{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:59:49Z","timestamp":1792123189992,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-35403-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T03:26:32Z","timestamp":1767842792000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The association of parental COVID-19 vaccination decisions with the mental health and lifestyle of children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Verena","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuliano","family":"Piccoliori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolf","family":"Engl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian J.","family":"Wiedermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"35403_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Auriemma, V. & Iannaccone, C. COVID-19 pandemic: Socio-Economic consequences of social distancing measures in Italy. Frontiers Sociology 5\u20132020, (2020).","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2020.575791"},{"key":"35403_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-021-00438-7","volume":"20","author":"SI Mallah","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mallah, S. I. et al. COVID-19: breaking down a global health crisis. Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob. 20, 35 (2021).","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Microbiol. Antimicrob."},{"key":"35403_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11858","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39064-y","volume":"13","author":"M Br\u00fclhart","year":"2023","unstructured":"Br\u00fclhart, M., Klotzb\u00fccher, V. & Lalive, R. Young people\u2019s mental and social distress in times of international crisis: evidence from helpline calls, 2019\u20132022. Sci. Rep. 13, 11858 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"35403_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chc.2024.03.001","volume":"33","author":"TD Benton","year":"2024","unstructured":"Benton, T. D., Beers, L., Carlson, G. & Kee Ng, W. Y. The declaration of the National emergency in child and adolescent mental health: it takes a village. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatr Clin. N Am. 33, 277\u2013291 (2024).","journal-title":"Child. Adolesc. Psychiatr Clin. N Am."},{"key":"35403_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2023.105502","volume":"156","author":"A Dessain","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dessain, A. et al. Mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in children and adolescents with ADHD: A systematic review of controlled longitudinal cohort studies. Neurosci. Biobehav Rev. 156, 105502 (2024).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav Rev."},{"key":"35403_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275917","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1275917","volume":"11","author":"E Orban","year":"2023","unstructured":"Orban, E. et al. Mental health and quality of life in children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Front. Public. Health. 11, 1275917 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR7","first-page":"333","volume":"46","author":"R Saulle","year":"2022","unstructured":"Saulle, R. et al. School closures and mental health, wellbeing and health behaviours among children and adolescents during the second COVID-19 wave: a systematic review of the literature. Epidemiol. Prev. 46, 333\u2013352 (2022).","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Prev."},{"key":"35403_CR8","unstructured":"Weissbourd, R. et al. Caring for the caregivers. The critical link between parent and teen mental health. Making Caring Common. President Fellows Harv. College (2023). https:\/\/mcc.gse.harvard.edu\/reports\/caring-for-the-caregivers"},{"key":"35403_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph21070933","volume":"21","author":"V Barbieri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Barbieri, V., Piccoliori, G., Engl, A. & Wiedermann, C. J. Parental mental health, gender, and lifestyle effects on post-pandemic child and adolescent psychosocial ppoblems: A cross-sectional survey in Northern Italy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 21, 933 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-023-00996-2","volume":"45","author":"F Krammer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Krammer, F. The role of vaccines in the COVID-19 pandemic: what have we learned? Semin Immunopathol. 45, 451\u2013468 (2024).","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol."},{"key":"35403_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroecorev.2022.104293","volume":"150","author":"K Chaudhuri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaudhuri, K. & Howley, P. The impact of COVID-19 vaccination for mental well-being. Eur. Econ. Rev. 150, 104293 (2022).","journal-title":"Eur. Econ. Rev."},{"key":"35403_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"878787","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.878787","volume":"10","author":"D Seddig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Seddig, D., Maskileyson, D. & Davidov, E. Vaccination against COVID-19 reduces virus-related fears: findings from a German longitudinal study. Front. Public. Health. 10, 878787 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR13","unstructured":"CDC. Mental health of children and parents\u2014a strong connection. Centers Disease Control Prevention (2021). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/childrensmentalhealth\/features\/mental-health-children-and-parents.html"},{"key":"35403_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16061049","volume":"16","author":"CY Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang, C. Y. et al. Relationships between parent-reported parenting, child-perceived parenting, and children\u2019s mental health in Taiwanese children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 16, 1049 (2019).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Penner, F., Contreras, H. T., Elzaki, Y., Santos, R. P. & Sarver, D. E. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, vaccination, and mental health: A National study among U.S. Parents. Curr. Psychol. 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12144-023-04740-9 (2023).","DOI":"10.1007\/s12144-023-04740-9"},{"key":"35403_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines11020234","volume":"11","author":"M Di Fusco","year":"2023","unstructured":"Di Fusco, M. et al. The societal value of vaccines: Expert-based conceptual framework and methods using COVID-19 vaccines as a case study. Vaccines (Basel). 11, 234 (2023).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Profeti, S. & Toth, F. Climbing the \u2018ladder of intrusiveness\u2019: the Italian government\u2019s strategy to push the Covid-19 vaccination coverage further. Policy Sci. 1\u201323 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11077-023-09509-2 (2023).","DOI":"10.1007\/s11077-023-09509-2"},{"key":"35403_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9121469","volume":"9","author":"L Russo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Russo, L. et al. Intention of parents to immunize children against SARS-CoV-2 in Italy. Vaccines (Basel). 9, 1469 (2021).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR19","unstructured":"ItalyPass Italy Green Pass. Italy Green Pass https:\/\/italygreenpass.com\/ (2022)."},{"key":"35403_CR20","first-page":"625","volume":"9","author":"M Marrone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marrone, M. et al. COVID-19 vaccination in Italian children: the limits of parental rights. Child. (Basel). 9, 625 (2022).","journal-title":"Child. (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-022-01390-8","volume":"48","author":"V Cupertino","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cupertino, V. et al. The awareness and acceptance of anti-COVID 19 vaccination in adolescence. Ital. J. Pediatr. 48, 194 (2022).","journal-title":"Ital. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"35403_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2024.05.069","volume":"42","author":"SA Davey","year":"2024","unstructured":"Davey, S. A., Hampson, C., Christodoulaki, M. E. & Gaffiero, D. Investigating the predictors of COVID-19 vaccine decision-making among parents of children aged 5\u201311 in the UK. Vaccine 42, 126021 (2024).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"35403_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818801500203","volume":"15","author":"IM Rosenstock","year":"1988","unstructured":"Rosenstock, I. M., Strecher, V. J. & Becker, M. H. Social learning theory and the health belief model. Health Educ. Q. 15, 175\u2013183 (1988).","journal-title":"Health Educ. Q."},{"key":"35403_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1037\/dev0001212","volume":"57","author":"MH Donker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Donker, M. H., Mastrotheodoros, S. & Branje, S. Development of parent-adolescent relationships during the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of stress and coping. Dev. Psychol. 57, 1611\u20131622 (2021).","journal-title":"Dev. Psychol."},{"key":"35403_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2022.114736","volume":"296","author":"M Kalmijn","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kalmijn, M. Intergenerational transmission of health behaviors in a changing demographic context: the case of smoking and alcohol consumption. Soc. Sci. Med. 296, 114736 (2022).","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"35403_CR26","first-page":"569","volume":"36","author":"CJ Wiedermann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wiedermann, C. J., Barbieri, V., Plagg, B., Piccoliori, G. & Engl, A. Vaccine hesitancy in South tyrol: a narrative review of insights and strategies for public health improvement. Ann. Ig. 36, 569\u2013579 (2024).","journal-title":"Ann. Ig."},{"key":"35403_CR27","unstructured":"Ministero della Salute. Campagna vaccinale Autunno-Inverno 2023\/2024. Report Vaccini Anti Covid-19 (2024). https:\/\/www.governo.it\/it\/cscovid19\/report-vaccini\/#"},{"key":"35403_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10101584","volume":"10","author":"V Barbieri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barbieri, V. et al. Vaccine hesitancy during the coronavirus pandemic in South Tyrol, italy: linguistic correlates in a representative cross-sectional survey. Vaccines (Basel). 10, 1584 (2022).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12020176","volume":"12","author":"V Barbieri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Barbieri, V. et al. Vaccine hesitancy and public mistrust during pandemic decline: findings from 2021 and 2023 cross-sectional surveys in Northern Italy. Vaccines (Basel). 12, 176 (2024).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.3390\/children10050895","volume":"10","author":"V Barbieri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Barbieri, V. et al. Evolution of youth\u2019s mental health and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Tyrol, italy: comparison of two representative surveys. Children 10, 895 (2023).","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"35403_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5220","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19095220","volume":"19","author":"V Barbieri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barbieri, V. et al. Quality of life and mental health in children and adolescents after the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: A large population-based survey in South Tyrol, Italy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health. 19, 5220 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129073","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1129073","volume":"11","author":"U Ravens-Sieberer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ravens-Sieberer, U. et al. Three years into the pandemic: results of the longitudinal German COPSY study on youth mental health and health-related quality of life. Front. Public. Health. 11, 1129073 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-9186-7_11","volume-title":"Advances in Cross-National Comparison: A European Working Book for Demographic and Socio-Economic Variables","author":"H Brauns","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brauns, H., Scherer, S. & Steinmann, S. The CASMIN ducational classification in international comparative research. In Advances in Cross-National Comparison: A European Working Book for Demographic and Socio-Economic Variables (eds Hoffmeyer-Zlotnik, J. H. P. & Wolf, C.) 221\u2013244 (Springer US, 2003). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4419-9186-7_11."},{"key":"35403_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-013-0428-3","volume":"23","author":"U Ravens-Sieberer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ravens-Sieberer, U. et al. The European KIDSCREEN approach to measure quality of life and well-being in children: development, current application, and future advances. Qual. Life Res. 23, 791\u2013803 (2014).","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"35403_CR35","unstructured":"Blom, K. I. D. S. C. R. E. E. N. & Italian kidscreen.org http:\/\/www.kidscreen.org\/contacts\/italian\/"},{"key":"35403_CR36","unstructured":"German (Switzerland). kidscreen.org http:\/\/www.kidscreen.org\/contacts\/german-switzerland\/"},{"key":"35403_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1397-5400","volume":"40","author":"A Kaman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kaman, A. et al. Belastungserleben und Psychische Auff\u00e4lligkeiten von kindern und Jugendlichen in Hamburg w\u00e4hrend der COVID-19-Pandemie - Ergebnisse der COPSY-Studie-Hamburg [Burden and mental health problems of children and adolescents in Hamburg during the COVID-19 pandemic - Results of the COPSY study Hamburg]. Nervenheilkunde 40, 319\u2013326 (2021).","journal-title":"Nervenheilkunde"},{"key":"35403_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-014-0638-4","volume":"24","author":"U Ravens-Sieberer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ravens-Sieberer, U. et al. The longitudinal BELLA study: design, methods and first results on the course of mental health problems. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry. 24, 651\u2013663 (2015).","journal-title":"Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"35403_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199910000-00011","volume":"38","author":"B Birmaher","year":"1999","unstructured":"Birmaher, B. et al. Psychometric properties of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): a replication study. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 38, 1230\u20131236 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"35403_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1753-2000-4-19","volume":"4","author":"K Weitkamp","year":"2010","unstructured":"Weitkamp, K., Romer, G., Rosenthal, S., Wiegand-Grefe, S. & Daniels, J. German screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED): Reliability, Validity, and Cross-Informant agreement in a clinical sample. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment Health. 4, 19 (2010).","journal-title":"Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry Ment Health"},{"key":"35403_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.janxdis.2009.04.003","volume":"23","author":"E Crocetti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Crocetti, E., Hale, W. W., Fermani, A., Raaijmakers, Q. & Meeus, W. Psychometric properties of the screen for child anxiety related emotional disorders (SCARED) in the general Italian adolescent population: a validation and a comparison between Italy and the Netherlands. J. Anxiety Disord. 23, 824\u2013829 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Anxiety Disord"},{"key":"35403_CR42","unstructured":"D\u2019Argenio, P. et al. Confronto Tra due test per La Sorveglianza dei sintomi depressivi Nella popolazione. Not Ist Super Sanit\u00e0 26, (2013)."},{"key":"35403_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2018.02.037","volume":"232","author":"M Schuler","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schuler, M. et al. Assessment of depression before and after inpatient rehabilitation in COPD patients: psychometric properties of the German version of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9\/PHQ-2). J. Affect. Disord. 232, 268\u2013275 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord"},{"key":"35403_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x","volume":"38","author":"R Goodman","year":"1997","unstructured":"Goodman, R. The strengths and difficulties questionnaire: a research note. J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry. 38, 581\u2013586 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Child. Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"35403_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-200111000-00015","volume":"40","author":"R Goodman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Goodman, R. Psychometric properties of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry. 40, 1337\u20131345 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Child. Adolesc. Psychiatry"},{"key":"35403_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-022-01698-3","volume":"22","author":"A Heinz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Heinz, A. et al. Item response theory and differential test functioning analysis of the HBSC-Symptom-Checklist across 46 countries. BMC Med. Res. Methodol. 22, 253 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Med. Res. Methodol."},{"key":"35403_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/11.1.4","volume":"11","author":"S Haugland","year":"2001","unstructured":"Haugland, S., Wold, B., Stevenson, J., Aaroe, L. E. & Woynarowska, B. Subjective health complaints in adolescence. A cross-national comparison of prevalence and dimensionality. Eur. J. Public. Health. 11, 4\u201310 (2001).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10071155","volume":"10","author":"JB Krakowczyk","year":"2022","unstructured":"Krakowczyk, J. B. et al. COVID-19 vaccine for children: vaccination willingness of parents and its associated factors- A network analysis. Vaccines (Basel). 10, 1155 (2022).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines10091483","volume":"10","author":"LL Campanozzi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Campanozzi, L. L., Tambone, V. & Ciccozzi, M. A lesson from the green pass experience in italy: A narrative review. Vaccines (Basel). 10, 1483 (2022).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12060568","volume":"12","author":"KH Nguyen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nguyen, K. H., Bao, Y., Mortazavi, J., Corlin, L. & Allen, J. D. Reasons for COVID-19 non-vaccination from 2021 to 2023 for adults, adolescents, and children. Vaccines (Basel). 12, 568 (2024).","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"35403_CR51","unstructured":"Ministero della Salute. - Report Vaccini Anti Covid-19. https:\/\/www.governo.it\/it\/cscovid19\/report-vaccini\/"},{"key":"35403_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu, S., Durantini, M. R., Calabrese, C., Sanchez, F. & Albarracin, D. A systematic review and meta-analysis of strategies to promote vaccination uptake. Nat. Hum. Behav. 1\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-024-01940-6 (2024).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-024-01940-6"},{"key":"35403_CR53","first-page":"10","volume":"59","author":"C Primieri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Primieri, C., Bietta, C., Giacchetta, I., Chiavarini, M. & de Waure, C. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance or hesitancy in italy: an overview of the current evidence. Annali dell\u2019Istituto Superiore Di Sanit\u00e0. 59, 10\u201325 (2023).","journal-title":"Annali dell\u2019Istituto Superiore Di Sanit\u00e0"},{"key":"35403_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1177\/0093650220952227","volume":"49","author":"L Marciano","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marciano, L., Petrocchi, S. & Camerini, A. L. Parental knowledge of children\u2019s screen time: the role of parent-child relationship and communication. Commun. Res. 49, 792\u2013815 (2022).","journal-title":"Commun. Res."},{"key":"35403_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1111\/cdev.12171","volume":"85","author":"Y Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, Y. & Benner, A. D. Parent-child discrepancies in educational expectations: differential effects of actual versus perceived discrepancies. Child. Dev. 85, 891\u2013900 (2014).","journal-title":"Child. Dev."},{"key":"35403_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-024-02048-w","author":"MH Donker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Donker, M. H., Mastrotheodoros, S., Yanagida, T. & Branje, S. Changes in adolescents\u2019 COVID-19-health-related stress, parent-adolescent relationships, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: the effect of personality traits. J. Youth Adolesc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10964-024-02048-w (2024).","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"35403_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2335","DOI":"10.1080\/13229400.2023.2168561","volume":"29","author":"A Shum","year":"2023","unstructured":"Shum, A. et al. Parenting in a pandemic: a qualitative exploration of parents\u2019 experiences of supporting their children during the COVID-19 pandemic. J. Fam Stud. 29, 2335\u20132355 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Fam Stud."},{"key":"35403_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1111\/fare.12571","volume":"70","author":"ML Kerr","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kerr, M. L., Rasmussen, H. F., Fanning, K. A. & Braaten, S. M. Parenting during COVID-19: A study of parents\u2019 experiences across gender and income levels. Fam Relat. 70, 1327\u20131342 (2021).","journal-title":"Fam Relat."},{"key":"35403_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1111\/josh.13449","volume":"94","author":"G Lo Moro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lo Moro, G. et al. Parental perception of children\u2019s mental health during the pandemic: insights from an Italian cross-sectional study. J. Sch. Health. 94, 539\u2013550 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Sch. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2013.09.007","volume":"37","author":"M Persike","year":"2014","unstructured":"Persike, M. & Seiffge-Krenke, I. Is stress perceived differently in relationships with parents and peers? Inter- and intra-regional comparisons on adolescents from 21 nations. J. Adolesc. 37, 493\u2013504 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Adolesc."},{"key":"35403_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-021-01489-x","volume":"50","author":"LHC Janssen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Janssen, L. H. C., Verkuil, B., van Houtum, L. A. E. M., Wever, M. C. M. & Elzinga, B. M. Perceptions of parenting in daily life: Adolescent-parent differences and associations with adolescent affect. J. Youth Adolesc. 50, 2427\u20132443 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Youth Adolesc."},{"key":"35403_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2024.01.025","volume":"74","author":"CM Moore","year":"2024","unstructured":"Moore, C. M., Wakim, P. G. & Taylor, H. A. Factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine decision-making and satisfaction: A survey of U.S. High school students. J. Adolesc. Health. 74, 1139\u20131145 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"35403_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s11673-023-10252-9","volume":"21","author":"M Brusa","year":"2024","unstructured":"Brusa, M. & Barilan, Y. M. No need for parental involvement in the vaccination choice of adolescents. J. Bioeth. Inq. 21, 47\u201354 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Bioeth. Inq."},{"key":"35403_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-022-01794-2","volume":"22","author":"D Watson","year":"2023","unstructured":"Watson, D. et al. How do we best engage young people in decision-making about their health? A scoping review of deliberative priority setting methods. Int. J. Equity Health. 22, 17 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Equity Health"},{"key":"35403_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1086\/724746","volume":"34","author":"RS Olick","year":"2023","unstructured":"Olick, R. S., Yang, Y. T. & Shaw, J. When adolescents disagree with their Vaccine-Hesitant parents about COVID-19 vaccination. J. Clin. Ethics. 34, 158\u2013168 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Ethics"},{"key":"35403_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11035","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-60548-y","volume":"14","author":"I Matteucci","year":"2024","unstructured":"Matteucci, I. & Corsi, M. Adolescents\u2019 attitudes, habits, identity and social support in relation to physical activity after the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci. Rep. 14, 11035 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"35403_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2024.102724","volume":"42","author":"H Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu, H. et al. Positive and negative factors of parents vaccinating their children against COVID-19: an umbrella review. Prev. Med. Rep. 42, 102724 (2024).","journal-title":"Prev. Med. Rep."},{"key":"35403_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.06.027","volume":"41","author":"A Bolio","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bolio, A., Goldstein, I., Rauh, L., Ratzan, S. & Statement Multisectoral actions to build trust at the local and community level to promote vaccine acceptance. Vaccine 41, 4771\u20134776 (2023).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"35403_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1177\/0020731415585986","volume":"45","author":"RA Hahn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hahn, R. A. & Truman, B. I. Education improves public health and promotes health equity. Int. J. Health Serv. 45, 657\u2013678 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Health Serv."},{"key":"35403_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-013-0658-2","volume":"48","author":"R Goodman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Goodman, R. Online child and adolescent mental health surveys can be good enough. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 48, 1317\u20131325 (2013).","journal-title":"Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol."},{"key":"35403_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumar, A., Chandran, S. & Somani, A. Conducting online web-based surveys at the time of COVID-19 pandemic: A short report. Archives Mental Health 22, (2021).","DOI":"10.4103\/AMH.AMH_44_20"},{"key":"35403_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbieri, V. et al. Vaccine hesitancy and public mistrust during pandemic decline: findings from 2021 and 2023 Cross-Sectional surveys in Northern Italy. Vaccines (Basel) 12, (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12020176"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35403-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35403-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35403-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T11:02:57Z","timestamp":1770202977000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35403-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["35403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-35403-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"31 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano, Italy (protocol code 52-2021 on April 21, 2021; protocol code 0304767 on March 16, 2022; protocol code 16-2023 on March 15, 2023). Informed consent was obtained from all participants. The voluntary online provision of information by adolescents implies the need for informed consent. Additionally, the parents provided consent for their children to participate in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethic Statement"}}],"article-number":"4853"}}