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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is thought to play an essential role in the middle ear inflammatory process, mainly due to dysfunctions of the eustachian tube. However, the unambiguous impact of 1,8-Cineol on hypoxia-driven immune alterations of human monocytes and the related inflammatory microenvironment have not been investigated thus far. Therefore, we used the human monocytes to investigate the impact of 1,8-Cineol on the cellular hypoxia response with regards to expression levels of different adhesion molecules, chemokine receptors, and different cell stress-related proteins. Furthermore, the secretion patterns of a variety of chemokines and cytokines were evaluated. The study aimed to better understand the influence of the monoterpene 1,8-Cineol on hypoxia and normoxia-associated monocyte characteristics and related inflammatory processes, all of which are crucial for the development of various human diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97314-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T17:17:24Z","timestamp":1744219044000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Differential influence of 1,8-Cineol on distinct hypoxia-related immune alterations in human monocytes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nele","family":"Jagodzinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Leichtle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Depping","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirstin","family":"Pl\u00f6tze-Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer G.","family":"Hakim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl-Ludwig","family":"Bruchhage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralph","family":"Pries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"97314_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pries, R., Jeschke, S., Leichtle, A. & Bruchhage, K. 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