{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T05:28:53Z","timestamp":1794115733373,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016R1D1A1B02011696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016R1D1A1B02011696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI19C0481"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI19C0481"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003625","name":"Ministry of Health and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HC19C0276"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HC19C0276"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003625","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016275","name":"Seoul National University Bundang Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14-2022-0024"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14-2022-0024"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016275","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97344-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T10:52:47Z","timestamp":1744800767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Predictive modeling of rapid glaucoma progression based on systemic data from electronic medical records"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Richul","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunjoong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tae-Woo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Ji","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"97344_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804630","volume":"360","author":"YH Kwon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kwon, Y. H., Fingert, J. H., Kuehn, M. H. & Alward, W. L. M. Primary open-angle glaucoma. N. Engl. J. Med. 360, 1113\u20131124 (2009).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"97344_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1766","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2011.01.047","volume":"118","author":"DC Musch","year":"2011","unstructured":"Musch, D. C. et al. Intraocular pressure control and long-term visual field loss in the collaborative initial glaucoma treatment study. Ophthalmology 118, 1766\u20131773 (2011).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"97344_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.03.016","volume":"114","author":"MC Leske","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leske, M. C. et al. Predictors of long-term progression in the early manifest glaucoma trial. Ophthalmology 114, 1965\u20131972 (2007).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"97344_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00919280","volume":"231","author":"HJ Kaiser","year":"1993","unstructured":"Kaiser, H. J., Flammer, J., Graf, T. & St\u00fcmpfig, D. Systemic blood pressure in glaucoma patients. Graefe\u2019s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. 231, 677\u2013680 (1993).","journal-title":"Graefe\u2019s Arch. Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(02)00008-3","volume":"21","author":"J Flammer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Flammer, J. et al. The impact of ocular blood flow in glaucoma. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 21, 359\u2013393 (2002).","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"97344_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(00)00766-2","volume":"130","author":"D Gherghel","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gherghel, D., Org\u00fcl, S., Gugleta, K., Gekkieva, M. & Flammer, J. Relationship between ocular perfusion pressure and retrobulbar blood flow in patients with glaucoma with progressive damage. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 130, 597\u2013605 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-27858-z","volume":"13","author":"JS Yoon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yoon, J. S., Kim, Y.-E., Lee, E. J., Kim, H. & Kim, T.-W. Systemic factors associated with 10-year glaucoma progression in South Korean population: A single center study based on electronic medical records. Sci. Rep. 13, 530 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"97344_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-6935-6","volume":"19","author":"D Kreft","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kreft, D., Doblhammer, G., Guthoff, R. F. & Frech, S. Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma\u2014A cohort study based on longitudinal data from a German public health insurance. BMC Public Health 19, 851 (2019).","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"97344_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-021-02137-w","volume":"42","author":"P W\u00e4ndell","year":"2022","unstructured":"W\u00e4ndell, P., Carlsson, A. C. & Ljunggren, G. Systemic diseases and their association with open-angle glaucoma in the population of Stockholm. Int. Ophthalmol. 42, 1481\u20131489 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR10","first-page":"709","volume":"96","author":"RC Oh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oh, R. C., Hustead, T. R., Ali, S. M. & Pantsari, M. W. Mildly elevated liver transaminase levels: Causes and evaluation. Am. Fam. Physician 96, 709\u2013715 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"97344_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000074","volume":"114","author":"Y Chang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chang, Y. et al. Alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver-related mortality: A cohort study. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 114, 620\u2013629 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"97344_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4455","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14214455","volume":"14","author":"J-H Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee, J.-H. et al. Fatty liver is an independent risk factor for elevated intraocular pressure. Nutrients 14, 4455 (2022).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"97344_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001036","volume":"27","author":"Y-J Kwon","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kwon, Y.-J., Kim, J.-H. & Jung, D.-H. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and intraocular pressure in Korean adults. J. Glaucoma 27, 1099\u20131104 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"97344_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1134\/S0006297916110134","volume":"81","author":"AR Fatkhullina","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fatkhullina, A. R., Peshkova, I. O. & Koltsova, E. K. The Role of cytokines in the development of atherosclerosis. Biochemistry. (Mosc) 81, 1358\u20131370 (2016).","journal-title":"Biochemistry. (Mosc)"},{"key":"97344_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/00061198-199906000-00012","volume":"8","author":"J Flammer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Flammer, J., Haefliger, I. O., Org\u00fcl, S. & Resink, T. Vascular dysregulation: A principal risk factor for glaucomatous damage?. J. Glaucoma 8, 212\u2013219 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"97344_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000002149","volume":"32","author":"MH Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee, M. H., Kim, H. K. & Kim, S. S. Risk factors associated with a large vertical cup-to-disc ratio: Korean national health and nutritional examination survey. J. Glaucoma 32, 221\u2013226 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"97344_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2014.07.051","volume":"122","author":"D Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao, D., Cho, J., Kim, M. H., Friedman, D. S. & Guallar, E. Diabetes, fasting glucose, and the risk of glaucoma: A meta-analysis. Ophthalmology 122, 72\u201378 (2015).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"97344_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.5.37","volume":"63","author":"Z Hu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hu, Z., Zhou, F., Kaminga, A. C. & Xu, H. Type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, hemoglobin A1c levels and risk of primary open-angle glaucoma: A Mendelian randomization study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 63, 37 (2022).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"97344_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111976","volume":"42","author":"C Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo, C. et al. HIF-1\u03b1 accumulation in response to transient hypoglycemia may worsen diabetic eye disease. Cell Rep. 42, 111976 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"97344_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1186\/s12902-017-0213-3","volume":"17","author":"AM Jingi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jingi, A. M., Tankeu, A. T., Ateba, N. A. & Noubiap, J. J. Mechanism of worsening diabetic retinopathy with rapid lowering of blood glucose: The synergistic hypothesis. BMC Endocr. Disord. 17, 63 (2017).","journal-title":"BMC Endocr. Disord."},{"key":"97344_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00400","author":"C Rotermund","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rotermund, C., Machetanz, G. & Fitzgerald, J. C. The therapeutic potential of metformin in neurodegenerative diseases. Front. Endocrinol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2018.00400 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"97344_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.048710","volume":"89","author":"BEK Klein","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klein, B. E. K., Klein, R. & Knudtson, M. D. Intraocular pressure and systemic blood pressure: Longitudinal perspective: The beaver dam eye study. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 89, 284\u2013287 (2005).","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001673","volume":"30","author":"A Reddy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reddy, A. et al. The association of intraocular pressure with obesity and cardiometabolic risk in a young farmworker population. J. Glaucoma 30, 24\u201331 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"97344_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.05.029","volume":"158","author":"D Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao, D., Cho, J., Kim, M. H. & Guallar, E. The association of blood pressure and primary open-angle glaucoma: A meta-analysis. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 158, 615\u201327.e9 (2014).","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-017-0927-x","volume":"19","author":"RM Levine","year":"2017","unstructured":"Levine, R. M., Yang, A., Brahma, V. & Martone, J. F. Management of blood pressure in patients with glaucoma. Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 19, 109 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Cardiol. Rep."},{"key":"97344_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0b013e32831eef82","volume":"20","author":"MC Leske","year":"2009","unstructured":"Leske, M. C. Ocular perfusion pressure and glaucoma: Clinical trial and epidemiologic findings. Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol. 20, 73\u201378 (2009).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s13167-018-0155-5","volume":"9","author":"T Binggeli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Binggeli, T., Schoetzau, A. & Konieczka, K. In glaucoma patients, low blood pressure is accompanied by vascular dysregulation. EPMA J. 9, 387\u2013391 (2018).","journal-title":"EPMA J."},{"key":"97344_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.08.021","volume":"129","author":"AA Jammal","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jammal, A. A. et al. Blood pressure and glaucomatous progression in a large clinical population. Ophthalmology 129, 161\u2013170 (2022).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"97344_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.8.35","volume":"61","author":"K Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, K. et al. Risk factors associated with structural progression in normal-tension glaucoma: Intraocular pressure, systemic blood pressure, and myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 61, 35 (2020).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"97344_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80705-3","volume":"11","author":"JW Shin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shin, J. W., Jo, Y. H., Song, M. K., Won, H. J. & Kook, M. S. Nocturnal blood pressure dip and parapapillary choroidal microvasculature dropout in normal-tension glaucoma. Sci. Rep. 11, 206 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"97344_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.11.029","volume":"125","author":"JD Melgarejo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Melgarejo, J. D. et al. Glaucomatous optic neuropathy associated with nocturnal dip in blood pressure: Findings from the maracaibo aging study. Ophthalmology 125, 807\u2013814 (2018).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"97344_CR32","first-page":"62","volume":"18","author":"T Kocat\u00fcrk","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kocat\u00fcrk, T. et al. Diurnal blood pressure parameters in normal tension glaucoma, primary open angle glaucoma, and healthy subjects. Anatol. J. Cardiol. 18, 62\u201367 (2017).","journal-title":"Anatol. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"97344_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43734","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43734","volume":"7","author":"NY Lee","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lee, N. Y., Jung, Y., Han, K. & Park, C. K. Fluctuation in systolic blood pressure is a major systemic risk factor for development of primary open-angle glaucoma. Sci. Rep. 7, 43734 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"97344_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12298","author":"VP Costa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Costa, V. P. et al. Ocular perfusion pressure in glaucoma. Acta Ophthalmol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aos.12298 (2014).","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-020-01661-0","volume":"20","author":"M Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu, M. et al. Plasma lipid levels and risk of primary open angle glaucoma: A genetic study using Mendelian randomization. BMC Ophthalmol. 20, 390 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1097\/IJG.0000000000001237","volume":"28","author":"K Shon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shon, K. & Sung, K. R. Dyslipidemia, dyslipidemia treatment, and open-angle glaucoma in the Korean national health and nutrition examination survey. J. Glaucoma 28, 550\u2013556 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Glaucoma"},{"key":"97344_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.12347","volume":"42","author":"MJ Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim, M. J., Kim, M. J., Kim, H. S., Jeoung, J. W. & Park, K. H. Risk factors for open-angle glaucoma with normal baseline intraocular pressure in a young population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Clin. Experiment. Ophthalmol. 42, 825\u2013832 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin. Experiment. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"97344_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-25247","volume":"60","author":"Y Cui","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cui, Y. et al. Intraocular pressure in general and diabetic populations from southern china: the Dongguan eye study. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 60, 761\u2013769 (2019).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"97344_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-010360","volume":"6","author":"H Yokomichi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yokomichi, H. et al. Evaluation of the associations between changes in intraocular pressure and metabolic syndrome parameters: A retrospective cohort study in Japan. BMJ Open 6, e010360 (2016).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"97344_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000000722","volume":"92","author":"YJ Kim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kim, Y. J. et al. Association of IOP with systemic factors in a Korean cohort. Optom. Vis. Sci. 92, 1182\u20131188 (2015).","journal-title":"Optom. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"97344_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2729","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.15-18595","volume":"57","author":"P McCann","year":"2016","unstructured":"McCann, P., Hogg, R. E., Fallis, R. & Azuara-Blanco, A. The effect of statins on intraocular pressure and on the incidence and progression of glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 57, 2729\u20132748 (2016).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"97344_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101364","volume":"46","author":"Y Yuan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yuan, Y. et al. Associations of statin use with the onset and progression of open-angle glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine 46, 101364 (2022).","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"97344_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2009.02.002","volume":"88","author":"PJ van der Most","year":"2009","unstructured":"van der Most, P. J., Dolga, A. M., Nijholt, I. M., Luiten, P. G. M. & Eisel, U. L. M. Statins: Mechanisms of neuroprotection. Prog. Neurobiol. 88, 64\u201375 (2009).","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"97344_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13010057","volume":"13","author":"D Denimal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Denimal, D. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of high-density lipoprotein in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Antioxidants 13, 57 (2023).","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"key":"97344_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2010.10.016","volume":"118","author":"C Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim, C., Seong, G. J., Lee, N., Song, K., Namil Study Group, K. G. S. Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in central South Korea the Namil study. Ophthalmology 118, 1024\u20131030 (2011).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"97344_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Breiman, L. Random forests. Mach. Learn. 45, 5\u201332 (2001).","journal-title":"Mach. Learn."},{"key":"97344_CR47","unstructured":"Lundberg, S. & Lee, S.-I. A unified approach to interpreting model predictions. (2017)."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97344-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97344-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97344-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T13:02:32Z","timestamp":1744808552000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97344-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["97344"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-97344-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (B-2401\u2013874-105) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was waived because of the retrospective design of the study and the use of deidentified patient information.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"13101"}}