{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:55:07Z","timestamp":1781636107661,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ligue r\u00e9gionale contre le cancer comit\u00e9 de l\u2019Allier et du Cantal"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, for which targeted therapies are emerging. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), expressed mainly by the endothelial cells of the neovascularization of TNBC, or tumor cells, is an interesting target in TNBC that needs to be studied. However, native TNBC models do not express PSMA on tumor cells, which justifies the need for genetic modification to enable PSMA-targeted imaging and therapy studies. This study aims to validate a reproductible, PSMA-positive murine model for Targeted Radionuclide Therapy (TRT) assessment. Twenty-five syngeneic or xenograft murine models were produced by modifying the TNBC cell line, the implantation site (ectopic and orthotopic), cell numbers and matrix (e.g. Matrigel\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) use. Tumor growth and engraftment were recorded. PSMA expression was evaluated histologically using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PSMA-targeted positron emission tomography (PET)- computed tomography (CT) with [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]-DCFPyL. The tumor-to-liver ratio (TLR) was used to quantify the uptake of the radiopharmaceutical. To address the absence of PSMA expression in native models, MDA-MB-231 cells were genetically modified\n                    <jats:italic>via<\/jats:italic>\n                    lentiviral transduction to overexpress PSMA for in vivo evaluation. Despite high cellular proliferation and extensive tumor neovascularization, immunohistochemical analyses revealed an absence of PSMA expression in all non-transfected models tested. This finding was further confirmed by [\u00b9\u2078F]-DCFPyL PET\/CT imaging, which showed a TLR below 1, indicating negligible radiotracer uptake within tumoral tissues. In contrast, the MDA-MB-231\n                    <jats:italic>psma<\/jats:italic>\n                    model achieved 100% tumor engraftment and a tumor volume of 208\u2009\u00b1\u200961 mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    at 28 days post-injection (not significantly different from the MDA-MB-231\n                    <jats:italic>wt<\/jats:italic>\n                    model). This model showed a TLR of 10.3\u2009\u00b1\u20094.3 one hour after intravenous injection of [\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]-DCFPyL. This study emphasizes the challenge of creating a reproducible murine model with PSMA expression. Nevertheless, the initial transfection of MDA-MB-231 cells to express PSMA resulted in the development of an innovative TNBC murine model that expresses PSMA. This model is reproducible and exhibits heterogeneous PSMA expression, and is representative of clinical observations. It is also suitable for evaluating PSMA-targeted TRT in TNBC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-36724-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T18:28:13Z","timestamp":1771266493000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and validation of a PSMA-positive triple-negative breast cancer mouse model for preclinical targeted radionuclide therapies"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Chaussin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucie","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Levesque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alban","family":"Revy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Tempier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Montemagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Durivault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Schmitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erwan","family":"Boutault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Besse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Chautard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon","family":"Auriol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lien","family":"Voissiere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Kossa\u00ef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Miot-Noirault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rique","family":"Penault-Llorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Merlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florent","family":"Cachin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Jouberton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"36724_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-020-01296-5","volume":"22","author":"L Yin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yin, L., Duan, J-J., Bian, X-W. & Yu, S. Triple-negative breast cancer molecular subtyping and treatment progress. Breast Cancer Res. 22, 61. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13058-020-01296-5 (2020).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.4","volume":"24","author":"RAA Mohammed","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mohammed, R. A. A. et al. Lymphatic and blood vessels in basal and triple-negative breast cancers: characteristics and prognostic significance. Mod. Pathol. 24, 774\u2013785. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/modpathol.2011.4 (2011).","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"36724_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.01.016","volume":"129","author":"E Deluche","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deluche, E. et al. Contemporary outcomes of metastatic breast cancer among 22,000 women from the multicentre ESME cohort 2008\u20132016. Eur. J. Cancer. 129, 60\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejca.2020.01.016 (2020).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"36724_CR4","unstructured":"De Novo, M. B. C. Jul or Recurrence\u2009>\u20096\u201312 Months After the End of (Neo)Adjuvant ICI | ESMO [Internet]. [cited 2025 Jul 10]. (2025). https:\/\/www.esmo.org\/guidelines\/living-guidelines\/esmo-living-guideline-metastatic-breast-cancer\/triple-negative-breast-cancer\/de-novo-mbc-or-recurrence-6-12-months-after-the-end-of-neo-adjuvant-ici. Accessed 10 July 2025."},{"key":"36724_CR5","unstructured":"Recurrence\u2009\u2264\u20096\u201312 Months After the End of (Neo)Adjuvant. ICI or Second and Further Lines | ESMO [Internet]. [cited 2025 Aug 27]. https:\/\/www.esmo.org\/guidelines\/living-guidelines\/esmo-living-guideline-metastatic-breast-cancer\/triple-negative-breast-cancer\/recurrence-6-12-months-after-the-end-of-neo-adjuvant-ici-or-second-and-further-lines. Accessed 27 Aug 2025."},{"key":"36724_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bulcan.2024.09.002","volume":"112","author":"F Le Du","year":"2025","unstructured":"Le Du, F. et al. La prise En charge des cancers du Sein triple n\u00e9gatifs: \u00e9tat actuel et perspectives. Bull. Cancer. 112, 82\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bulcan.2024.09.002 (2025).","journal-title":"Bull. Cancer"},{"key":"36724_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2107322","volume":"385","author":"O Sartor","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sartor, O. et al. Lutetium-177\u2013PSMA-617 for metastatic Castration-Resistant prostate cancer. N Engl. J. Med. 385, 1091\u20131103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2107322 (2021).","journal-title":"N Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"36724_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.117.191221","volume":"59","author":"S Nimmagadda","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nimmagadda, S. et al. Low-Level endogenous PSMA expression in nonprostatic tumor xenografts is sufficient for in vivo tumor targeting and imaging. J. Nucl. Med. 59, 486\u2013493. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.117.191221 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"36724_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4350","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-021-05433-w","volume":"48","author":"MJM Uijen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Uijen, M. J. M. et al. PSMA radioligand therapy for solid tumors other than prostate cancer: background, opportunities, challenges, and first clinical reports. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 48, 4350\u20134368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-021-05433-w (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"36724_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-018-4717-y","volume":"169","author":"Y Tolkach","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tolkach, Y. et al. Prostate-specific membrane antigen in breast cancer: a comprehensive evaluation of expression and a case report of radionuclide therapy. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 169, 447\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10549-018-4717-y (2018).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res. Treat."},{"key":"36724_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-020-05017-0","volume":"48","author":"J Kunikowska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kunikowska, J. et al. [68 Ga]Ga-Prostate-Specific membrane antigen PET\/CT: a novel method for imaging patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 48, 883\u2013892. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-020-05017-0 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"36724_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000297","volume":"25","author":"AG Wernicke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wernicke, A. G., Kim, S., Liu, H., Bander, N. H. & Pirog, E. C. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in the neovasculature of gynecologic malignancies: implications for PSMA-targeted therapy. Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphology. 25, 271\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAI.0000000000000297 (2017).","journal-title":"Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphology"},{"key":"36724_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1220586","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1220586","volume":"13","author":"JH Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, J. H. & Kiess, A. P. PSMA-targeted therapy for non-prostate cancers. Front. Oncol. 13, 1220586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2023.1220586 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"36724_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2273","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.38501","volume":"10","author":"W Van Boxtel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Van Boxtel, W. et al. 68 Ga-PSMA-HBED-CC PET\/CT imaging for adenoid cystic carcinoma and salivary duct carcinoma: a phase 2 imaging study. Theranostics 10, 2273\u20132283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.38501 (2020).","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"36724_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Silver, D. A., Pellicer, I., Fair, W. R., Heston, W. D. W. & Cordon-Calo, C. Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in normal and malignant human tissues. Clin. Cancer Res. 81\u201385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00268-005-0544-5 (1997).","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0544-5"},{"key":"36724_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.12195","volume":"122","author":"AG Wernicke","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wernicke, A. G. et al. Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in tumor-associated vasculature of breast cancers. APMIS 122, 482\u2013489. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apm.12195 (2014).","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"36724_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1007\/s10585-018-9878-x","volume":"34","author":"M Kasoha","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kasoha, M. et al. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression in breast cancer and its metastases. Clin. Exp. Metastasis. 34, 479\u2013490. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10585-018-9878-x (2017).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Metastasis"},{"key":"36724_CR18","first-page":"3192","volume":"59","author":"SS Chang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chang, S. S. et al. Five different Anti-Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) antibodies confirm PSMA expression in Tumor-associated neovasculature. Cancer Res. 59, 3192\u20133198 (1999).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1186\/s12885-024-13065-0","volume":"24","author":"Z Neviere","year":"2024","unstructured":"Neviere, Z. et al. Potential of PSMA for breast cancer in nuclear medicine: digital quantitative immunohistochemical analysis and implications for a theranostic approach. BMC Cancer. 24, 1328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12885-024-13065-0 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"36724_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6519","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25126519","volume":"25","author":"N Andryszak","year":"2024","unstructured":"Andryszak, N. et al. Evaluation of Prostate-Specific membrane antigen (PSMA) immunohistochemical expression in Early-Stage breast cancer subtypes. IJMS 25, 6519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25126519 (2024).","journal-title":"IJMS"},{"key":"36724_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-019-1205-1","volume":"21","author":"A Morgenroth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Morgenroth, A. et al. Targeting of prostate-specific membrane antigen for radio-ligand therapy of triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 21, 116. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13058-019-1205-1 (2019).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-024-01787-9","volume":"26","author":"A Heesch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Heesch, A. et al. The prostate-specific membrane antigen holds potential as a vascular target for endogenous radiotherapy with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T for triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 26, 30. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13058-024-01787-9 (2024).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-024-01920-2","author":"AA Shirke","year":"2024","unstructured":"Shirke, A. A. et al. Prostate specific membrane antigen expression in a syngeneic breast cancer mouse model. Mol. Imaging Biol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11307-024-01920-2 (2024).","journal-title":"Mol. Imaging Biol. [Internet]"},{"key":"36724_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-024-01796-8","volume":"26","author":"SJ Conner","year":"2024","unstructured":"Conner, S. J. et al. Cell morphology best predicts tumorigenicity and metastasis in vivo across multiple TNBC cell lines of different metastatic potential. Breast Cancer Res. 26, 43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13058-024-01796-8 (2024).","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12040551","volume":"12","author":"A Heesch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heesch, A. et al. The potential of PSMA as a vascular target in TNBC. Cells 12, 551. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12040551 (2023).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"36724_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2018.8113","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. et al. Establishment of a murine breast tumor model by subcutaneous or orthotopic implantation. Oncol. Lett. [Internet]. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2018.8113 (2018). [cited 2025 Jul 1].","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett. [Internet]"},{"key":"36724_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11117","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47308-z","volume":"9","author":"W Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang, W. et al. Comparative study of subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of prostate cancer: vascular Perfusion, vasculature Density, hypoxic burden and BB2r-Targeting efficacy. Sci. Rep. 9, 11117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-019-47308-z (2019).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"36724_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-12-579","volume":"12","author":"KS Ho","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ho, K. S., Poon, P. C., Owen, S. C. & Shoichet, M. S. Blood vessel hyperpermeability and pathophysiology in human tumour xenograft models of breast cancer: a comparison of ectopic and orthotopic tumours. BMC Cancer. 12, 579. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2407-12-579 (2012).","journal-title":"BMC Cancer"},{"key":"36724_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e04333","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.04333","volume":"3","author":"TM Errington","year":"2014","unstructured":"Errington, T. M. et al. An open investigation of the reproducibility of cancer biology research. eLife 3, e04333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.04333 (2014).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"36724_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"aac4716","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac4716","volume":"349","author":"Open Science Collaboration","year":"2015","unstructured":"Open Science Collaboration. Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science. Science 349, aac4716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aac4716 (2015).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"36724_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2003693","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.2003693","volume":"16","author":"B Voelkl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Voelkl, B., Vogt, L., Sena, E. S. & W\u00fcrbel, H. Reproducibility of preclinical animal research improves with heterogeneity of study samples. Wagenmakers E-J. Editor PLoS Biol. 16, e2003693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.2003693 (2018).","journal-title":"Editor PLoS Biol."},{"key":"36724_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002165","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002165","volume":"13","author":"LP Freedman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Freedman, L. P., Cockburn, I. M. & Simcoe, T. S. The economics of reproducibility in preclinical research. PLoS Biol. 13, e1002165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pbio.1002165 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"36724_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.117.203877","volume":"59","author":"DS O\u2019Keefe","year":"2018","unstructured":"O\u2019Keefe, D. S., Bacich, D. J., Huang, S. S. & Heston, W. D. W. A perspective on the evolving story of PSMA Biology, PSMA-Based Imaging, and endoradiotherapeutic strategies. J. Nucl. Med. 59, 1007\u20131013. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2967\/jnumed.117.203877 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"36724_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1007\/s10456-016-9521-x","volume":"19","author":"RE Conway","year":"2016","unstructured":"Conway, R. E. et al. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-mediated laminin proteolysis generates a pro-angiogenic peptide. Angiogenesis 19, 487\u2013500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10456-016-9521-x (2016).","journal-title":"Angiogenesis"},{"key":"36724_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2008.143","volume":"21","author":"IO Gordon","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gordon, I. O. et al. Prostate-specific membrane antigen expression in regeneration and repair. Mod. Pathol. 21, 1421\u20131427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/modpathol.2008.143 (2008).","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"36724_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.86.11.1129","volume":"86","author":"ESG Stroes","year":"2000","unstructured":"Stroes, E. S. G. et al. Folic acid reverts dysfunction of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Circul. Res. 86, 1129\u20131134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.RES.86.11.1129 (2000).","journal-title":"Circul. Res."},{"key":"36724_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-024-00900-z","author":"MK Bakht","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bakht, M. K. & Beltran, H. Biological determinants of PSMA expression, regulation and heterogeneity in prostate cancer. Nat. Rev. Urol.  https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41585-024-00900-z (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"36724_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1432286","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2024.1432286","volume":"14","author":"R Singh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Singh, R. et al. Performance of PSMA-targeted radiotheranostics in an experimental model of renal cell carcinoma. Front. Oncol. 14, 1432286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fonc.2024.1432286 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Oncol."},{"key":"36724_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e112424","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0112424","volume":"9","author":"P Ghiabi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ghiabi, P. et al. (ed, V.) Endothelial cells provide a notch-dependent pro-tumoral niche for enhancing breast cancer survival, stemness and pro-metastatic properties. PLoS ONE 9, e112424. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0112424 (2014).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"36724_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-2032","volume":"74","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Dong, Z., Lauxen, I. S., Filho, M. S. & N\u00f6r, J. E. Endothelial Cell-Secreted EGF induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition and endows head and neck cancer cells with Stem-like phenotype. Cancer Res. 74, 2869\u20132881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-2032 (2014).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1002\/pros.20962","volume":"69","author":"C Liu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Liu, C., Hasegawa, K., Russell, S. J., Sadelain, M. & Peng, K. Prostate-specific membrane antigen retargeted measles virotherapy for the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate 69, 1128\u20131141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pros.20962 (2009).","journal-title":"Prostate"},{"key":"36724_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7645","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-1357","volume":"17","author":"Y Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. 2-(3-{1-Carboxy-5-[(6-[18F]Fluoro-Pyridine-3-Carbonyl)-Amino]-Pentyl}-Ureido)-Pentanedioic Acid, [18F]DCFPyL, a PSMA-Based PET imaging agent for prostate cancer. Clin. Cancer Res. 17, 7645\u20137653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-11-1357 (2011).","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"36724_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1655","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.6b00195","volume":"27","author":"Y Chen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. [18 F]Fluoroethyl Triazole substituted PSMA inhibitor exhibiting rapid normal organ clearance. Bioconjug. Chem. 27, 1655\u20131662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.bioconjchem.6b00195 (2016).","journal-title":"Bioconjug. Chem."},{"key":"36724_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-025-07667-4","author":"M Manley","year":"2025","unstructured":"Manley, M. et al. PSMA-targeted PET imaging in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: results of the prospective PRISMA trial. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00259-025-07667-4 (2025).\u00a0","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-36724-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-36724-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-36724-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:20:08Z","timestamp":1781634008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-36724-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["36724"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-36724-7","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-7904335\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with ARRIVE guidelines (https:\/\/arriveguidelines.org) and approved protocols outlined by the Auvergne Local Ethics Committee C2E2A and the French Ministry of Education and Research (approval numbers 49893 and 23955). No human studies were conducted. The maximum tumor size permitted by the local ethics committee, (1500 mm3), was never reached by any mouse in this study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"9348"}}