{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:19:24Z","timestamp":1792113564466,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":23,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>XpressO is a digital cognitive prescreening tool developed by Montreal Cognition (MoCA Test Inc.). In this study, we evaluated real-world online data collected through XpressO in 2024 and early 2025, based on over 50,000 self-enrolled online participants. In line with expectations, we found that the XpressO score\u2014which predicts screening positive for (mild) cognitive impairment\u2014is associated with sex, age, and education. The results indicated that women have a 5.8% [5.3%, 6.3%] lower relative risk of prescreening positive for cognitive impairment, each additional year of age increases the relative risk by 0.59% [0.57%, 0.60%], whereas each year of education decreases the relative risk by 0.99% [0.94%, 1.06%]. We also visualized and quantified interaction effects among these demographic variables as predictors of the XpressO score. While the interaction effect between sex and age was not statistically significant, all other interaction terms, including the three-way interaction between sex, age, and education, were significantly associated with the XpressO score. Additionally, adjusting for demographic factors reduced the observed effect of potential confounders, the language and the platform used. However, when we evaluated a score adjusted for demographics in a clinical cohort of 101 participants, we found that this adjustment slightly but significantly reduced the discriminatory power of the XpressO tool in identifying individuals with cognitive impairment from 0.86 to 0.81. These findings from a real-world online cohort offer novel insights into the complex influence of demographic factors on digital cognitive prescreening. Moreover, they demonstrate that XpressO is a viable tool for online prescreening and can help streamline the diagnostic pathway for individuals who may be eligible for disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-35640-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T20:06:25Z","timestamp":1768334785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Real-world evidence from 50,000 online participants using MoCA-XpressO for cognitive prescreening"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Willem","family":"Huijbers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hans-Aloys","family":"Wischmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna","family":"Gruber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kacylia","family":"Pistoia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Krieger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murray","family":"Gillies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziad","family":"Nasreddine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"35640_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011146","volume":"7","author":"L Lang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lang, L. et al. Prevalence and determinants of undetected dementia in the community: A systematic literature review and a meta-analysis. BMJ Open 7, e011146 (2017).","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"35640_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2023.131","volume":"11","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Jun, H., Becker, A., Wallick, C. & Mattke, S. Detection rates of mild cognitive impairment in primary care for the united states medicare population. J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. 11, 7\u201312 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"35640_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01272-z","volume":"15","author":"S Mattke","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mattke, S. et al. Expected and diagnosed rates of mild cognitive impairment and dementia in the U.S. Medicare population: Observational analysis. Alz. Res. Therapy 15, 128 (2023).","journal-title":"Alz. Res. Therapy"},{"key":"35640_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e105","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(21)00249-8","volume":"7","author":"E Nichols","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nichols, E. et al. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Public Health 7, e105\u2013e125 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"35640_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12638","volume":"18","author":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 18, 700\u2013789 (2022).","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"35640_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bartels, S. J. The Underside of the Silver Tsunami\u2014Older Adults and Mental Health Care. n engl j med (2013).","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1211456"},{"key":"35640_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-150692","volume":"49","author":"B Dubois","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dubois, B., Padovani, A., Scheltens, P., Rossi, A. & Dell\u2019Agnello, G. Timely diagnosis for Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A literature review on benefits and challenges. JAD 49, 617\u2013631 (2015).","journal-title":"JAD"},{"key":"35640_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70054","volume":"21","author":"S Mattke","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mattke, S., Yue, S., Becker, A. & Liu, Y. Demographic and clinical characteristics of initial patients receiving amyloid-targeting treatments in the United States after regulatory approval. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 21, e70054 (2025).","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"35640_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12470","volume":"18","author":"S Mattke","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mattke, S. & Hanson, M. Expected wait times for access to a disease-modifying Alzheimer\u2019s treatment in the United States. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 18, 1071\u20131074 (2022).","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"35640_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-00999-9","volume":"7","author":"D Berron","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berron, D. et al. A remote digital memory composite to detect cognitive impairment in memory clinic samples in unsupervised settings using mobile devices. npj Digit. Med. 7, 79 (2024).","journal-title":"npj Digit. Med."},{"key":"35640_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjpad.2025.100077","volume":"12","author":"J Dumurgier","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dumurgier, J. et al. MemScreen: A smartphone application for detection of mild cognitive impairment: A validation study. J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. 12, 100077 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"35640_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pdig.0000613","volume":"3","author":"J Marquardt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marquardt, J. et al. Identifying older adults at risk for dementia based on smartphone data obtained during a wayfinding task in the real world. PLOS Digit Health 3, e0000613 (2024).","journal-title":"PLOS Digit Health"},{"key":"35640_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70047","volume":"21","author":"CP Molinare","year":"2025","unstructured":"Molinare, C. P. et al. Using remote, digital, multi-day testing to characterize long-term forgetting in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 21, e70047 (2025).","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"35640_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.26833","volume":"95","author":"KV Papp","year":"2024","unstructured":"Papp, K. V. et al. Early detection of amyloid-related changes in memory among cognitively unimpaired older adults with daily digital testing. Ann. Neurol. 95, 507\u2013517 (2024).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"35640_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Polk, S. E. et al. A scoping review of remote and unsupervised digital cognitive assessments in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Preprint at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2024.09.25.24314349 (2024).","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.09.25.24314349"},{"key":"35640_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1007\/s12553-020-00426-5","volume":"10","author":"F Thabtah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thabtah, F., Peebles, D., Retzler, J. & Hathurusingha, C. A review of dementia screening tools based on Mobile application. Health Technol. 10, 1011\u20131022 (2020).","journal-title":"Health Technol."},{"key":"35640_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.082148","volume":"19","author":"J Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, J., Chen, N., Xia, H., Wang, Z. & Li, Y. Design and application of a game-based WeChat mini-program for screening cognitive impairments in Chinese older adults. Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia 19, e082148 (2023).","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dementia"},{"key":"35640_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-024-03475-9","volume":"31","author":"PM Butler","year":"2025","unstructured":"Butler, P. M. et al. Smartwatch- and smartphone-based remote assessment of brain health and detection of mild cognitive impairment. Nat. Med. 31, 829\u2013839 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"35640_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617720000752","volume":"27","author":"NH Stricker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Stricker, N. H. et al. Mayo normative studies: Regression-based normative data for the auditory verbal learning test for ages 30\u201391 years and the importance of adjusting for sex. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 27, 211\u2013226 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"35640_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-024-07691-6","author":"H-A Wischmann","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wischmann, H.-A., Logroscino, G., Kurth, T. & Piccininni, M. Consequences of age and education correction of cognitive screening tests\u2014A simulation study of the MoCA test in Italy. Neurol. Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-024-07691-6 (2024).","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"35640_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.18902","author":"S Klil-Drori","year":"2024","unstructured":"Klil-Drori, S. et al. Montreal cognitive assessment ( MoCA ) XpressO\u202f: Validation of a digital self-administered cognitive prescreening tool. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. JGS https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgs.18902 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. JGS"},{"key":"35640_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53221.x","volume":"53","author":"ZS Nasreddine","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nasreddine, Z. S. et al. The montreal cognitive assessment, MoCA: A brief screening tool for mild cognitive impairment. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 53, 695\u2013699 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"35640_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00603-8","volume":"12","author":"AE Thomann","year":"2020","unstructured":"Thomann, A. E., Berres, M., Goettel, N., Steiner, L. A. & Monsch, A. U. Enhanced diagnostic accuracy for neurocognitive disorders: A revised cut-off approach for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Alz. Res. Therapy 12, 39 (2020).","journal-title":"Alz. Res. Therapy"},{"key":"35640_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2020.1746348","volume":"24","author":"CJWH Bruijnen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bruijnen, C. J. W. H. et al. Psychometric properties of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in healthy participants aged 18\u201370. Int. J. Psychiatry Clin. Pract. 24, 293\u2013300 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Psychiatry Clin. Pract."},{"key":"35640_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2237","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2021.1967450","volume":"36","author":"BC Sachs","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sachs, B. C. et al. Robust demographically-adjusted normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA): Results from the systolic blood pressure intervention trial. Clin. Neuropsychol. 36, 2237\u20132259 (2022).","journal-title":"Clin. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"35640_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-180080","volume":"64","author":"AE Thomann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thomann, A. E. et al. The montreal cognitive assessment: Normative data from a German-speaking cohort and comparison with international normative samples. JAD 64, 643\u2013655 (2018).","journal-title":"JAD"},{"key":"35640_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2022.220093R1","volume":"35","author":"RS White","year":"2022","unstructured":"White, R. S., Barber, J. M., Harp, J. P. & Jicha, G. A. Examining the effects of formal education level on the montreal cognitive assessment. J. Am. Board Fam. Med. 35, 1043\u20131057 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Am. Board Fam. Med."},{"key":"35640_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70191-6","volume":"11","author":"Y Stern","year":"2012","unstructured":"Stern, Y. Cognitive reserve in ageing and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Lancet Neurol. 11, 1006\u20131012 (2012).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"35640_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S37929","author":"M Mielke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mielke, M., Vemuri, P. & Rocca, W. Clinical epidemiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Assessing sex and gender differences. CLEP https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/CLEP.S37929 (2014).","journal-title":"CLEP"},{"key":"35640_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181f11d85","volume":"75","author":"RC Petersen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Petersen, R. C. et al. Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment is higher in men: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Neurology 75, 889\u2013897 (2010).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"35640_CR31","first-page":"1","volume":"51","author":"W Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai, W. et al. Worldwide prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among community dwellers aged 50 years and older: A meta-analysis and systematic review of epidemiology studies. Age Aging 51, 1\u201314 (2022).","journal-title":"Age Aging"},{"key":"35640_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1159\/000516341","volume":"50","author":"K Engedal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Engedal, K. et al. Sex differences on montreal cognitive assessment and mini-mental state examination scores and the value of self-report of memory problems among community dwelling people 70 years and above: The HUNT Study. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 50, 74\u201384 (2021).","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord."},{"key":"35640_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e106","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(20)30258-9","volume":"6","author":"M Bloomberg","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bloomberg, M. et al. Sex differences and the role of education in cognitive ageing: analysis of two UK-based prospective cohort studies. Lancet Public Health 6, e106\u2013e115 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"35640_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5170","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12165170","volume":"12","author":"JF Scheffels","year":"2023","unstructured":"Scheffels, J. F. et al. The influence of age, gender and education on neuropsychological test scores: Updated clinical norms for five widely used cognitive assessments. JCM 12, 5170 (2023).","journal-title":"JCM"},{"key":"35640_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318230208a","volume":"77","author":"HC Rossetti","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rossetti, H. C., Lacritz, L. H., Cullum, C. M. & Weiner, M. F. Normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in a population-based sample. Neurology 77, 1272\u20131275 (2011).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"35640_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1080\/13825585.2015.1041449","volume":"22","author":"M Malek-Ahmadi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Malek-Ahmadi, M. et al. Age- and education-adjusted normative data for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) in older adults age 70\u201399. Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn. 22, 755\u2013761 (2015).","journal-title":"Aging Neuropsychol. Cogn."},{"key":"35640_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4756","volume":"33","author":"N Carson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Carson, N., Leach, L. & Murphy, K. J. A re-examination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) cutoff scores. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry 33, 379\u2013388 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"35640_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acp111","volume":"25","author":"ME O\u2019Connell","year":"2010","unstructured":"O\u2019Connell, M. E. & Tuokko, H. Age corrections and dementia classification accuracy. Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. 25, 126\u2013138 (2010).","journal-title":"Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol."},{"key":"35640_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610298005134","volume":"10","author":"HC Kraemer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kraemer, H. C., Moritz, D. J. & Yesavage, J. Adjusting mini-mental state examination scores for age and educational level to screen for dementia: Correcting bias or reducing validity?. Int. Psychogeriatr. 10, 43\u201351 (1998).","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"35640_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617797003172","volume":"3","author":"M Sliwinski","year":"1997","unstructured":"Sliwinski, M., Buschke, H., Steward, W. F., Masur, D. & Lipton, R. The effect of dementia risk factors on comparative and diagnostic selective reminding norms. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. 3, 317\u2013326 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"35640_CR41","unstructured":"Division of Statistics on Education, O. of S. International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). (Abridged edition. Paris\u202f: Unesco, 1975., 1975)."},{"key":"35640_CR42","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing (2024)."},{"key":"35640_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24277-4","volume-title":"Ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data","author":"H Wickham","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wickham, H. Ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data (Springer-Verlag, 2016)."},{"key":"35640_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-12-77","volume":"12","author":"X Robin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Robin, X. et al. pROC: an open-source package for R and S+ to analyze and compare ROC curves. BMC Bioinform. 12, 77 (2011).","journal-title":"BMC Bioinform."},{"key":"35640_CR45","unstructured":"Rich, B. table1: Tables of Descriptive Statistics in HTML (2023)."},{"key":"35640_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v111.i09","volume":"111","author":"V Arel-Bundock","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arel-Bundock, V., Greifer, N. & Heiss, A. How to interpret statistical models using marginaleffects for R and Python. J. Stat. Soft. 111, 1\u201332 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Stat. Soft."},{"key":"35640_CR47","unstructured":"U.S. Census Bureau. Current Population Survey, Annual Social and Economic Supplement (2020)."},{"key":"35640_CR48","unstructured":"Statistics Canada. Statistics Canada. Census Profile. 2021. 98\u2013316-X2021001. https:\/\/www12.statcan.gc.ca\/census-recensement\/2021\/dp-pd\/prof\/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed (2021)."},{"key":"35640_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.10.003","volume":"15","author":"RER Slot","year":"2019","unstructured":"Slot, R. E. R. et al. Subjective cognitive decline and rates of incident Alzheimer\u2019s disease and non\u2013Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia. Alzheimer\u2019s Dement. 15, 465\u2013476 (2019).","journal-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s Dement."},{"key":"35640_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2024.39","volume":"11","author":"R Tank","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tank, R. et al. Examining demographic factors, psychosocial wellbeing and cardiovascular health in subjective cognitive decline in the brain health registry cohort. J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis. 11, 787\u2013797 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimer\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"35640_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2305032","volume":"389","author":"RA Sperling","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sperling, R. A. et al. Trial of solanezumab in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease. N Engl. J. Med. 389, 1096\u20131107 (2023).","journal-title":"N Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"35640_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petersen, R.C. et al. Practice guideline update summary: Mild cognitive impairment. Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 90, 126\u2013135 (2018).","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004826"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35640-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35640-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35640-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T16:02:34Z","timestamp":1779379354000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-35640-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["35640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-35640-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"30 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All authors, expect for HAW are employees, consultants or owner (ZN) of MoCA Cognition.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"5092"}}