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Electronic clinical records of patients aged 3\u201317 years who were prescribed single vision spectacle lenses between July 2012 and August 2013 (2012_13 cohort) and between July 2018 and August 2019 (2018_19 cohort) were analyzed. Follow-up duration ranged from 12 to 51 months, and axial elongation was normalized to a 12-month change. There were 330 and 165 patients in the 2012_13 and 2018_19 cohorts, respectively. The annualized axial elongation, expressed as mean (standard error), was 0.27 (0.01) mm for the 2012_13 cohort and 0.26 (0.01) mm for the 2018_19 cohort. In both cohorts, median annual axial growth was \u2265\u20090.40\u00a0mm at ages 3\u20135, \u2265\u20090.30\u00a0mm at ages 6\u20138, \u2265\u20090.20\u00a0mm at ages 9\u201310, \u2265\u20090.10\u00a0mm at ages 11\u201313, and &lt;\u20090.10\u00a0mm at ages 14\u201317. Younger age was closely associated with faster annualized axial elongation, with each year of increase in baseline age results in a decrease in annualized axial growth by 0.04\u00a0mm. These findings serve as a useful reference for future myopia control trials to assess treatment efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-99954-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]],"date-time":"2025-05-03T03:15:13Z","timestamp":1746242113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Axial elongation among Hong Kong myopic children and adolescents wearing single vision spectacles from a clinical setting"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kryshell Yu Qi","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel Ka Man","family":"Chun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew Kwok Cheung","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"99954_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2340986","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.40986","volume":"6","author":"S Agyekum","year":"2023","unstructured":"Agyekum, S. et al. 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