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Adaptive behaviors enable motile cells to thrive in dynamic environments. A study with slime mold suggested an ability to anticipate dry and cold periods. However, experimental evidence for anticipation in other single-cell organisms is lacking. Here, we investigated whether\n                    <jats:italic>Amoeba proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                    can anticipate unfavourable periodic stimuli.\n                    <jats:italic>Amoeba proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                    react to blue light (405\u00a0nm) by reducing their streaming speed in response to each stimulation. As expected, after four periodic blue light stimulations\n                    <jats:italic>A. proteus<\/jats:italic>\n                    presented spontaneous in-phase reduction in streaming speed at the time point when the next stimulation would have occurred. Our results corroborate the claim that single cells are able to anticipate periodic environmental cues and change their behaviour in anticipation of these cues. These findings may have implications for the interpretation of cellular processes in vitro and in vivo even in complex multicellular systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-37298-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T01:55:34Z","timestamp":1769651734000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Anticipation of periodic events influences cell motility in amoeba proteus"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Stephanie Margarete","family":"Mueller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Morawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Stieler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Holzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Grunwald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"37298_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2020.03.026","volume":"30","author":"LK Fritz-Laylin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fritz-Laylin, L. 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