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Therefore, conducting molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> strains in both cats and humans in Egypt is crucial. 108 feline and 101 human urine samples were collected and subjected to routine microbiological isolation and molecular identification of <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. Subsequently, phenotypic antimicrobial sensitivity patterns and molecular identification of classical virulence, hypervirulence, and carbapenem resistance genes were examined. A total of 46 <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> isolates were recovered, comprising 43.4% (23 out of 53) from diseased humans, 4.17% (2 out of 48) from healthy humans, 22.95% (14 out of 61) from diseased felines, and 14.89% (7 out of 47) from healthy felines. The detection rates for narrow drug-resistant (NDR), multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan drug-resistant (PDR) strains were 41.30%, 54.35%, 2.17%, and 2.17%, respectively. The distribution rates for <jats:italic>mrKD<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>entB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>K2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Kfu<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>MagA<\/jats:italic> genes were 76.1%, 82.6%, 8.7%, 13.0%, and 0%, respectively. In addition, the distribution of hypervirulence genes was 41.3%, 36.9%, 13.0%, 10.9%, and 17.4% for <jats:italic>iucA<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>iroB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Peg344<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>rmPA<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>rmPA2<\/jats:italic>, respectively, and 43.5%, 30.4%, 19.6%, and 52.2% for <jats:italic>NDM<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>OXA-48<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>VIM<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>KPC<\/jats:italic> resistance genes, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the <jats:italic>entB<\/jats:italic> gene from four recovered strains revealed a relationship between feline strains and other human strains. In conclusion, this study focused on the molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant <jats:italic>K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> in companion cats and humans in Egypt.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-96147-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T11:54:23Z","timestamp":1744718063000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evidence of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in cats with urinary affections and associated humans in Egypt"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Hashem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Abdel-Kader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elshaimaa","family":"Ismael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayah M.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manar M.","family":"Farouk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Elhariri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rehab","family":"Elhelw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"96147_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. https:\/\/www.who.int\/newsroom\/factsheets\/detail\/antimicrobial~resistance (Accessed 29 April 2022) (2022)."},{"key":"96147_CR2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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