{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T05:30:45Z","timestamp":1790141445683,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747180800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97134-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:32:28Z","timestamp":1747182748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The value of nomogram analysis in predicting pulmonary metastasis in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Changyou","family":"Long","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeang","family":"Danzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengqi","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haihua","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"97134_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2020024","volume":"27","author":"DA Vuitton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vuitton, D. A. et al. International consensus on terminology to be used in the field of echinococcoses. Parasite 27, 41 (2020).","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"97134_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9409","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-89101-x","volume":"11","author":"H Guo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guo, H., Liu, W., Wang, J. & Xing, Y. Extrahepatic alveolar Echinococcus on multi-slice computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Sci. Rep. 11, 9409 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"97134_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020276","volume":"11","author":"M Kantarci","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kantarci, M., Aydin, S., Eren, S., Ogul, H. & Akhan, O. Imaging aspects of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: retrospective findings of a surgical center in Turkey. Pathogens 11, 276 (2022).","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"97134_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.11.002","volume":"95","author":"T Romig","year":"2017","unstructured":"Romig, T. et al. Ecology and life cycle patterns of Echinococcus species. Adv. Parasitol. 95, 213\u2013314 (2017).","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"97134_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.09.006","volume":"96","author":"P Kern","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kern, P. et al. The echinococcoses: Diagnosis, clinical management and burden of disease. Adv. Parasitol. 96, 259\u2013369 (2017).","journal-title":"Adv. Parasitol."},{"key":"97134_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1710-3669","volume":"194","author":"T Graeter","year":"2022","unstructured":"Graeter, T., Schmidberger, J. & Stage-Oriented, C. T. Classification and intermodal evolution model in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Rofo 194, 532\u2013544 (2022).","journal-title":"Rofo"},{"key":"97134_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0903.020341","volume":"9","author":"P Kern","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kern, P. et al. European echinococcosis registry: Human alveolar echinococcosis, Europe, 1982\u20132000. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 9, 343\u2013349 (2003).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"97134_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2021.01.002","volume":"102","author":"P Calame","year":"2021","unstructured":"Calame, P. et al. Local invasion of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis should not be underestimated: Lessons learned from imaging-pathologic correlation. Diagn. Interv Imaging 102, 189\u2013192 (2021).","journal-title":"Diagn. Interv Imaging"},{"key":"97134_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-019-01325-2","volume":"47","author":"S Baumann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baumann, S. et al. Worldwide literature on epidemiology of human alveolar echinococcosis: A systematic review of research published in the twenty-first century. Infection 47, 703\u2013727 (2019).","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"97134_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-020-02126-8","volume":"58","author":"S Xin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xin, S. et al. Automatic lesion segmentation and classification of hepatic echinococcosis using a multiscale-feature convolutional neural network. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 58, 659\u2013668 (2020).","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"97134_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2009.11.001","volume":"114","author":"E Brunetti","year":"2010","unstructured":"Brunetti, E., Kern, P. & Vuitton, D. A. Expert consensus for the diagnosis and treatment of cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in humans. Acta Trop. 114, 1\u201316 (2010).","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"97134_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ren, B. et al. Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: predictive biological activity based on radiomics of MRI. Biomed. Res. Int. 2021 (6681092). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/6681092 (2021).","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/6681092"},{"key":"97134_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107429","volume":"260","author":"P Tian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tian, P. et al. The value of nomogram analysis in prediction of cerebral spread of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Acta Trop. 260, 107429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actatropica.2024.107429 (2024).","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"97134_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-01999-x","volume":"29","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou, Y. et al. A CT-based radiomics model for predicting lymph node metastasis in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis patients to support lymph node dissection. Eur. J. Med. Res. 29, 409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-024-01999-x (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"97134_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1389177","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1389177","volume":"14","author":"S Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, S. et al. Value of intralesional and perilesional radiomics for predicting the bioactivity of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Front. Oncol. 14, 1389177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2024.1389177 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"97134_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-024-01898-1","volume":"29","author":"X Lin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lin, X., Shao, Y. M., Zhang, R. Q. & Aji, T. Applying LASSO logistic regression for the prediction of biliary complications after ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation in patients with end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Eur. J. Med. Res. 29, 301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40001-024-01898-1 (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Res."},{"key":"97134_CR17","unstructured":"The Chinese Society of Radiology Infectious Disease Imaging Group, the Chinese Medical Doctor Association Radiology Physician Branch Infection Imaging Special Committee. Expert consensus on imaging diagnosis of hepatic echinococcosis. Chin. J. Radiol., 55, 5\u201311 ."},{"key":"97134_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.2174\/1573405618666220128160440","volume":"19","author":"A Eroglu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Eroglu, A., Ogul, H. & Aydin, Y. CT imaging findings of pulmonary alveolar echinococcosis. Curr. Med. Imaging  19, 97\u2013102 (2023).","journal-title":"Curr. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"97134_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4447","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S331957","volume":"14","author":"XK Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu, X. K., Zhang, L., Ma, W. J., Bi, W. Z. & Ju, S. G. An overview of hepatic echinococcosis and the characteristic CT and MRI imaging manifestations. Infect. Drug Resist. 14, 4447\u20134455 (2021).","journal-title":"Infect. Drug Resist."},{"key":"97134_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185120951958","volume":"62","author":"T Graeter","year":"2021","unstructured":"Graeter, T. et al. Intrahepatic manifestation and distant extrahepatic disease in alveolar echinococcosis: A multicenter cohort study. Acta Radiol. 62, 997\u20131005 (2021).","journal-title":"Acta Radiol."},{"key":"97134_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4302","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i29.4302","volume":"26","author":"T Graeter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Graeter, T. et al. Evaluation of intrahepatic manifestation and distant extrahepatic disease in alveolar echinococcosis. World J. Gastroenterol. 26, 4302\u20134315 (2020).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"97134_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-019-01328-z","volume":"47","author":"E Brumpt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brumpt, E. et al. AE hepatic lesions: Correlation between calcifications at CT and FDG-PET\/CT metabolic activity. Infection 47, 955\u2013960 (2019).","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"97134_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00075","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00075-18","volume":"32","author":"H Wen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wen, H. et al. Echinococcosis: Advances in the 21st century. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 32, e00075\u2013e00018 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"97134_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-2421","volume":"22","author":"CF Dietrich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dietrich, C. F. et al. Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis of the hepatobiliary tract - the role of new imaging techniques for improved diagnosis. Med. Ultrason. 22, 75\u201384 (2020).","journal-title":"Med. Ultrason."},{"key":"97134_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fawpar.2020.e00082","volume":"19","author":"T Graeter","year":"2020","unstructured":"Graeter, T. et al. Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: Comparative computed tomography study between two Chinese and two European centres. Food Waterborne Parasitol. 19, e00082 (2020).","journal-title":"Food Waterborne Parasitol."},{"key":"97134_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2281020323","volume":"228","author":"Y Kodama","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kodama, Y. et al. Alveolar echinococcosis: MR findings in the liver. Radiology 228, 172\u2013177 (2003).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"97134_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12020199","volume":"12","author":"M Stefaniak","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stefaniak, M., Derda, M., Zmora, P. & Nowak, S. P. Risk factors and the character of clinical course of the Echinococcus multilocularis infection in patients in Poland. Pathogens 12, 199 (2023).","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"97134_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000765","volume":"34","author":"B Gottstein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gottstein, B. & Deplazes, P. Alveolar echinococcosis: What triggers emergence in North America, central Europe and Asia. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 34, 440\u2013446 (2021).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"97134_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-022-01190-y","volume":"13","author":"P Calame","year":"2022","unstructured":"Calame, P. et al. Role of the radiologist in the diagnosis and management of the two forms of hepatic echinococcosis. Insights Imaging  13, 68 (2022).","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"97134_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-022-05640-w","volume":"16","author":"M Sulyok","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sulyok, M. et al. Implementing deep learning models for the classification of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in human liver tissue. Parasit. Vectors 16, 29 (2023).","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"97134_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2021062","volume":"28","author":"\u00c9 Brumpt","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brumpt, \u00c9. et al. Kodama-XUUB: an informative classification for alveolar echinococcosis hepatic lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. Parasite 28, 66 (2021).","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"97134_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.5152\/dir.2015.15456","volume":"22","author":"M Bulak\u00e7\u0131","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bulak\u00e7\u0131, M. et al. Multimodality imaging in diagnosis and management of alveolar echinococcosis: An update. Diagn. Interv Radiol. 22, 247\u2013256 (2016).","journal-title":"Diagn. Interv Radiol."},{"key":"97134_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vuitton, D. A. & Gottstein, B. Echinococcus multilocularis and its intermediate host: a model of parasite-host interplay. J. Biomed. Biotechnol.  923193. (2010).","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/923193"},{"key":"97134_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1990.tb05457.x","volume":"82","author":"S Bresson-Hadni","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bresson-Hadni, S. et al. Cellular immunity in experimental Echinococcus multilocularis infection. II. Sequential and comparative phenotypic study of the periparasitic mononuclear cells in resistant and sensitive mice. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 82, 378\u2013383 (1990).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"97134_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.12292","volume":"38","author":"J Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, J. & Gottstein, B. Immunoregulation in larval Echinococcus multilocularis infection. Parasite Immunol. 38, 182\u2013192 (2016).","journal-title":"Parasite Immunol."},{"key":"97134_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00008","volume":"10","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, Y. et al. Kupffer cells: important participant of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 10, 8 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"97134_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5830","DOI":"10.1245\/s10434-023-13333-6","volume":"30","author":"T Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, T. et al. A competing risk model nomogram to predict the Long-Term prognosis of lung carcinoid. Ann. Surg. Oncol. 30, 5830\u20135839 (2023).","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"97134_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4399","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i31.4399","volume":"28","author":"YD Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, Y. D. et al. Radiomics and nomogram of magnetic resonance imaging for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion in small hepatocellular carcinoma. World J. Gastroenterol. 28, 4399\u20134416 (2022).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"97134_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081134","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1081134","volume":"13","author":"X Yue","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yue, X. et al. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics nomogram for predicting tumor grade in endometrial cancer. Front. Oncol. 13, 1081134 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97134-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97134-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97134-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T00:32:32Z","timestamp":1747182752000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97134-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["97134"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-97134-9","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5448248\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The research protocol for this study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Clinical Medical College of Qinghai University, under approval number P-SL-2023-229. Given that this study is retrospective in nature, the Ethics Committee granted a waiver for informed consent. All research procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant ethical guidelines and regulations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"16685"}}