{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T19:42:38Z","timestamp":1775504558234,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745798400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99352-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T11:15:35Z","timestamp":1745838935000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of the impact of mandibular symphysis region alterations on profile aesthetics"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4830-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elif","family":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0939-3675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00fccahid","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1887-8474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emire Ayb\u00fcke","family":"Erdur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"99352_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.09.030","volume":"128","author":"JR Maple","year":"2005","unstructured":"Maple, J. R., Vig, K. W. L., Beck, F. M., Larsen, P. E. & Shanker, S. A comparison of providers\u2019 and consumers\u2019 perceptions of facial-profile attractiveness. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 128, 690\u2013696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.09.030 (2005).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.2319\/031210-145.1","volume":"81","author":"SE Zange","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zange, S. E. et al. Perceptions of laypersons and orthodontists regarding the buccal corridor in long- and short-face individuals. Angle Orthod. 81, 86\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/031210-145.1 (2011).","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.2319\/031210-145.1","volume":"129","author":"E I\u015fiksal","year":"2006","unstructured":"I\u015fiksal, E., Hazar, S. & Akyal\u00e7in, S. Smile esthetics: Perception and comparison of treated and untreated smiles. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 129, 8\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/031210-145.1 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cotrim, E. R. et al. Perception of adults\u2019 smile esthetics among orthodontists, clinicians and laypeople. Dent. Press. J. Orthod. 20, 40\u201344 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/2176-9451.20.1.040-044.oar","DOI":"10.1590\/2176-9451.20.1.040-044.oar"},{"key":"99352_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cji098","volume":"28","author":"R Edler","year":"2006","unstructured":"Edler, R., Agarwal, P., Wertheim, D. & Greenhill, D. The use of anthropometric proportion indices in the measurement of facial attractiveness. Eur. J. Orthod. 28, 274\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cji098 (2006).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthod."},{"issue":"1","key":"99352_CR6","first-page":"7","volume":"14","author":"TA Auger","year":"1999","unstructured":"Auger, T. A. & Turley, P. K. The female soft tissue profile as presented in fashion magazines during the 1900s: A photographic analysis. Int. J. Adult Orthod. Orthog Surg. 14(1), 7\u201318 (1999).","journal-title":"Int. J. Adult Orthod. Orthog Surg."},{"key":"99352_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naini, F. B. Facial Aesthetics: Concepts & Clinical Diagnosis434 (Wiley, 2011).","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118786567"},{"key":"99352_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2100","DOI":"10.3390\/MEDICINA59122100","volume":"59","author":"D Zammit","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zammit, D., Ettinger, R. E., Sanati-Mehrizy, P. & Susarla, S. M. Current trends in orthognathic surgery. Medicina 59, 2100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/MEDICINA59122100 (2023).","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"key":"99352_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004438","volume":"141","author":"S Naran","year":"2018","unstructured":"Naran, S., Steinbacher, D. M. & Taylor, J. A. Current concepts in orthognathic surgery. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 141, 925\u2013936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PRS.0000000000004438 (2018).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"99352_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AJODO.2006.04.048","volume":"133","author":"R Shafiee","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shafiee, R., Korn, E. L., Pearson, H., Boyd, R. L. & Baumrind, S. Evaluation of facial attractiveness from end-of-treatment facial photographs. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 133, 500\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.AJODO.2006.04.048 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AJODO.2004.08.019","volume":"129","author":"J McKoy-White","year":"2006","unstructured":"McKoy-White, J., Evans, C. A., Viana, G., Anderson, N. K. & Giddon, D. B. Facial profile preferences of black women before and after orthodontic treatment. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 129, 17\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.AJODO.2004.08.019 (2006).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR12","unstructured":"Tor\u011fut, A. G. Mandibular simfizis Morfolojisinin Farkl\u0131 sagittal Malokl\u00fczyonlarda incelenmesi, nazofaringeal Yap\u0131lar Ile Ili\u015fkisi ve estetik A\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirilmesi. (2016). http:\/\/acikerisim.medipol.edu.tr\/xmlui\/handle\/20.500.12511\/8306"},{"key":"99352_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/J.JCMS.2003.09.005","volume":"32","author":"MY Mommaerts","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mommaerts, M. Y., Shteif, M., Hendrickx, K. & Laster, Z. Surgical options in deep-bite mandibular deficiency with prominent chin \u2013 aesthetic considerations. J. Cranio-Maxillofac Surg. 32, 112\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.JCMS.2003.09.005 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Cranio-Maxillofac Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"99352_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90067-3","volume":"88","author":"DJ Howells","year":"1985","unstructured":"Howells, D. J. & Shaw, W. C. The validity and reliability of ratings of dental and facial attractiveness for epidemiologic use. Am. J. Orthod. 88(5), 402\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9416(85)90067-3 (1985).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/J.AJODO.2019.12.027","volume":"159","author":"M Tugran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tugran, M. & Baka, Z. M. Esthetic evaluation of profile photographs showing various sagittal and vertical patterns. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 159, 281\u2013291. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.AJODO.2019.12.027 (2021).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2002.119573","volume":"121","author":"EF Erbay","year":"2002","unstructured":"Erbay, E. F. & Caniklio\u011flu, C. M. Soft tissue profile in Anatolian Turkish adults: Part II. Comparison of different soft tissue analyses in the evaluation of beauty. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 121, 65\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mod.2002.119573 (2002).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1055\/S-0035-1567815\/ID\/JR01187-28\/BIB","volume":"31","author":"WJ Heppt","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heppt, W. J. & Vent, J. The facial profile in the context of facial aesthetics. Facial Plast. Surg. 31, 421\u2013430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/S-0035-1567815\/ID\/JR01187-28\/BIB (2015).","journal-title":"Facial Plast. Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"99352_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(84)90278-1","volume":"86","author":"A De Smit","year":"1984","unstructured":"De Smit, A. & Dermaut, L. Soft-tissue profile preference. Am. J. Orthod. 86(1), 67\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9416(84)90278-1 (1984).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2006.04.011","volume":"59","author":"BM Jones","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jones, B. M., Vesely, M. J. J. & Genioplasty Long-term outcomes and complications. J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg. 59, 1177\u20131187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bjps.2006.04.011 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg."},{"key":"99352_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656231216833","author":"A Borzabadi-Farahani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Borzabadi-Farahani, A. Systematic review and Meta-Analysis of the index of orthognathic functional treatment need for detecting subjects with great need for orthognathic surgery. Cleft Palate Craniofac. J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10556656231216833 (2023).","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac. J."},{"issue":"11","key":"99352_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16111881","volume":"16","author":"HK Olkun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Olkun, H. K., Borzabadi-Farahani, A. & U\u00e7kan, S. Orthognathic surgery treatment need in a Turkish adult population: A retrospective study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 16(11), 1881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16111881 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"99352_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guyuron, B., Michelow, B. J. & Willis, L. Practical classification of chin deformities. Aesthetic Plast. Surg. 19, 257\u2013264  (2024).","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00451101"},{"key":"99352_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-023-03438-4","volume":"48","author":"B Guyuron","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guyuron, B., Michelow, B. J. & Willis, L. Practical classification of chin deformities. Aesthetic Plast. Surg. 48, 177\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-023-03438-4 (2024).","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast. Surg."},{"key":"99352_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-06060-z","volume":"28","author":"S \u0130nce-Bing\u00f6l","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u0130nce-Bing\u00f6l, S. & Kaya, B. The impact of dentofacial characteristics and malocclusions on dissatisfaction with dentofacial appearance. Clin. Oral Investig. 28, 661. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-024-06060-z (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Investig"},{"issue":"1","key":"99352_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.2319\/033110-181.1","volume":"81","author":"L Cao","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cao, L. et al. Effect of maxillary incisor labiolingual inclination and anteroposterior position on smiling profile esthetics. Angle Orthod. 81(1), 121\u2013129. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/033110-181.1 (2011).","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"issue":"3","key":"99352_CR26","first-page":"378","volume":"12","author":"J de Giron","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Giron, J., de la Cuadra, P. & Urizar, G. The influence of maxillary incisor torque on the esthetic perception of the smile. Int. J. Esthet Dent. 12(3), 378\u2013395 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. J. Esthet Dent."},{"key":"99352_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1043\/0003-3219(1993)063<0175:EOHAVD>2.0.CO;2","volume":"63","author":"KL Romani","year":"1993","unstructured":"Romani, K. L., Agahi, F., Nanda, R. & Zernik, J. H. Evaluation of horizontal and vertical differences in facial profiles by orthodontists and Lay people. Angle Orthod. 63, 175\u2013182. (1993).","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjq028","volume":"33","author":"SH Abu Arqoub","year":"2011","unstructured":"Abu Arqoub, S. H. & Al-Khateeb, S. N. Perception of facial profile attractiveness of different antero-posterior and vertical proportions. Eur. J. Orthod. 33, 103\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjq028 (2011).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.4103\/2278-0203.132921","volume":"3","author":"A Al Taki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Al Taki, A. & Guidoum, A. Facial profile preferences, self-awareness and perception among groups of people in the united Arab Emirates. J. Orthod. Sci. 3, 55\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2278-0203.132921 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Orthod. Sci."},{"key":"99352_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81008-X","volume":"104","author":"ST Czarnecki","year":"1993","unstructured":"Czarnecki, S. T., Nanda, R. S. & Currier, G. F. Perceptions of a balanced facial profile. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 104, 180\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0889-5406(05)81008-X (1993).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjh093","volume":"27","author":"C Johnston","year":"2005","unstructured":"Johnston, C., Hunt, O., Burden, D., Stevenson, M. & Hepper, P. The influence of mandibular prominence on facial attractiveness. Eur. J. Orthod. 27, 129\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjh093 (2005).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.12.021","volume":"135","author":"S Kuroda","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kuroda, S. et al. Influence of anteroposterior mandibular positions on facial attractiveness in Japanese adults. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 135, 73\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.12.021 (2009).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.2319\/122912-974.1","volume":"83","author":"F Modarai","year":"2013","unstructured":"Modarai, F., Donaldson, J. C. & Naini, F. B. The influence of lower lip position on the perceived attractiveness of chin prominence. Angle Orthod. 83, 795\u2013800. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/122912-974.1 (2013).","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"issue":"1","key":"99352_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2478\/aoj-2024-0013","volume":"40","author":"A Borzabadi-Farahani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Borzabadi-Farahani, A., Olkun, H. K., Eslamian, L. & Eslamipour, F. A retrospective investigation of orthognathic patients and functional needs. Aust Orthod. J. 40(1), 111\u2013120. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2478\/aoj-2024-0013 (2024).","journal-title":"Aust Orthod. J."},{"key":"99352_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2319\/051513-373.1","volume":"84","author":"M Melo Pithon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Melo Pithon, M. et al. Photos vs silhouettes for evaluation of profile esthetics between white and black evaluators. Angle Orthod. 84, 231\u2013238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2319\/051513-373.1 (2014).","journal-title":"Angle Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-014-0329-z","volume":"38","author":"F Falkensammer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Falkensammer, F., Loesch, A., Krall, C., Weiland, F. & Freudenthaler, J. The impact of education on the perception of facial profile aesthetics and treatment need. Aesthetic Plast. Surg. 38, 620\u2013629. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00266-014-0329-z (2014).","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast. Surg."},{"key":"99352_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(83)90269-5","volume":"83","author":"LA Tedesco","year":"1983","unstructured":"Tedesco, L. A. et al. A dental-facial attractiveness scale. Part I. Reliability and validity. Am. J. Orthod. 83, 38\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0002-9416(83)90269-5 (1983).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR38","unstructured":"T\u00fcrkkahraman, H. & G\u00f6kalp, H. Facial profile preferences among various layers of Turkish population. Angle Orthod. 74, 640\u2013647"},{"key":"99352_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1037\/h0031591","volume":"5","author":"JF Cross","year":"1971","unstructured":"Cross, J. F. & Cross, J. Age, sex, race, and the perception of facial beauty. Dev. Psychol. 5, 433\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0031591 (1971).","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"99352_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjl060","volume":"29","author":"RMA Kiekens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kiekens, R. M. A. et al. Influence of panel composition on aesthetic evaluation of adolescent faces. Eur. J. Orthod. 29, 95\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjl060 (2007).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1067\/mod.2000.109102","volume":"118","author":"D Hall","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hall, D. et al. The perception of optimal profile in African Americans versus white Americans as assessed by orthodontists and the Lay public. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 118, 514\u2013525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mod.2000.109102 (2000).","journal-title":"Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop."},{"key":"99352_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy062","volume":"41","author":"L Krooks","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krooks, L. et al. Association of facial sagittal and vertical characteristics with facial aesthetics in the Northern Finland birth cohort 1966. Eur. J. Orthod. 41, 279\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ejo\/cjy062 (2019).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Orthod."},{"key":"99352_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(91)90060-Y","volume":"49","author":"MA Pogrel","year":"1991","unstructured":"Pogrel, M. A. What are normal esthetic values? J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 49, 963\u2013969. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0278-2391(91)90060-Y (1991).","journal-title":"J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99352-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99352-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99352-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T11:15:38Z","timestamp":1745838938000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99352-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["99352"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-99352-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study\u2019s protocol was approved by the Necmettin Erbakan University (2022\/247). Informed consent was obtained from all participants involved in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"In this study, research involving human research participants was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human and animal rights"}}],"article-number":"14832"}}