{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T18:00:18Z","timestamp":1781632818975,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770422400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["DK126848"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DK126848"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["HL171505"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL171505"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Atherosclerotic lesions comprise different populations of macrophages, including lipid-laden macrophage foam cells and non-foamy, inflammatory macrophages, which play distinct roles in disease progression. Non-foamy macrophages express higher levels of inflammarafts \u2013 enlarged, cholesterol-rich lipid rafts hosting assemblies of inflammatory receptors \u2013 compared to foam cells in atherosclerotic lesions of\n                    <jats:italic>Ldlr<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein (AIBP) has been shown to control lipid raft dynamics. This study investigated the effect of systemic AIBP deficiency on inflammaraft expression in foam cells and non-foamy macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions of hypercholesterolemic mice. A larger number of foam cells, with increased neutral lipid accumulation, populated atherosclerotic lesions in\n                    <jats:italic>Apoa1bp<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    <jats:italic>Ldlr<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice compared to\n                    <jats:italic>Ldlr<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. Importantly, AIBP-deficient foam cells expressed higher levels of TLR4 dimers and lipid rafts (markers of inflammarafts) than control mice, accompanied by larger atherosclerotic lesions and larger necrotic cores compared to\n                    <jats:italic>Ldlr<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. In a model of foam cells,\n                    <jats:italic>Apoa1bp<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    bone marrow-derived macrophages incubated with oxidized LDL had increased expression of inflammation and atherosclerosis related genes. These results indicate that AIBP deficiency results in a phenotype shift in foam cells, characterized by increased lipid accumulation and increased expression of inflammarafts, and it correlates with the development of advanced atherosclerotic plaques.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-39113-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T12:16:32Z","timestamp":1770466592000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Increased atherosclerosis and expression of inflammarafts in macrophage foam cells in AIBP-deficient mice."],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shenglin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolaus","family":"Nazarenkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Alekseeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soo-Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana Maria","family":"Navia-Pelaez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aakash","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick","family":"Secrest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip L.S.M.","family":"Gordts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Heinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yury I.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"39113_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312804","volume":"123","author":"K Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, K. et al. Transcriptome analysis reveals nonfoamy rather than foamy plaque macrophages are Proinflammatory in atherosclerotic murine models. Circul. Res. 123, 1127\u20131142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.118.312804 (2018).","journal-title":"Circul. Res."},{"key":"39113_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054285","volume":"145","author":"C Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, C. et al. AtheroSpectrum reveals novel macrophage foam cell gene signatures associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Circulation 145, 206\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054285 (2022).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"39113_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Navia-Pelaez, J. M. et al. Differential Expression of Inflammarafts in Macrophage Foam Cells and in Nonfoamy Macrophages in Atherosclerotic Lesions\u2014Brief Report. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 43, 323\u2013329 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.122.318006","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.122.318006"},{"key":"39113_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.TR119000468","volume":"61","author":"YI Miller","year":"2020","unstructured":"Miller, Y. I., Navia-Pelaez, J. M., Corr, M. & Yaksh, T. L. Lipid rafts in glial cells: role in neuroinflammation and pain processing. J. Lipid Res. 61, 655\u2013666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.TR119000468 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"39113_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-023-00295-x","volume":"2","author":"L Dib","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dib, L. et al. Lipid-associated macrophages transition to an inflammatory state in human atherosclerosis, increasing the risk of cerebrovascular complications. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 2, 656\u2013672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s44161-023-00295-x (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"39113_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.008","volume":"248","author":"M Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, M. et al. Apolipoprotein A-1 binding protein promotes macrophage cholesterol efflux by facilitating Apolipoprotein A-1 binding to ABCA1 and preventing ABCA1 degradation. Atherosclerosis 248, 149\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.008 (2016).","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"39113_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1097\/mol.0000000000000888","volume":"34","author":"S Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, S., Navia-Pelaez, J. M., Choi, S. H. & Miller, Y. I. Macrophage inflammarafts in atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 34, 189\u2013195. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mol.0000000000000888 (2023).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Lipidol."},{"key":"39113_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.2002.6761","volume":"79","author":"M Ritter","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ritter, M. et al. Cloning and characterization of a novel Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein, AI-BP, secreted by cells of the kidney proximal tubules in response to HDL or ApoA-I. Genomics 79, 693\u2013702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/geno.2002.6761 (2002).","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"key":"39113_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e82","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315485","volume":"41","author":"SH Choi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Choi, S. H. et al. Intracellular AIBP (Apolipoprotein A-I binding Protein) regulates oxidized LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)-Induced mitophagy in macrophages. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 41, e82\u2013e96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315485 (2021).","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"39113_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12964-022-00858-8","volume":"20","author":"M Duan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Duan, M. et al. Mitochondrial Apolipoprotein A-I binding protein alleviates atherosclerosis by regulating mitophagy and macrophage polarization. Cell. Communication Signal. 20, 60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12964-022-00858-8 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell. Communication Signal."},{"key":"39113_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M083618","volume":"59","author":"DA Schneider","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schneider, D. A. et al. AIBP protects against metabolic abnormalities and atherosclerosis. J. Lipid Res. 59, 854\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1194\/jlr.M083618 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Lipid Res."},{"key":"39113_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03214-4","volume":"21","author":"YS Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim, Y. S. et al. AIBP controls TLR4 inflammarafts and mitochondrial dysfunction in a mouse model of alzheimer\u2019s disease. J. Neuroinflamm. 21, 245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12974-024-03214-4 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflamm."},{"key":"39113_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.04.110","volume":"23","author":"SA Woller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Woller, S. A. et al. Inhibition of neuroinflammation by AIBP: spinal effects upon facilitated pain States. Cell. Rep. 23, 2667\u20132677. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.04.110 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell. Rep."},{"key":"39113_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201439637","volume":"16","author":"YH Hu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hu, Y. H. et al. WDFY1 mediates TLR3\/4 signaling by recruiting TRIF. EMBO Rep. 16, 447\u2013455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15252\/embr.201439637 (2015).","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"39113_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-025-01108-4","author":"SA Dabravolski","year":"2025","unstructured":"Dabravolski, S. A. et al. Purinergic receptors in atherosclerosis: implications for pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. J. Physiol. Biochem. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13105-025-01108-4 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"39113_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12017","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252212017","volume":"25","author":"A Di Nubila","year":"2024","unstructured":"Di Nubila, A., Dilella, G., Simone, R. & Barbieri, S. S. Vascular extracellular matrix in atherosclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 25, 12017 (2024).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"39113_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-023-00957-0","volume":"21","author":"GRY De Meyer","year":"2024","unstructured":"De Meyer, G. R. Y., Zurek, M., Puylaert, P. & Martinet, W. Programmed death of macrophages in atherosclerosis: mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Nat. Reviews Cardiol. 21, 312\u2013325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41569-023-00957-0 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Reviews Cardiol."},{"key":"39113_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.122.318177","volume":"42","author":"P Puylaert","year":"2022","unstructured":"Puylaert, P., Zurek, M., Rayner, K. J., De Meyer, G. R. Y. & Martinet, W. Regulated necrosis in atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 42, 1283\u20131306. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/ATVBAHA.122.318177 (2022).","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"39113_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2012.06.054","volume":"151","author":"NJ Spann","year":"2012","unstructured":"Spann, N. J. et al. Regulated accumulation of Desmosterol integrates macrophage lipid metabolism and inflammatory responses. Cell 151, 138\u2013152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cell.2012.06.054 (2012).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"39113_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13885","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13885","volume":"53","author":"A Yerly","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yerly, A. et al. Sex-specific and hormone-related differences in vascular remodelling in atherosclerosis. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 53, e13885. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.13885 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"39113_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315930","volume":"126","author":"JJ Man","year":"2020","unstructured":"Man, J. J., Beckman, J. A. & Jaffe, I. Z. Sex as a biological variable in atherosclerosis. Circul. Res. 126, 1297\u20131319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.315930 (2020).","journal-title":"Circul. Res."},{"key":"39113_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2089","volume":"9","author":"CA Schneider","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schneider, C. A., Rasband, W. S. & Eliceiri, K. W. NIH image to imageJ: 25 years of image analysis. Nat. Methods. 9, 671\u2013675. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.2089 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"39113_CR23","unstructured":"Andrews, S. & FastQC: A Quality Control Tool for High Throughput Sequence Data. (2010). http:\/\/www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk\/projects\/fastqc\/"},{"key":"39113_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.7598955","author":"FJ Felix Krueger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Felix Krueger, F. J. et al. FelixKrueger\/TrimGalore: v0.6.10 - add default decompression path. Zenodo https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.7598955 (2023).","journal-title":"Zenodo"},{"key":"39113_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635","volume":"29","author":"A Dobin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Dobin, A. et al. STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner. Bioinformatics 29, 15\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635 (2012).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"39113_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656","volume":"30","author":"Y Liao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liao, Y., Smyth, G. K. & Shi, W. FeatureCounts: an efficient general purpose program for assigning sequence reads to genomic features. Bioinformatics 30, 923\u2013930. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656 (2013).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"39113_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8","volume":"15","author":"MI Love","year":"2014","unstructured":"Love, M. I., Huber, W. & Anders, S. Moderated Estimation of fold change and dispersion for RNA-seq data with DESeq2. Genome Biol. 15, 550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8 (2014).","journal-title":"Genome Biol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39113-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39113-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39113-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T17:44:09Z","timestamp":1781631849000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39113-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["39113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-39113-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Y.I.M. is a scientific co-founder of Raft Pharmaceuticals LLC. The terms of this arrangement have been reviewed and approved by the University of California, San Diego, in accordance with its conflict-of-interest policies. Other authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"7645"}}