{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T02:37:46Z","timestamp":1773196666650,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["project code: 5\/9\/1330\/2020_Nut"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project code: 5\/9\/1330\/2020_Nut"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-97969-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T03:33:29Z","timestamp":1754969609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Role of prokineticins and T-reg cells in obesity-associated metabolic oxidative dysregulation in NAFLD"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Shyam","family":"Prakash","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Priyatma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ram","family":"Aasarey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shahid","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naval K.","family":"Vikram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Shalimar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"family":"Medha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saumya","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shivam","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akanksha","family":"Priya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sandeep","family":"Aggarwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"97969_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.09.003","volume":"68","author":"M Eslam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eslam, M., Valenti, L. & Romeo, S. Genetics and epigenetics of NAFLD and NASH: clinical impact. J. Hepatol. 68, 268\u2013279 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"97969_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31150","volume":"71","author":"J Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, J. et al. Epidemiological features of NAFLD from 1999 to 2018 in China. Hepatology 71, 1851\u20131864 (2020).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"97969_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-physiol-021115-105331","volume":"78","author":"JT Haas","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haas, J. T., Francque, S. & Staels, B. Pathophysiology and mechanisms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 78, 181\u2013205 (2016).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Physiol."},{"key":"97969_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520802273058","volume":"44","author":"EA Tsochatzis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Tsochatzis, E. A., Manolakopoulos, S., Papatheodoridis, G. V. & Archimandritis, A. J. Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in chronic liver diseases: old entities with new implications. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 44, 6\u201314 (2009).","journal-title":"Scand. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"97969_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24001","volume":"52","author":"H Tilg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tilg, H. & Moschen, A. R. Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the multiple parallel hits hypothesis. Hepatology 52, 1836\u20131846 (2010).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"97969_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14219","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i39.14219","volume":"20","author":"B Baran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Baran, B. & Aky\u00fcz, F. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: what has changed in the treatment since the beginning? World J. Gastroenterol. 20, 14219\u201314229 (2014).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"97969_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.59.4.692","volume":"59","author":"M Li","year":"2001","unstructured":"Li, M., Bullock, C. M., Knauer, D. J., Ehlert, F. J. & Zhou, Q. Y. Identification of two prokineticin cDNAs: Recombinant proteins potently contract Gastrointestinal smooth muscle. Mol. Pharmacol. 59, 692\u2013698 (2001).","journal-title":"Mol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"97969_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(02)00239-5","volume":"293","author":"Y Masuda","year":"2002","unstructured":"Masuda, Y. et al. Isolation and identification of EG-VEGF\/prokineticins as cognate ligands for two orphan G-protein-coupled receptors. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 293, 396\u2013402 (2002).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"97969_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957-021-02421-0","volume":"19","author":"N Tagai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tagai, N., Goi, T., Shimada, M. & Kurebayashi, H. Plasma prokineticin 1, a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer patients with curative resection: a retrospective cohort study. World J. Surg. Oncol. 19, 302 (2021).","journal-title":"World J. Surg. Oncol."},{"key":"97969_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706467","volume":"147","author":"C Martucci","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martucci, C. et al. Bv8, the amphibian homologue of the mammalian prokineticins, induces a Proinflammatory phenotype of mouse macrophages. Br. J. Pharmacol. 147, 225\u2013234 (2006).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"97969_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81175","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081175","volume":"8","author":"C Szatkowski","year":"2013","unstructured":"Szatkowski, C. et al. Prokineticin receptor 1 as a novel suppressor of preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation to control obesity. PLoS One. 8, e81175 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"97969_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-015-0172-5","volume":"15","author":"Y Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, Y., Guo, X., Ma, H., Lu, L. & Zhang, R. Prokineticin-2 is associated with metabolic syndrome in a middle-aged and elderly Chinese population. Lipids Health Dis. 15, 1 (2016).","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"97969_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2019.08.016","volume":"29","author":"M Mortreux","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mortreux, M. et al. New roles for prokineticin 2 in feeding behavior, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes: studies in mice and humans. Mol. Metab. 29, 182\u2013196 (2019).","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"97969_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0603252","volume":"75","author":"K Schroder","year":"2004","unstructured":"Schroder, K., Hertzog, P. J., Ravasi, T. & Hume, D. A. Interferon-gamma: an overview of signals, mechanisms and functions. J. Leukoc. Biol. 75, 163\u2013189 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"97969_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22306","volume":"48","author":"E Seki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seki, E. & Brenner, D. A. Toll-like receptors and adaptor molecules in liver disease: update. Hepatology 48, 322\u2013335 (2008).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"97969_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7381","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i23.7381","volume":"20","author":"K Miura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Miura, K. & Ohnishi, H. Role of gut microbiota and Toll-like receptors in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 20, 7381\u20137391 (2014).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"97969_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1079\/PNS2006496","volume":"65","author":"E Albano","year":"2006","unstructured":"Albano, E. Alcohol, oxidative stress and free radical damage. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 65, 278\u2013290 (2006).","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"97969_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00082","volume":"10","author":"MA Van Herck","year":"2019","unstructured":"Van Herck, M. A. et al. The differential roles of T cells in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and obesity. Front. Immunol. 10, 82 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"97969_CR19","first-page":"229","volume":"136","author":"R Kumar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kumar, R. et al. Association of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adipokines & oxidative stress with insulin resistance & non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Indian J. Med. Res. 136, 229\u2013236 (2012).","journal-title":"Indian J. Med. Res."},{"key":"97969_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-023-04782-4","volume":"479","author":"M Saroj","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saroj, M. et al. Hyperactive behaviour of growth differentiation factor- 15 (GDF-15) in conjunction with iron trafficking transporters and suppression of Nrf-2 gene in diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 479, 1109\u20131120 (2024).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"97969_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szatkowski, C. et al. Prokineticin receptor 1 as a novel suppressor of preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation to control obesity. PLoS ONE 8, (2013).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081175"},{"key":"97969_CR22","first-page":"77","volume":"97","author":"A B\u00f6yum","year":"1968","unstructured":"B\u00f6yum, A. Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood. Isolation of monuclear cells by one centrifugation, and of granulocytes by combining centrifugation and sedimentation at 1 g. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. Suppl. 97, 77\u201389 (1968).","journal-title":"Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. Suppl."},{"key":"97969_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121625","volume":"99","author":"JJ Schlesselman","year":"1974","unstructured":"Schlesselman, J. J. Sample size requirements in cohort and case-control studies of disease. Am. J. Epidemiol. 99, 381\u2013384 (1974).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"97969_CR24","unstructured":"WHO report. Obesity and overweight. WHO Fact Sheet\/Obesity Overweight https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/obesity-and-overweight  (2024)."},{"key":"97969_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8700","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-56164-5","volume":"14","author":"S Prakash","year":"2024","unstructured":"Prakash, S. et al. The development, evaluation, performance, and validation of micro-PCR and extractor for the quantification of HIV-1 &-2 RNA. Sci. Rep. 14, 8700 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"97969_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x","volume":"47","author":"S Marklund","year":"1974","unstructured":"Marklund, S. & Marklund, G. Involvement of the superoxide anion radical in the autoxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur. J. Biochem. 47, 469\u2013474 (1974).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Biochem."},{"key":"97969_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.1996.0292","volume":"239","author":"IFF Benzie","year":"1996","unstructured":"Benzie, I. F. F. & Strain, J. J. The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of antioxidant power: the FRAP assay. Anal. Biochem. 239, 70\u201376 (1996).","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"97969_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3","volume":"95","author":"H Ohkawa","year":"1979","unstructured":"Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N. & Yagi, K. Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction. Anal. Biochem. 95, 351\u2013358 (1979).","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"97969_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-200202000-00008","volume":"13","author":"PJ Havel","year":"2002","unstructured":"Havel, P. J. Control of energy homeostasis and insulin action by adipocyte hormones: leptin, acylation stimulating protein, and adiponectin. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 13, 51\u201359 (2002).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"key":"97969_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1586\/erc.12.159","volume":"11","author":"T Bhat","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bhat, T. et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and cardiovascular diseases: a review. Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther. 11, 55\u201359 (2013).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Cardiovasc. Ther."},{"key":"97969_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67688","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0067688","volume":"8","author":"T Gary","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gary, T. et al. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio: a novel marker for critical limb ischemia in peripheral arterial occlusive disease patients. PLoS One. 8, e67688 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"97969_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.2217\/bmm-2016-0380","volume":"11","author":"D Vahit","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vahit, D., Akboga, M. K., Samet, Y. & H\u00fcseyin, E. Assessment of monocyte to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in patients with metabolic syndrome. Biomark. Med. 11, 535\u2013540 (2017).","journal-title":"Biomark. Med."},{"key":"97969_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.3109\/09537104.2015.1064518","volume":"27","author":"MK Akboga","year":"2016","unstructured":"Akboga, M. K. et al. Platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a novel indicator of inflammation is correlated with the severity of metabolic syndrome: A single center large-scale study. Platelets 27, 178\u2013183 (2016).","journal-title":"Platelets"},{"key":"97969_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21178","volume":"43","author":"RK Sterling","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sterling, R. K. et al. Development of a simple noninvasive index to predict significant fibrosis in patients with HIV\/HCV coinfection. Hepatology 43, 1317\u20131325 (2006).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"97969_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50346","volume":"38","author":"CT Wai","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wai, C. T. et al. A simple noninvasive index can predict both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 38, 518\u2013526 (2003).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"97969_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21496","volume":"45","author":"P Angulo","year":"2007","unstructured":"Angulo, P. et al. The NAFLD fibrosis score: A noninvasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. Hepatology 45, 846\u2013854 (2007).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"97969_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30383-8","volume":"5","author":"PN Newsome","year":"2020","unstructured":"Newsome, P. N. et al. FibroScan-AST (FAST) score for the non-invasive identification of patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with significant activity and fibrosis: a prospective derivation and global validation study. Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 5, 362\u2013373 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"97969_CR38","first-page":"711","volume":"Chapter 7","author":"J Fuss","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fuss, J. I, Kanof E, M., Smith D, P. & Zola, H. Isolation of whole mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and cord blood. Curr. Protoc. Immunol. Chapter 7, 711\u2013718 (2009).","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Immunol."},{"key":"97969_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201970107","volume":"49","author":"A Cossarizza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cossarizza, A. et al. Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies (second edition). Eur. J. Immunol. 49, 1457\u20131973 (2019).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"97969_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perfetto, S. P. et al. Amine-reactive dyes for dead cell discrimination in fixed samples. Curr. Protoc. Cytom.  Chapter 9 Unit 9.34 (2010).","DOI":"10.1002\/0471142956.cy0934s53"},{"key":"97969_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2","volume":"162","author":"P Chomczynski","year":"1987","unstructured":"Chomczynski, P. & Sacchi, N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162, 156\u2013159 (1987).","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"97969_CR42","first-page":"69","volume":"24","author":"MM Mukaka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mukaka, M. M. Statistics corner: A guide to appropriate use of correlation coefficient in medical research. Malawi Med. J. 24, 69\u201371 (2012).","journal-title":"Malawi Med. J."},{"key":"97969_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.15281","volume":"314","author":"P Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li, P., Stuart, E. A. & Allison, D. B. Multiple imputation: A flexible tool for handling missing data. JAMA 314, 1966\u20131967 (2015).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"97969_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177730491","volume":"18","author":"HB Mann","year":"1947","unstructured":"Mann, H. B. & Whitney, D. R. On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other. Ann. Math. Stat. 18, 50\u201360 (1947).","journal-title":"Ann. Math. Stat."},{"key":"97969_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2013.018","volume":"23","author":"ML McHugh","year":"2013","unstructured":"McHugh, M. L. The chi-square test of independence. Biochem. Med. 23, 143\u2013149 (2013).","journal-title":"Biochem. Med."},{"key":"97969_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2021.103165","volume":"24","author":"H Han","year":"2021","unstructured":"Han, H. et al. Extracellular PKM2 facilitates organ-tissue fibrosis progression. iScience 24, 103165 (2021).","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"97969_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kolios, G., Valatas, V. & Kouroumalis, E. Role of Kupffer cells in the pathogenesis of liver disease. World J. Gastroenterol. 12 7413\u20137420.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v12.i46.7413   (2006).","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i46.7413"},{"key":"97969_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.10.022","volume":"13","author":"X He","year":"2016","unstructured":"He, X. et al. Prokineticin 2 plays a pivotal role in psoriasis. EBioMedicine 13, 248\u2013261 (2016).","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"97969_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI179710","volume":"134","author":"M Steffani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Steffani, M., Geng, Y., Pajvani, U. B. & Schwabe, R. F. Protective hepatocyte signals restrain liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis. J. Clin. Invest. 134, 1\u20134 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97969-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97969-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97969-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T01:23:39Z","timestamp":1757381019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-97969-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["97969"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-97969-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 September 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"29470"}}