{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T18:28:35Z","timestamp":1793039315316,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["218771\/Z\/19\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["218771\/Z\/19\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"European Union annd African Academy of Sciences","award":["ARISE-PP-FA-143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ARISE-PP-FA-143"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97288-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:26:24Z","timestamp":1747873584000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Unstable laboratory Wolbachia strain w-Anga is negatively correlated with Plasmodium falciparum in wild malaria vectors"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Demb\u00e9l\u00e9 L.","family":"Estelle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gnambani E.","family":"Jacques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sar\u00e9","family":"Issiaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Lovett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diabat\u00e9","family":"Abdoulaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bilgo","family":"Etienne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"97288_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2174-9","volume":"10","author":"NWNP Nugapola","year":"2017","unstructured":"Nugapola, N. W. N. P., De Silva, W. A. P. P. & Karunaratne, S. H. P. P. Distribution and phylogeny of Wolbachia strains in wild mosquito populations in Sri Lanka. Parasit. Vectors. 10, 1\u20138 (2017).","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"97288_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2583.1997.00157.x","volume":"6","author":"SLO Neill","year":"1997","unstructured":"Neill, S. L. O., Pettigrew, M. M., Sinkins, S. P. & Braig, H. R. In vitro cultivation of Wolbachia Pipientis in an Aedes albopictus cell line. Insect Mol. Biol. 6, 33\u201339 (1997).","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"issue":"24","key":"97288_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.11.007","volume":"29","author":"WA Nazni","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nazni, W. A. et al. Establishment of Wolbachia strain wAlbB in Malaysian populations of Aedes aegypti for dengue control. Curr. Biol. 29(24), 4241\u20134248 (2019).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"97288_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gesto, J. S. M. et al. Large-Scale deployment and establishment of Wolbachia into the Aedes aegypti population in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Front. Microbiol. ;12. (2021).","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.711107"},{"issue":"2","key":"97288_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585-41.2.255","volume":"41","author":"JL Rasgon","year":"2004","unstructured":"Rasgon, J. L. & Scott, T. W. An initial survey for Wolbachia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) infections in selected California mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 41(2), 255\u2013257 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"issue":"3","key":"97288_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/37.3.340","volume":"37","author":"P Kittayapong","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kittayapong, P., Baisley, K. J., Baimai, V. & O\u2019Neill, S. L. Distribution and diversity of Wolbachia infections in Southeast Asian mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J. Med. Entomol. 37(3), 340\u2013345 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"issue":"5","key":"97288_CR7","first-page":"1","volume":"3985","author":"F Baldini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baldini, F. et al. Evidence of natural Wolbachia infections in field populations of Anopheles Gambiae. Nat. Commun. 3985(5), 1\u20137 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"97288_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gomes, F. M. et al. Effect of naturally occurring Wolbachia in Anopheles gambiae s. l. mosquitoes from Mali on Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission. PNAS. 114(47), 12566\u201371 (2017).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1716181114"},{"key":"97288_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04277-x","volume":"13","author":"ML Wong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wong, M. L. et al. Natural Wolbachia infection in field \u2013 collected Anopheles and other mosquito species from Malaysia. Parasit. Vectors. 13, 1\u201315 (2020).","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"97288_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12804","volume":"12","author":"D Ayala","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ayala, D. et al. Natural Wolbachia infections are common in the major malaria vectors in central Africa. Evol. Appl. 12, 1583\u20131594 (2019).","journal-title":"Evol. Appl."},{"key":"97288_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11772","volume":"7","author":"WR Shaw","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shaw, W. R. et al. Wolbachia infections in natural Anopheles populations affect egg laying and negatively correlate with Plasmodium development. Nat. Commun. 7, 1\u20137 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"97288_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2009.08.009","volume":"102","author":"I Wiwatanaratanabutr","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wiwatanaratanabutr, I. & Kittayapong, P. Effects of crowding and temperature on Wolbachia infection density among life cycle stages of Aedes albopictus. J. Invertebr Pathol. 102(3), 220\u2013224 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Invertebr Pathol."},{"key":"97288_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ross, P. A. et al. Wolbachia infections in Aedes aegypti differ markedly in their response to cyclical heat stress. PLOS Pathog ;1\u201317. (2017).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1006006"},{"issue":"3","key":"97288_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.15-0608","volume":"94","author":"JK Axford","year":"2016","unstructured":"Axford, J. K., Ross, P. A., Yeap, H. L., Callahan, A. G. & Hoffmann, A. A. Fitness of wAlbB wolbachia infection in Aedes aegypti: parameter estimates in an outcrossed background and potential for population invasion. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 94(3), 507\u2013516 (2016).","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"issue":"11","key":"97288_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2021.03.056","volume":"31","author":"T Walker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Walker, T. et al. Stable high-density and maternally inherited Wolbachia infections in Anopheles moucheti and Anopheles demeilloni mosquitoes. Curr. Biol. 31(11), 2310\u20132320 (2021).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"97288_CR16","first-page":"1","volume":"10","author":"E Chrostek","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chrostek, E. & Gerth, M. Is Anopheles Gambiae a natural host of wolbachia ? Am. Soc. Microbiol. 10(3), 1\u201310 (2014).","journal-title":"Am. Soc. Microbiol."},{"key":"97288_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.02237","volume":"8","author":"E Chrostek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chrostek, E., Pelz-stelinski, K., Hurst, G. D. D. & Hughes, G. L. Horizontal transmission of intracellular insect symbionts via plants. Front. Microbiol. 8, 1\u20138 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"97288_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiy058","volume":"94","author":"LKJ Nilsson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nilsson, L. K. J., Sharma, A., Bhatnagar, R. K., Bertilsson, S. & Terenius, O. Presence of Aedes and Anopheles mosquito larvae is correlated to bacteria found in domestic water-storage containers. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 94, 1\u201315 (2018).","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol. Ecol."},{"issue":"16","key":"97288_CR19","first-page":"739","volume":"744","author":"T Sasaki","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sasaki, T. & Ishikawa, H. Wolbachia infections and cytoplasmic incompatibility in the almond moth and the mediterranean flour moth. Zoological 744(16), 739\u2013744 (1999).","journal-title":"ZOOLOGICAL"},{"issue":"8","key":"97288_CR20","first-page":"1","volume":"278","author":"P Rossi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rossi, P. et al. Mutual exclusion of Asaia and Wolbachia in the reproductive organs of mosquito vectors. Parasit. Vectors. 278(8), 1\u201310 (2015).","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"97288_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1209609","volume":"334","author":"EM Fast","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fast, E. M. et al. Wolbachia enhance drosophila stem cell proliferation and target the germline stem cell niche. Sci. (80-). 334, 990\u2013992 (2011).","journal-title":"Sci. (80-)"},{"key":"97288_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800458","volume":"93","author":"SL Dobson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dobson, S. L., Rattanadechakul, W. & Marsland, E. J. Fitness advantage and cytoplasmic incompatibility in Wolbachia single- and superinfected Aedes albopictus. Heredity (Edinb). 93, 135\u2013142 (2004).","journal-title":"Heredity (Edinb)"},{"issue":"10","key":"97288_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1001143","volume":"6","author":"Z Kambris","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kambris, Z. et al. Wolbachia stimulates immune gene expression and inhibits Plasmodium development in Anopheles Gambiae. PLOS Pathog. 6(10), 1\u20139 (2010).","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog"},{"issue":"5","key":"97288_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002043","volume":"7","author":"GL Hughes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hughes, G. L., Koga, R., Xue, P., Fukatsu, T. & Rasgon, J. L. Wolbachia infections are virulent and inhibit the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in Anopheles Gambiae. PLOS Pathog. 7(5), 3\u201310 (2011).","journal-title":"PLOS Pathog"},{"key":"97288_CR25","first-page":"584","volume":"35","author":"M Naciri","year":"2019","unstructured":"Naciri, M. La bact\u00e9rie Wolbachia bloque l\u2019infection des moustiques par diff\u00e9rents pathog\u00e8nes Humains. Med. Sci. 35, 584\u2013585 (2019).","journal-title":"Med. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"97288_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1000434","volume":"8","author":"MK Rono","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rono, M. K., Whitten, M. M. A., Oulad-abdelghani, M., Levashina, E. A. & Marois, E. The major yolk protein vitellogenin interferes with the anti-Plasmodium response in the malaria mosquito Anopheles Gambiae. PLOS Biol. 8(7), 1\u201312 (2010).","journal-title":"PLOS Biol."},{"key":"97288_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hughes, G. L. et al. Native microbiome impedes vertical transmission of Wolbachia in Anopheles mosquitoes. ;111(34):2\u20137. (2014).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1408888111"},{"issue":"6","key":"97288_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/44.6.990","volume":"44","author":"KR Dabir\u00e9","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dabir\u00e9, K. R. et al. Anopheles funestus (Diptera: Culicidae) in a humid Savannah area of Western Burkina Faso : bionomics, insecticide resistance status, and role in malaria transmission. J. Med. Entomol. 44(6), 990\u2013997 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97288-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97288-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97288-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:26:30Z","timestamp":1747873590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97288-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["97288"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-97288-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Experiments with animals were carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. In addition, Experiments followed the IRSS Animal Welfare Assurance A5926-01. Trained personnel and veterinarians cared for animals involved in this study and all efforts were made to minimize suffering. All work with\n                      w-Anga\n                      was performed under biosafety containment level II requirements.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All authors have approved the final manuscript and consent for the publication.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"17732"}}