM Bode-B\u00f6ger","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bode-B\u00f6ger, S. M. et al. Symmetrical dimethylarginine: A new combined parameter for renal function and extent of coronary artery disease. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 17(4), 1128\u20131134 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.2337\/db23-0805","volume":"73","author":"S Peschard","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peschard, S. et al. Genetic evidence of causal relation between intestinal glucose absorption and early postprandial glucose response: A Mendelian randomization study. Diabetes 73(6), 983\u2013992 (2024).","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"1","key":"95740_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11993","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62695-8","volume":"14","author":"J Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, J. et al. Blood lipid levels mediating the effects of sex hormone-binding globulin on coronary heart disease: Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis. Sci. Rep. 14(1), 11993 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"95740_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-020-0684-4","volume":"52","author":"V Orr\u00f9","year":"2020","unstructured":"Orr\u00f9, V. et al. Complex genetic signatures in immune cells underlie autoimmunity and inform therapy. Nat. Genet. 52(10), 1036\u20131045 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.124.046249","volume":"55","author":"SC Larsson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Larsson, S. C. et al. Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage: Genome-wide association study and mendelian randomization analyses. Stroke 55(6), 1582\u20131591 (2024).","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"1","key":"95740_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01270-1","volume":"55","author":"Y Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. Genomic atlas of the plasma metabolome prioritizes metabolites implicated in human diseases. Nat. Genet. 55(1), 44\u201353 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"95740_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, A., Zhang, J. Causal role of immune cells in psoriasis: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Front. Immunol. 2024. 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1326717"},{"key":"95740_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2024.172234","volume":"928","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, Y. & Yang, Z. The causal effect of exposure to air pollution on risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: A two-sample Mendelian randomisation study. Sci. Total Environ. 928, 172234 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"issue":"5","key":"95740_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2022.04.001","volume":"109","author":"V Zuber","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zuber, V. et al. Combining evidence from Mendelian randomization and colocalization: Review and comparison of approaches. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 109(5), 767\u2013782 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2023.12.003","volume":"32","author":"MK Sobczyk","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sobczyk, M. K. et al. Causal relationships between anthropometric traits, bone mineral density, osteoarthritis and spinal stenosis: A Mendelian randomisation investigation. Osteoarthritis Cartil. 32(6), 719\u2013729 (2024).","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartil."},{"key":"95740_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2024.112132","volume":"133","author":"S Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, S. et al. Roles of blood metabolites in mediating the relationship between vitiligo and autoimmune diseases: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study. Int. Immunopharmacol. 133, 112132 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"issue":"11","key":"95740_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e29266","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.29266","volume":"95","author":"Q Liao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liao, Q. et al. Mendelian randomization study on the causal effect of serum IgA levels on H7N9 avian influenza A virus susceptibility. J. Med. Virol. 95(11), e29266 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1801106","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.201801106","volume":"8","author":"J Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee, J. et al. Current advances in immunomodulatory biomaterials for bone regeneration. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 8(4), 1801106 (2019).","journal-title":"Adv. Healthcare Mater."},{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223817","volume":"83","author":"A Puchner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Puchner, A. et al. Bona fide dendritic cells are pivotal precursors for osteoclasts. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 83(4), 518 (2024).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"95740_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116296","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116296","volume":"168","author":"D Gr\u010devi\u0107","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gr\u010devi\u0107, D., Sanjay, A. & Lorenzo, J. Interactions of B-lymphocytes and bone cells in health and disease. Bone 168, 116296 (2023).","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"9","key":"95740_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3839","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-07-037994","volume":"109","author":"Y Li","year":"2007","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. B cells and T cells are critical for the preservation of bone homeostasis and attainment of peak bone mass in vivo. Blood 109(9), 3839\u20133848 (2007).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"95740_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, W., et al. B cells inhibit bone formation in rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing osteoblast differentiation. Nature Commun. 2018. 9(1).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07626-8"},{"issue":"2","key":"95740_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-007-0452-7","volume":"19","author":"P Taxel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taxel, P. et al. Estradiol rapidly inhibits osteoclastogenesis and RANKL expression in bone marrow cultures in postmenopausal women: a pilot study. Osteoporos. Int. 19(2), 193\u2013199 (2008).","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1177\/1557988317721642","volume":"11","author":"Y-J Su","year":"2017","unstructured":"Su, Y.-J. et al. The role of monocyte percentage in osteoporosis in male rheumatic diseases. Am. J. Mens Health 11(6), 1772\u20131780 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Mens Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"95740_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181fa94d6","volume":"91","author":"G Opelz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Opelz, G. & D\u00f6hler, B. Association of mismatches for HLA-DR with incidence of posttransplant hip fracture in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation 91(1), 65\u201369 (2011).","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"issue":"11","key":"95740_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(17)30184-5","volume":"5","author":"R Eastell","year":"2017","unstructured":"Eastell, R. & Szulc, P. Use of bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 5(11), 908\u2013923 (2017).","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"issue":"34","key":"95740_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e16793","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016793","volume":"98","author":"K Gao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gao, K. et al. The predictive role of monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio in osteoporosis patient. Medicine 98(34), e16793 (2019).","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"95740_CR45","unstructured":"Puchner, A., et al. Bona fide dendritic cells are pivotal precursors for osteoclasts. Ann. Rheumat. Dis. 2023."},{"key":"95740_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi, X.L., et al. N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 suppresses osteoblast differentiation through inactivating Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 2022. 13(1).","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02714-5"},{"key":"95740_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, T. T., et al. Stephanine protects against osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclastogenesis via inhibition of the RANKL-RANK interaction. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2024; 28(23).","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.70256"},{"issue":"7","key":"95740_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1093\/jbmr\/zjae065","volume":"39","author":"L Tao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tao, L. et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that an imbalance in monocyte subsets rather than changes in gene expression patterns is a feature of postmenopausal osteoporosis. J. Bone Miner. Res. 39(7), 980\u2013993 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Bone Miner. Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"95740_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.04.035","volume":"39","author":"RYH Leung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Leung, R. Y. H. et al. Serum metabolomic profiling and its association with 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Clin. Nutr. 39(4), 1179\u20131187 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"95740_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mac\u00eado, A. P. A., et al. 12,13-diHOME as a new therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. Life Sci. 2022. 290.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120229"},{"key":"95740_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choi, S. J., et al. 2,4-Di--butylphenol from sweet potato protects against oxidative stress in PC12 cells and in Mice. J. Med. Food 2013; 16(11), 977\u2013983.","DOI":"10.1089\/jmf.2012.2739"},{"key":"95740_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2825","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S316262","volume":"14","author":"SZ Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao, S. Z. et al. The association between inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and plasma metabolites in a longitudinal study of healthy male welders. J. Inflamm. Res. 14, 2825\u20132839 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Inflamm. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"95740_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-04892-0","volume":"30","author":"J Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. Discovery of potential biomarkers for osteoporosis using LC-MS\/MS metabolomic methods. Osteoporos. Int. 30(7), 1491\u20131499 (2019).","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"95740_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tokarz, J., et al. Common muscle metabolic signatures highlight arginine and lysine metabolism as potential therapeutic targets to combat unhealthy aging. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021. 22(15).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22157958"},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR55","first-page":"1060","volume":"1831","author":"A Gomez-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gomez-Mu\u00f1oz, A. et al. New insights on the role of ceramide 1-phosphate in inflammation. BBA-Mol. Cell Biol. L. 1831(6), 1060\u20131066 (2013).","journal-title":"BBA-Mol. Cell Biol. L."},{"issue":"5","key":"95740_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1002\/jimd.12664","volume":"46","author":"C Vianey-Saban","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vianey-Saban, C. et al. Fifty years of research on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorders: The remaining challenges. J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 46(5), 848\u2013873 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Inherit. Metab. Dis."},{"key":"95740_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lu, Y., et al. Gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and osteoporosis: unraveling links via Mendelian randomization. Front. Microbiol. 2024. 15.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2024.1433892"},{"key":"95740_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ballesteros, J., Rivas, D., Duque, G. The role of the kynurenine pathway in the pathophysiology of frailty, sarcopenia, and osteoporosis. Nutrients, 2023. 15(14).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15143132"},{"issue":"1","key":"95740_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13525-3","volume":"10","author":"M Takakura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takakura, M. et al. Biogenesis and functions of aminocarboxypropyluridine in tRNA. Nat. Commun. 10(1), 5542 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"12","key":"95740_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.10.012","volume":"16","author":"Y Ito","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ito, Y. et al. CD62L expression level determines the cell fate of myeloid progenitors. Stem Cell Rep. 16(12), 2871\u20132886 (2021).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"95740_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molek, P., et al. The shifted balance of arginine metabolites in patients with acute myocardial infarction and its association with the composition of the infarct-related culprit lesion. Circulation, 2021. 144.","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.144.suppl_1.13267"},{"key":"95740_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, D., et al. Gut microbial alterations in arginine metabolism determine bone mechanical adaptation. Cell Metabolism, 2024. 36(6).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2024.04.004"},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2205336","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202205336","volume":"10","author":"J-K Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee, J.-K. et al. Nitric oxide-releasing bioinspired scaffold for exquisite regeneration of osteoporotic bone via regulation of homeostasis. Adv. Sci. 10(6), 2205336 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"95740_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2011.01.006","volume":"879","author":"S Shin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Shin, S. et al. Simultaneous bioanalysis of l-arginine, l-citrulline, and dimethylarginines by LC\u2013MS\/MS. J. Chromatogr. B 879(7), 467\u2013474 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"issue":"6","key":"95740_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1007\/s10337-018-3520-6","volume":"81","author":"MG Fleszar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fleszar, M. G. et al. Quantitative analysis of l-arginine, dimethylated arginine derivatives, l-citrulline, and dimethylamine in human serum using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric method. Chromatographia 81(6), 911\u2013921 (2018).","journal-title":"Chromatographia"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-95740-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-95740-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-95740-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T01:02:33Z","timestamp":1748998953000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-95740-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["95740"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-95740-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"19524"}}