{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T23:13:09Z","timestamp":1792624389062,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]],"date-time":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743724800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-96565-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T02:25:41Z","timestamp":1743819941000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Dynamic monitoring of M-protein quantification by immunotyping using capillary zone electrophoresis during the chemotherapy of patients with multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhongwei","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"96565_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2141.2003.04355.x","volume":"121","author":"International Myeloma Working Group","year":"2003","unstructured":"International Myeloma Working Group. Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the international myeloma working group. Br. J. Haematol. 121 (5), 749\u2013757 (2003). PMID: 12780789.","journal-title":"Br. J. Haematol."},{"issue":"12","key":"96565_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(14)70442-5","volume":"15","author":"SV Rajkumar","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rajkumar, S. V. et al. International myeloma working group updated criteria for the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 15 (12), 538\u2013548 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"issue":"4","key":"96565_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/13506129.2016.1232647","volume":"23","author":"K Miyazaki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miyazaki, K. & Suzuki, K. Capillary electrophoresis\/immunosubtraction as a better alternative to immunofixation for detecting and immunotyping serum monoclonal proteins in patients with Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis. Amyloid 23 (4), 221\u2013224 (2016).","journal-title":"Amyloid"},{"key":"96565_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2022.05.011","volume":"107","author":"H Cho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cho, H. et al. Assessment of M-protein quantification using capillary electrophoresis and immunosubtraction-based integration in clinical samples with low M-protein concentrations. Clin. Biochem. 107, 7\u201312 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"96565_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1373\/jalm.2017.024950","volume":"2","author":"LF Schroeder","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schroeder, L. F., Huls, F., Williams, C. L., Li, S. H. & Keren, D. F. A novel approach to estimating M-Protein concentration: capillary electrophoresis quantitative Immunosubtraction. J. Appl. Lab. Med. 2, 914\u2013919 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Lab. Med."},{"key":"96565_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e328","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)30206-6","volume":"17","author":"S Kumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kumar, S. et al. International myeloma working group consensus criteria for response and minimal residual disease assessment in multiple myeloma. Lancet Oncol. 17, e328\u2013e346 (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"96565_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6208","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22126208","volume":"22","author":"SKR Mukkamalla","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mukkamalla, S. K. R. & Malipeddi, D. Myeloma bone disease: A comprehensive review. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22, 6208 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"96565_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-23-2767","volume":"30","author":"H Fan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fan, H. et al. Monitoring minimal residual disease in patients with multiple myeloma by targeted tracking serum M-Protein using mass spectrometry (EasyM). Clin. Cancer Res. 30, 1131\u20131142 (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"96565_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.21590","volume":"94","author":"E Alaterre","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alaterre, E. et al. Automated and simplified identification of normal and abnormal plasma cells in multiple myeloma by flow cytometry. Cytometry B Clin. Cytom. 94, 484\u2013492 (2018).","journal-title":"Cytometry B Clin. Cytom"},{"key":"96565_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2022.01.011","volume":"22","author":"MA Dimopoulos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dimopoulos, M. A., Richardson, P. & Lonial, S. Treatment options for patients with heavily pretreated relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 22, 460\u2013473 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk."},{"key":"96565_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.3390\/curroncol30020179","volume":"30","author":"P Bhatt","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bhatt, P., Kloock, C. & Comenzo, R. Relapsed\/Refractory multiple myeloma: A review of available therapies and clinical scenarios encountered in myeloma relapse. Curr. Oncol. 30, 2322\u20132347 (2023).","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol."},{"key":"96565_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-022-05058-5","volume":"102","author":"B Tanenbaum","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanenbaum, B., Miett, T. & Patel, S. A. The emerging therapeutic landscape of relapsed\/refractory multiple myeloma. Ann. Hematol. 102, 1\u201311 (2023).","journal-title":"Ann. Hematol."},{"key":"96565_CR13","first-page":"3","volume":"9","author":"SA Padala","year":"2021","unstructured":"Padala, S. A. et al. Epidemiology, staging, and management of multiple myeloma. Med. Sci. (Basel). 9, 3 (2021).","journal-title":"Med. Sci. (Basel)"},{"key":"96565_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14091784","volume":"14","author":"IV Barreto","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barreto, I. V. et al. Kinase Inhibition in multiple myeloma: current scenario and clinical perspectives. Pharmaceutics 14, 1784 (2022).","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"96565_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfab067","volume":"6","author":"KL Thoren","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thoren, K. L., McCash, S. I. & Murata, K. Immunotyping provides equivalent results to immunofixation in a population with a high prevalence of monoclonal gammopathies. J. Appl. Lab. Med. 6, 1551\u20131560 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Lab. Med."},{"key":"96565_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2016.07.016","volume":"49","author":"AS Rosenberg","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosenberg, A. S., Bainbridge, S., Pahwa, R. & Jialal, I. Investigation into the interference of the monoclonal antibody daratumumab on the free light chain assay. Clin. Biochem. 49, 1202\u20131204 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"96565_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-1031","volume":"54","author":"C McCudden","year":"2016","unstructured":"McCudden, C. et al. Monitoring multiple myeloma patients treated with daratumumab: teasing out monoclonal antibody interference. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 54, 1095\u20131104 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"96565_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-1105","volume":"58","author":"JFM Jacobs","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jacobs, J. F. M. et al. An international multi-center serum protein electrophoresis accuracy and M-protein isotyping study. Part II: limit of detection and follow-up of patients with small M-proteins. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 58, 547\u2013559 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Chem. Lab. Med."},{"key":"96565_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/48.9.1437","volume":"48","author":"JA Katzmann","year":"2002","unstructured":"Katzmann, J. A. et al. Serum reference intervals and diagnostic ranges for free kappa and free lambda Immunoglobulin light chains: relative sensitivity for detection of monoclonal light chains. Clin. Chem. 48, 1437\u20131444 (2002).","journal-title":"Clin. Chem."},{"key":"96565_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-783X-14-2-47","volume":"14","author":"L Kleeberg","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kleeberg, L. et al. Novel renal replacement strategies for the elimination of serum free light chains in patients with kappa light chain nephropathy. Eur. J. Med. Res. 14, 47\u201354 (2009).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-96565-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-96565-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-96565-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T16:46:59Z","timestamp":1744217219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-96565-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["96565"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-96565-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 March 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"11541"}}