{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:47:17Z","timestamp":1789804037176,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Surgeon General UK Defence Medical Services"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Neurobiomarkers measured in peripheral blood can supplement management strategies following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Dual-assay of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 (UCHL1) is FDA-approved to inform a decision threshold approach (GFAP\u2009&gt;\u200930\u00a0\u00b5g.L\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup>\n                    and\/or UCHL1\u2009&gt;\u2009360\u00a0\u00b5g.L\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\u20091<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) for post-TBI neuroimaging. As physical activity and thermal strain often accompany TBI-prone activities, we investigated whether each molecule\u2019s quantification - and, by extension, clinical decisions - could be influenced by exercise-heat stress. In healthy volunteers monitored continuously for body core temperature (Tc), we used the i-STAT Alinity to assess plasma GFAP and UCHL1 responses to exercise in the laboratory (four female, eighteen male trained participants, cycling for 45\u00a0min in 32\u00a0\u00b0C) and field (three female and 22 male recreational marathon runners, finishing time 231\u2009\u00b1\u200934\u00a0min, peak ambient temperature 11\u00a0\u00b0C). Respective \u0394Tc overall were 1.42\u2009\u00b1\u20090.37\u00a0\u00b0C and 1.87 [1.53, 2.31] \u00b0C. With laboratory exercise, GFAP and UCHL1 did not exceed the manufacturer\u2019s decision threshold. Across the marathon, GFAP was stable, whereas UCH-L1 more than doubled (200 [200, 200] vs. 462 [310, 782] \u00b5g.L-1,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), breaching the decision threshold for neuroimaging in 18\/25 runners. Confounding from more severe exercise-heat stress should be considered when interpreting near-care assay of UCHL1 for TBI management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-38768-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T14:04:18Z","timestamp":1770732258000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Near-care assay of plasma glial fibrillary acid protein and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 with shorter and prolonged duration exercise"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Michael John","family":"Stacey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Barden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Snape","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barney","family":"Wainwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iain","family":"Parsons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Leckie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Fitzpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos","family":"Grivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannis","family":"Pitsiladis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Palin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"O\u2019Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"38768_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e012197","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012197","volume":"6","author":"T Lawrence","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lawrence, T. et al. Traumatic brain injury in England and wales: prospective audit of epidemiology, complications and standardised mortality. BMJ Open. 6, e012197. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012197 (2016).","journal-title":"BMJ Open."},{"key":"38768_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.60.4.362","volume":"60","author":"B Jennett","year":"1996","unstructured":"Jennett, B. Epidemiology of head injury. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry. 60, 362\u2013369 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"38768_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3283595175","volume":"24","author":"RM .Guerriero","year":"2012","unstructured":".Guerriero, R. M., Proctor, M. R., Mannix, R. & Meehan, W. P. 3rd. Epidemiology, trends, assessment and management of sport-related concussion in united States high schools. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 24, 696\u2013701 (2012).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. 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