{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,16]],"date-time":"2026-05-16T13:49:46Z","timestamp":1778939386092,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission","award":["ZK20231765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK20231765"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission","award":["ZK20231765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK20231765"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission","award":["ZK20231765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK20231765"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission","award":["ZK20231765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK20231765"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission","award":["ZK20231765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK20231765"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Project of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Health Commission","award":["ZK20231765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZK20231765"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99589-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:36:07Z","timestamp":1745555767000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative efficacy of modified Shiraki procedure and pedicled Island preputial flap in the treatment of severe concealed penis in children"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Rifang","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junzhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunlan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaopan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihua","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"99589_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2015.49","volume":"12","author":"C Marcello","year":"2015","unstructured":"Marcello, C. et al. The inconspicuous penis in children. Nat. Rev. Urol. 12, 49. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrurol.2015.49 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"issue":"4","key":"99589_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(01)62597-7","volume":"160","author":"WJ Cromie","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cromie, W. J. et al. Anatomical alignment for the correction of buried penis. J. Urol. 160 (4), 1482\u20131484 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"issue":"3","key":"99589_CR3","first-page":"1165","volume":"162","author":"AJ Casale","year":"1999","unstructured":"Casale, A. J. et al. Concealed penis in childhood: A spectrum of etiology and treatment. J. Urol. 162 (3), 1165\u20131168 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"99589_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spinoit, A. F. et al. New surgical technique for the treatment of buried penis: Results and comparison with a traditional technique in 75 patients. Urol. Int. 2013 (2), 91 (2013).","DOI":"10.1159\/000351944"},{"key":"99589_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chao, Y. & Yongsheng, C. Efficacy and safety evaluation of the scrotal skin transfer method in the treatment of pediatric concealed penis: a six-month follow-up data. Transl. Androl. Urol. 12, 2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/tau-22-852 (2023).","DOI":"10.21037\/tau-22-852"},{"key":"99589_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.23736\/s2724-6051.19.03532-x","volume":"73","author":"C Paolo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paolo, C. et al. The concealed penis: the two-corner surgical technique. Minerva Urol. Nephrol. 73, 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/s2724-6051.19.03532-x (2019).","journal-title":"Minerva Urol. Nephrol."},{"key":"99589_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2018.06.007","volume":"42","author":"G Wenliang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wenliang, G. et al. Therapeutic effects of modified Devine surgery for concealed penis in children. Asian J. Surg. 42, 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2018.06.007 (2018).","journal-title":"Asian J. Surg."},{"key":"99589_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim, J. et al. A novel technique of concealed penis repair. Eur. J. Pediatr. Surg. 24 (2), 158\u2013162 (2014).","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1343083"},{"issue":"13","key":"99589_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4592","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202207_29180","volume":"26","author":"H Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, H., Chu, Y. & Hu, Y. The modified Devine\u2019s procedure for the management of concealed penis in children: an experience of 131 cases. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 26 (13), 4592\u20134596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202207_29180 (2022).","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"99589_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2008.05.060","volume":"180","author":"MW Daniel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Daniel, M. W. et al. The pediatric penile perception score: an instrument for patient self-assessment and surgeon evaluation after hypospadias repair. J. Urol. 180, 60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.juro.2008.05.060 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"issue":"1","key":"99589_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.23736\/s2724-6051.19.03532-x","volume":"73","author":"P Caione","year":"2021","unstructured":"Caione, P. et al. The concealed penis: the two-corner surgical technique. Minerva Urol. Nephrol. 73 (1), 122\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/s2724-6051.19.03532-x (2021).","journal-title":"Minerva Urol. Nephrol."},{"issue":"6","key":"99589_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1590\/s1677-5538.Ibju.2023.0629","volume":"49","author":"P Jing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jing, P. et al. A new treatment of concealed penis: symmetrical pterygoid flap surgery. Int. Braz J. Urol. 49 (6), 740\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1677-5538.Ibju.2023.0629 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. Braz J. Urol."},{"issue":"1","key":"99589_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asjsur.2018.06.007","volume":"42","author":"W Ge","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ge, W. et al. Therapeutic effects of modified Devine surgery for concealed penis in children. Asian J. Surg. 42 (1), 356\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.asjsur.2018.06.007 (2019).","journal-title":"Asian J. Surg."},{"issue":"10","key":"99589_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.13263\/j.cnki.nja.2021.10.012","volume":"27","author":"Chinese Medical Association","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chinese Medical Association. Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of concealed penis in children. Chin. J. Phys. 27 (10), 941\u2013947. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13263\/j.cnki.nja.2021.10.012 (2021).","journal-title":"Chin. J. Phys."},{"key":"99589_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001825","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.1001825","volume":"10","author":"A Elrouby","year":"2022","unstructured":"Elrouby, A., Saad, I. & Kotb, M. Two levels vs. one level of phallopexy in the treatment of concealed penis in patients in pediatric age group. Front. Pead. 10, 1001825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fped.2022.1001825 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Pead."},{"issue":"4","key":"99589_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2015.49","volume":"12","author":"M Cimador","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cimador, M. et al. The inconspicuous penis in children. Nat. Reviews Urol. 12 (4), 205\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrurol.2015.49 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Reviews Urol."},{"issue":"1","key":"99589_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-022-01169-3","volume":"23","author":"A Elrouby","year":"2023","unstructured":"Elrouby, A. Concealed penis in pediatric age group: a comparison between three surgical techniques. BMC Urol. 23 (1), 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12894-022-01169-3 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Urol."},{"issue":"11","key":"99589_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.4111\/kju.2011.52.11.787","volume":"52","author":"J Eun-Hong","year":"2011","unstructured":"Eun-Hong, J. et al. Simple anchoring of the penopubic skin to the Prepubic deep fascia in surgical correction of buried penis. Korean J. Urol. 52 (11), 787\u2013791 (2011).","journal-title":"Korean J. Urol."},{"issue":"6","key":"99589_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.01.065","volume":"69","author":"A Borsellino","year":"2007","unstructured":"Borsellino, A. et al. Surgical approach to the concealed penis: technical refinements and outcome. Urology 69 (6), 1195\u20131198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2007.01.065 (2007).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"99589_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, C. et al. A modified surgical procedure for concealed penis. Can. Urol. Assoc. J. 9, 3028 (2015).","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.3028"},{"key":"99589_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2559","DOI":"10.1100\/2011\/238519","volume":"11","author":"A Srinivasan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Srinivasan, A., Palmer, L. & Palmer, J. Inconspicuous penis. Sci. World J. 11, 2559\u20132564. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1100\/2011\/238519 (2011).","journal-title":"Sci. World J."},{"issue":"3","key":"99589_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1136\/wjps-2020-000154","volume":"4","author":"J Lisieux","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lisieux, J. et al. Coronal sulcus-based ventral mucosal flap to help penile coverage in severe concealed penis. World J. Pediatr. Surg. 4 (3), 154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/wjps-2020-000154 (2021).","journal-title":"World J. Pediatr. Surg."},{"issue":"11","key":"99589_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.7507\/1002-1892.202004165","volume":"34","author":"X Ao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ao, X. et al. Comparison of pedicled skin flap of foreskin for phalloplasty and Sugita surgical method in treatment of complete concealed penis. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 34 (11), 165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7507\/1002-1892.202004165 (2020).","journal-title":"Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"99589_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"I W S, R. S. S. Congenital micropenile skin sleeve. J. Urol. 114 (3). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)67060-5 (1975).","DOI":"10.1016\/s0022-5347(17)67060-5"},{"issue":"10","key":"99589_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-016-1360-6","volume":"48","author":"C Chao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chao, C. et al. Effects of modified penoplasty for concealed penis in children. Int. Urol. Nephrol. 48 (10), 6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11255-016-1360-6 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. Urol. Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"99589_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.4103\/aja2022116","volume":"25","author":"Z Hong-Yi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hong-Yi, Z. et al. Buried penis: a histological and histochemical study of Dartos fascia. Asian J. Androl. 25 (5), 116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aja2022116 (2023).","journal-title":"Asian J. Androl."},{"key":"99589_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zeng, L. et al. Pedicled skin flap of foreskin for phalloplasty in the management of completely concealed penis. J. Pediatr. Surg. 47 (12), 23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.09.023 (2012).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.09.023"},{"issue":"9","key":"99589_CR28","first-page":"1","volume":"26","author":"X Zhi-Xiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhi-Xiang, X., Di, X. & Shao-Hua, H. Modified Brisson surgery combined with skin flap clipping for the treatment of severe concealed penis in children. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 26 (9), 1 (2020).","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue"},{"issue":"7","key":"99589_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.26355\/eurrev_202304_31906","volume":"27","author":"CK Mao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mao, C. K. et al. Efficacy of the modified Brisson\u2009+\u2009Devine procedure for the treatment of concealed penis. Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci. 27 (7), 906. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26355\/eurrev_202304_31906 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur. Rev. Med. Pharmacol. Sci."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99589-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99589-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99589-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]],"date-time":"2025-04-25T04:36:14Z","timestamp":1745555774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-99589-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["99589"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-99589-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This project fully considered and protected the rights and interests of the study subjects. It meets the criteria of the Ethics Review Committee. The Medical Ethics Committee of the Yulin First People\u2019s Hospital has approved the protocol.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"All subjects or guardians of the patients enrolled in the study signed an informed consent form and were informed of the purpose, content, and use of the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"14428"}}