{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T08:07:01Z","timestamp":1784016421574,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769558400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-37213-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T17:56:10Z","timestamp":1769622970000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Determinants of congenital anomalies among newborns in public hospitals of Northern Ethiopia: case-control study design"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Goitom","family":"Girmay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freweyni","family":"Fisshatsion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birhane Mekonen","family":"Negash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belay","family":"Alem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3628-7886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebud Ayele","family":"Dagnazgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gebregziabher Kidanemariam","family":"Asfaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guesh Welu","family":"Gebreslassie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guesh","family":"Mebrahtom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gebrekiros Gebremichael","family":"Meles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"37213_CR1","unstructured":"WHO. Congenital disorders: World Health Organization; [Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/congenital-anomalies#tab=tab_1"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e002022","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2023-002022","volume":"7","author":"N Moges","year":"2023","unstructured":"Moges, N. et al. Congenital anomalies and risk factors in africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Paediatrics Open. 7 (1), e002022 (2023).","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatrics Open."},{"key":"37213_CR3","unstructured":"WHO. Congenital disorders: World Health Organization; 27 February 2023 [Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/birth-defects"},{"key":"37213_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02179-6","volume":"20","author":"K Forci","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forci, K. et al. Prevalence of congenital malformations at the les orangers maternity and reproductive health hospital of rabat: descriptive study of 470 anomalies. BMC Pediatr. 20, 1\u201310 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"key":"37213_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adane, F., Afework, M., Seyoum, G. & Gebrie, A. Prevalence and associated factors of birth defects among newborns in sub-Saharan African countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pan Afr. Med. J. 36, 19 (2020).","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.36.19.19411"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR6","first-page":"2426891","volume":"2021","author":"S Gedamu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gedamu, S., Sendo, E. G. & Daba, W. Congenital anomalies and associated factors among newborns in Bishoftu general Hospital, Oromia, ethiopia: a retrospective study. J. Environ. public. Health. 2021 (1), 2426891 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Environ. public. Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11027","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90387-0","volume":"11","author":"D Mekonnen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mekonnen, D. & MollaTaye, Worku, W. Congenital anomalies among newborn babies in felege-hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, Bahir dar, Ethiopia. Sci. Rep. 11 (1), 11027 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"37213_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e089984","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-089984","volume":"15","author":"MK Didisa","year":"2025","unstructured":"Didisa, M. K. et al. Trends in congenital anomalies and associated factors among newborns in Eastern ethiopia: an 8-year open cohort analysis of the Kersa health and demographic surveillance system. BMJ open. 15 (2), e089984 (2025).","journal-title":"BMJ open."},{"key":"37213_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Geneti, S. A., Dimsu, G. G., Sori, D. A., Amente, L. D. & Kurmane, Z. M. Prevalence and patterns of birth defects among newborns in Southwestern ethiopia: a retrospective study. Pan Afr. Med. J. 40, 248 (2021).","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2021.40.248.25286"},{"issue":"100513","key":"37213_CR10","first-page":"1","volume":"18","author":"TA Bekalu Getachew","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bekalu Getachew, T. A. et al. Prevalence of overt congenital anomalies and associated factors among newborns delivered at Jimma university medical center, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018: A cross-sectional study. Int. J. Afr. Nurs. Sci. 18 (100513), 1\u201310 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Afr. Nurs. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"37213_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0302393","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0302393","volume":"19","author":"WN Mogess","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mogess, W. N. & Mihretie, T. B. Prevalence and associated factors of congenital anomalies in ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Plos One. 19 (4), e0302393 (2024).","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21035","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-00240-7","volume":"11","author":"HK Mekonen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mekonen, H. K. et al. A silent epidemic of major congenital malformations in Tigray, Northern ethiopia: hospital-based study. Sci. Rep. 11 (1), 21035 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"108","key":"37213_CR13","first-page":"1","volume":"25","author":"AM Birhane Alem Berihu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Birhane Alem Berihu, A. M., Magana, T., Tessema, M., Gebreegziabher, T. & Berhe, Y. Abadi leul Welderufael and Hayelom Kebede Mekonen. Neural tube defects in a war-torn Tigray regional state of ethiopia: a retrospective study of 54,626 deliveries. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 25 (108), 1\u201312 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"6","key":"37213_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0001850","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgph.0001850","volume":"3","author":"AZ Leke","year":"2023","unstructured":"Leke, A. Z. et al. The burden, prevention and care of infants and children with congenital anomalies in sub-Saharan africa: A scoping review. PLOS Glob Public. Health. 3 (6), e0001850 (2023).","journal-title":"PLOS Glob Public. Health"},{"key":"37213_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-020-2827-0","volume":"20","author":"AG Mekonnen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mekonnen, A. G., Hordofa, A. G., Kitila, T. T. & Sav, A. Modifiable risk factors of congenital malformations in Bale zone hospitals, Southeast ethiopia: an unmatched case-control study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 20, 1\u20139 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-025-07254-3","volume":"25","author":"BA Berihu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Berihu, B. A. et al. Neural tube defects in a war-torn Tigray regional state of ethiopia: a retrospective study of 54,626 deliveries. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 25 (1), 108 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"},{"key":"37213_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mekonnen, A. G., Kitila, T. T. & Amare, N. S. Dietary status of women who gave birth with congenital anomalies in Bale zone Hospitals, Southeast Ethiopia. Open. Public. Health J. 15(1), e2208184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/18749445-v15-e2208184 (2022).","DOI":"10.2174\/18749445-v15-e2208184"},{"key":"37213_CR18","unstructured":"Africa, W. H. O. Rof. Health Topics (Ethiopia) Geneva: World Health Organization; (2025). Available from: https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/countries\/ethiopia\/topic\/health-topics-ethiopia"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/s40795-023-00752-7","volume":"9","author":"FA Mohamed","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mohamed, F. A. et al. Determinants of neural tube defects among newborns in public referral hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. BMC Nutr. 9 (1), 93 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Nutr."},{"key":"37213_CR20","unstructured":"Magana, P. T. The ongoing effects on women\u2019s health by the continued Tigray siege. (2022)."},{"issue":"3","key":"37213_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"030006052412334","DOI":"10.1177\/03000605241233453","volume":"52","author":"N Belama","year":"2024","unstructured":"Belama, N., Desalew, A., Lami, M., Keneni, M. & Roba, K. T. Predictors of congenital anomalies among neonates admitted to public hospitals in Eastern ethiopia: a case\u2013control study. J. Int. Med. Res. 52 (3), 03000605241233453 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Int. Med. Res."},{"key":"37213_CR22","unstructured":"VAM. Calculation and use of the food consumption score in food security analysis 2008."},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-01093-6","volume":"47","author":"S Jemal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jemal, S., Fentahun, E., Oumer, M. & Muche, A. Predictors of congenital anomalies among newborns in Arsi zone public hospitals, Southeast ethiopia: a case-control study. Ital. J. Pediatr. 47 (1), 143 (2021).","journal-title":"Ital. J. Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0245915","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0245915","volume":"16","author":"S Abebe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abebe, S., Gebru, G., Amenu, D., Mekonnen, Z. & Dube, L. Risk factors associated with congenital anomalies among newborns in Southwestern ethiopia: A case-control study. PloS One. 16 (1), e0245915 (2021).","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-025-05808-0","volume":"25","author":"T Mehare","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mehare, T. & Sharew, Y. Birth prevalence and associated factors of congenital anomalies among neonates born at a public hospital in Awi Zone, Northwestern ethiopia: institutional based cross-sectional study. BMC Pediatr. 25 (1), 470 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr."},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2198","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-27935-3","volume":"13","author":"N Al-Dewik","year":"2023","unstructured":"Al-Dewik, N. et al. Prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of major congenital anomalies: A population-based register study. Sci. Rep. 13 (1), 2198 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"5","key":"37213_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1159\/000543832","volume":"122","author":"A. B. Zemariam","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zemariam, A. B. et al. Unveiling the Hidden Burden: An Umbrella Review of Congenital Anomalies among Newborns in Low and Middle-Income Countries. Neonatology 122 (5), 615\u2013627 (2025).","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"37213_CR28","unstructured":"Human Rights Watch. Health Crisis and Human Rights Abuses in Tigray (Human Rights Watch, 2022)."},{"key":"37213_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kahsay, Z. H. Famine as a weapon in the Tigray War and the siege. In Tigray: The Hysteresis of War (eds. Van Reisen, M. & Mawere, M.). Bamenda: Langaa RPCIG, 255\u2013283 (2024).","DOI":"10.2307\/jj.22136029.12"},{"issue":"1","key":"37213_CR30","first-page":"19271","volume":"22","author":"FA Odiwuor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Odiwuor, F. A., Kimiywe, J. & Waudo, J. Effectiveness of nutrition education on nutrient intake and pregnancy outcomes in MIGORI COUNTY, WESTERN KENYA. Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev. 22 (1), 19271\u201319284 (2022).","journal-title":"Afr. J. Food Agric. Nutr. Dev."},{"issue":"17","key":"37213_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3654","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14173654","volume":"14","author":"J Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang, J. et al. Dietary quality during pregnancy and congenital heart defects. Nutrients 14 (17), 3654 (2022).","journal-title":"Nutrients"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-37213-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-37213-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-37213-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T08:02:56Z","timestamp":1784016176000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-37213-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["37213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-37213-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2026","order":6,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":7,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The original online version of this Article was revised: In the original version of this Article, the author name Ebud Ayele Dagnazgi was incorrectly indexed. The original Article has been corrected.","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Aksum University College of Health Sciences (Ref. No: 035\/2024) on February 29, 2024.All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Formal permission was secured from administrative authorities at all participating hospitals prior to data collection. To ensure confidentiality, all data were anonymized at the point of collection, with participant identifiers replaced by coded numbers. For illiterate participants, consent was obtained via thumbprint in the presence of an impartial witness. All participants, including guardians of newborns provided written informed consent after the studies goal, procedures, risks, and benefits were elucidated. Participation was voluntary, and respondents retained the right to withdraw at any stage without consequence.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}}],"article-number":"6484"}}