{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T13:59:45Z","timestamp":1772200785837,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770595200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-39359-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]],"date-time":"2026-02-09T02:54:14Z","timestamp":1770605654000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhanced interhemispheric functional connectivity in elderly anxiety patients with long-term benzodiazepine use: an fNIRS study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yiheng","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meichen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yudan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueting","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"39359_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stahl, S. M. Stahl\u2019s essential psychopharmacology: neuroscientific basis and practical applications (Cambridge University Press, 2021).","DOI":"10.1017\/9781108975292"},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1159\/000524400","volume":"91","author":"SL Dubovsky","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dubovsky, S. L. & Marshall, D. Benzodiazepines remain important therapeutic options in psychiatric practice. Psychother. Psychosom. 91 (5), 307\u2013334 (2022).","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"issue":"10295","key":"39359_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00934-X","volume":"398","author":"P Tibrewal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tibrewal, P., Looi, J. C. L., Allison, S. & Bastiampillai, T. Benzodiazepines for the long-term treatment of anxiety disorders? Lancet 398 (10295), 119\u2013120 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1159\/000524772","volume":"91","author":"V Starcevic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Starcevic, V. Representation of benzodiazepines in treatment guidelines: the paradox of undesirable objectivity. Psychother. Psychosom. 91 (5), 295\u2013299 (2022).","journal-title":"Psychother. Psychosom."},{"issue":"3","key":"39359_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(00)00144-5","volume":"98","author":"R Schwartz-Bloom","year":"2000","unstructured":"Schwartz-Bloom, R., Miller, K., Evenson, D., Crain, B. & Nadler, J. Benzodiazepines protect hippocampal neurons from degeneration after transient cerebral ischemia: an ultrastructural study. Neuroscience 98 (3), 471\u2013484 (2000).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"39359_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2011.12.013","volume":"228","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. et al. Beneficial effects of benzodiazepine diazepam on chronic stress-induced impairment of hippocampal structural plasticity and depression-like behavior in mice. Behav. Brain. Res. 228 (2), 339\u2013350 (2012).","journal-title":"Behav. Brain. Res."},{"key":"39359_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2022.08.003","volume":"92","author":"X Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, X., Guo, L., Duan, B., Wu, J. & Wang, E. Novel benzodiazepine remimazolam Tosylate delays neurodegeneration of aged mice via decreasing Tau phosphorylation. Neurotoxicology 92, 156\u2013165 (2022).","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"39359_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.10.027","volume":"75","author":"RA Whittington","year":"2019","unstructured":"Whittington, R. A. et al. Administration of the benzodiazepine Midazolam increases Tau phosphorylation in the mouse brain. Neurobiol. Aging. 75, 11\u201324 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"39359_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2018.07.005","volume":"172","author":"S Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan, S., Metzger, D. B. & Jung, M. E. Chronic benzodiazepine suppresses translocator protein and elevates amyloid \u03b2 in mice. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 172, 59\u201367 (2018).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"issue":"45","key":"39359_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9350","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0335-21.2021","volume":"41","author":"P Lalwani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lalwani, P., Garrett, D. D. & Polk, T. A. Dynamic recovery: GABA agonism restores neural variability in Older, poorer performing adults. J. Neurosci. 41 (45), 9350\u20139360 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"39359_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.05.059","volume":"256","author":"Y Duan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Duan, Y. et al. The effect of short-term use of benzodiazepines on cognitive function of major depressive disorder patients being treated with antidepressants. J. Affect. Disord. 256, 1\u20137 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"39359_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i90","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.i90","volume":"352","author":"SL Gray","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gray, S. L. et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of incident dementia or cognitive decline: prospective population based study. Bmj 352, i90 (2016).","journal-title":"Bmj"},{"issue":"6","key":"39359_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2019.19030315","volume":"177","author":"M Osler","year":"2020","unstructured":"Osler, M. & J\u00f8rgensen, M. B. Associations of Benzodiazepines, Z-Drugs, and other anxiolytics with subsequent dementia in patients with affective disorders: A nationwide cohort and nested Case-Control study. Am. J. Psychiatry. 177 (6), 497\u2013505 (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"39359_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-018-0535-3","volume":"32","author":"R Penninkilampi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Penninkilampi, R. & Eslick, G. D. A systematic review and Meta-Analysis of the risk of dementia associated with benzodiazepine Use, after controlling for protopathic bias. CNS Drugs. 32 (6), 485\u2013497 (2018).","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"39359_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nader, D. & Gowing, L. Is long-term benzodiazepine use a risk factor for cognitive decline? Results of a systematic review. J. Aaddict.. (2020).","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1569456"},{"issue":"1","key":"39359_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-019-00801-9","volume":"17","author":"LY Tseng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tseng, L. Y., Huang, S. T., Peng, L. N., Chen, L. K. & Hsiao, F. Y. Benzodiazepines, z-Hypnotics, and risk of dementia: special considerations of Half-Lives and concomitant use. Neurotherapeutics 17 (1), 156\u2013164 (2020).","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"8326","key":"39359_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92012-3","volume":"321","author":"W Poser","year":"1983","unstructured":"Poser, W., Poser, S., Roscher, D. & Argyrakis, A. Do benzodiazepines cause cerebral atrophy? Lancet 321 (8326), 715 (1983).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"39359_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2016.04.013","volume":"24","author":"JK Chung","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chung, J. K. et al. Benzodiazepine use attenuates cortical \u03b2-Amyloid and is not associated with progressive cognitive decline in nondemented elderly adults: a pilot study using F18-Florbetapir positron emission tomography. Am. J. Geriatric Psychiatry. 24 (11), 1028\u20131039 (2016).","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"39359_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.08.008","volume":"84","author":"T Desmidt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Desmidt, T. et al. Benzodiazepine use and brain amyloid load in nondemented older individuals: a Florbetapir PET study in the multidomain alzheimer preventive trial cohort. Neurobiol. Aging. 84, 61\u201369 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-021-01246-5","volume":"47","author":"Q Gallet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gallet, Q. et al. Benzodiazepine use and neuroimaging markers of alzheimer\u2019s disease in nondemented older individuals: an MRI and 18F Florbetapir PET study in the MEMENTO cohort. Neuropsychopharmacology 47 (5), 1114\u20131120 (2022).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"39359_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.03.067","volume":"85","author":"A-C Ehlis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ehlis, A-C., Schneider, S., Dresler, T. & Fallgatter, A. J. Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in psychiatry. Neuroimage 85, 478\u2013488 (2014).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"39359_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43293","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43293","volume":"7","author":"Y Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu, Y. et al. Measuring speaker-listener neural coupling with functional near infrared spectroscopy. Sci. Rep. 7, 43293 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"39359_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00076","volume":"8","author":"FA Fishburn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fishburn, F. A., Norr, M. E., Medvedev, A. V. & Vaidya, C. J. Sensitivity of fNIRS to cognitive state and load. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 8, 76 (2014).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"39359_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2018.02.003","volume":"274","author":"A Katzorke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Katzorke, A. et al. Decreased hemodynamic response in inferior frontotemporal regions in elderly with mild cognitive impairment. Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging. 274, 11\u201318 (2018).","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging"},{"issue":"2","key":"39359_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20050","volume":"12","author":"DA Regier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Regier, D. A., Kuhl, E. A. & Kupfer, D. J. The DSM-5: classification and criteria changes. World Psychiatry. 12 (2), 92\u201398 (2013).","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"39359_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.18553\/jmcp.2022.28.1.58","volume":"28","author":"EP Borrelli","year":"2022","unstructured":"Borrelli, E. P., Bratberg, J., Hallowell, B. D., Greaney, M. L. & Kogut, S. J. Application of a diazepam milligram equivalency algorithm to assess benzodiazepine dose intensity in Rhode Island in 2018. J. Managed Care Specialty Pharm. 28 (1), 58\u201368 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Managed Care Specialty Pharm."},{"key":"39359_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei, Y. et al. Reduced Temporal activation during a verbal fluency test in clinical high risk of psychosis: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy-based study. Gen. Psychiatry ;35(2). (2022).","DOI":"10.1136\/gpsych-2021-100702"},{"issue":"12","key":"39359_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/33\/12\/008","volume":"33","author":"DT Delpy","year":"1988","unstructured":"Delpy, D. T. et al. Estimation of optical pathlength through tissue from direct time of flight measurement. Phys. Med. Biol. 33 (12), 1433 (1988).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"39359_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.06.043","volume":"83","author":"H Sato","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sato, H. et al. A NIRS\u2013fMRI investigation of prefrontal cortex activity during a working memory task. Neuroimage 83, 158\u2013173 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"10","key":"39359_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"D280","DOI":"10.1364\/AO.48.00D280","volume":"48","author":"TJ Huppert","year":"2009","unstructured":"Huppert, T. J., Diamond, S. G., Franceschini, M. A. & Boas, D. A. HomER: a review of time-series analysis methods for near-infrared spectroscopy of the brain. Appl. Opt. 48 (10), D280\u2013D98 (2009).","journal-title":"Appl. Opt."},{"key":"39359_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2012.00147","volume":"6","author":"RJ Cooper","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cooper, R. J. et al. A systematic comparison of motion artifact correction techniques for functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Front. NeuroSci. 6, 147 (2012).","journal-title":"Front. NeuroSci."},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/31\/5\/004","volume":"31","author":"F Scholkmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Scholkmann, F., Spichtig, S., Muehlemann, T. & Wolf, M. How to detect and reduce movement artifacts in near-infrared imaging using moving standard deviation and spline interpolation. Physiol. Meas. 31 (5), 649 (2010).","journal-title":"Physiol. Meas."},{"key":"39359_CR33","first-page":"3","volume":"9","author":"N Naseer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Naseer, N. & Hong, K. S. fNIRS-based brain-computer interfaces: a review. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9, 3 (2015).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"39359_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105004","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.18.10.105004","volume":"18","author":"F Scholkmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scholkmann, F. & Wolf, M. General equation for the differential pathlength factor of the frontal human head depending on wavelength and age. J. Biomed. Opt. 18 (10), 105004 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3390\/a11050067","volume":"11","author":"LM Hocke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hocke, L. M. et al. Automated processing of fNIRS Data\u2014A visual guide to the pitfalls and consequences. Algorithms 11 (5), 67 (2018).","journal-title":"Algorithms"},{"issue":"2","key":"39359_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.08.036","volume":"44","author":"JC Ye","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ye, J. C., Tak, S., Jang, K. E., Jung, J. & Jang, J. NIRS-SPM: statistical parametric mapping for near-infrared spectroscopy. Neuroimage 44 (2), 428\u2013447 (2009).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"4","key":"39359_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.460020402","volume":"2","author":"KJ Friston","year":"1994","unstructured":"Friston, K. J. et al. Statistical parametric maps in functional imaging: a general linear approach. Hum. Brain. Mapp. 2 (4), 189\u2013210 (1994).","journal-title":"Hum. Brain. Mapp."},{"issue":"7","key":"39359_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e68910","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0068910","volume":"8","author":"M Xia","year":"2013","unstructured":"Xia, M., Wang, J. & He, Y. BrainNet viewer: a network visualization tool for human brain connectomics. PloS One. 8 (7), e68910 (2013).","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"39359_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645209","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.645209","volume":"15","author":"I Hertrich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hertrich, I., Dietrich, S., Blum, C. & Ackermann, H. The role of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for speech and Language processing. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 15, 645209 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"39359_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.00386","volume":"9","author":"J Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, J. et al. GRETNA: a graph theoretical network analysis toolbox for imaging connectomics. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9, 386 (2015).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"39359_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Humphries, M. D., Gurney, K. & Prescott, T. J. The brainstem reticular formation is a small-world, not scale-free, network. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci.. ;273(1585):503\u2009\u2013\u200911. (2006).","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2005.3354"},{"key":"39359_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1140\/epjb\/e2003-00095-5","volume":"32","author":"V Latora","year":"2003","unstructured":"Latora, V. & Marchiori, M. Economic small-world behavior in weighted networks. Eur. Phys. J. B-Condensed Matter Complex. Syst. 32, 249\u2013263 (2003).","journal-title":"Eur. Phys. J. B-Condensed Matter Complex. Syst."},{"issue":"10","key":"39359_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.891","volume":"18","author":"J Allard","year":"2003","unstructured":"Allard, J., Artero, S. & Ritchie, K. Consumption of psychotropic medication in the elderly: a re-evaluation of its effect on cognitive performance. Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 18 (10), 874\u2013878 (2003).","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2143","volume":"24","author":"P van Vliet","year":"2009","unstructured":"van Vliet, P., van der Mast, R. C., van den Broek, M., Westendorp, R. G. & de Craen, A. J. Use of benzodiazepines, depressive symptoms and cognitive function in old age. Int. J. Geriatric Psychiatry: J. Psychiatry Late Life Allied Sci. 24 (5), 500\u2013508 (2009).","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatric Psychiatry: J. Psychiatry Late Life Allied Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"39359_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03437-5","volume":"22","author":"BH Hofe Iv, Stricker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hofe Iv, Stricker, B. H., Vernooij, M. W., Ikram, M. K., Ikram, M. A. & Wolters, F. J. Benzodiazepine use in relation to long-term dementia risk and imaging markers of neurodegeneration: a population-based study. BMC Med. 22 (1), 266 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"39359_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2023.10.002","volume":"32","author":"Q Gallet","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gallet, Q. et al. Cerebral metabolic signature of chronic benzodiazepine use in nondemented older adults: an FDG-PET study in the MEMENTO cohort. Am. J. Geriatric Psychiatry. 32 (6), 665\u2013677 (2024).","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatric Psychiatry"},{"key":"39359_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee Tl, Guo, L. & Chan, A. S. fNIRS as a Biomarker for Individuals with Subjective Memory Complaints and MCI (Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia, 2024).","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13897"},{"issue":"5","key":"39359_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhy077","volume":"29","author":"D Tomasi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tomasi, D. & Volkow, N. D. Association between brain activation and functional connectivity. Cereb. Cortex. 29 (5), 1984\u20131996 (2019).","journal-title":"Cereb. Cortex"},{"key":"39359_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2017.00593","volume":"11","author":"Z Fu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fu, Z. et al. Associations between functional connectivity dynamics and BOLD dynamics are heterogeneous across brain networks. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 11, 593 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"issue":"10","key":"39359_CR50","first-page":"1609","volume":"37","author":"W Gene-Jack","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gene-Jack, W., Volkow, N. D., Overall, J. & Hitzemann, R. J. Reproducibility of regional brain metabolic responses to lorazepam. J. Nuclear Med. 37 (10), 1609 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Nuclear Med."},{"key":"39359_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallet, Q. et al. Cerebral Metabolic Signature of Chronic Benzodiazepine Use in Nondemented Older Adults: an FDG-PET Study in the MEMENTO Cohort (The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2023).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2023.10.002"},{"issue":"8","key":"39359_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.39","volume":"37","author":"IH Harding","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harding, I. H. et al. Functional connectivity in brain networks underlying cognitive control in chronic cannabis users. Neuropsychopharmacology 37 (8), 1923\u20131933 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"39359_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28467-x","volume":"8","author":"J Mart\u00ednez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez, J., Buld\u00fa, J. M., Papo, D., Fallani, F. D. V. & Chavez, M. Role of inter-hemispheric connections in functional brain networks. Sci. Rep. 8 (1), 10246 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"39359_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2011-200314","volume":"66","author":"J Gallacher","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gallacher, J. et al. Benzodiazepine use and risk of dementia: evidence from the caerphilly prospective study (CaPS). J. Epidemiol. Commun. Health. 66 (10), 869\u2013873 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Epidemiol. Community Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"39359_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.1811","volume":"22","author":"E Bierman","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bierman, E. et al. The effect of chronic benzodiazepine use on cognitive functioning in older persons: good, bad or indifferent? Int. J. Geriatric Psychiatry: J. Psychiatry Late Life Allied Sci. 22 (12), 1194\u20131200 (2007).","journal-title":"Int. J. Geriatric Psychiatry: J. Psychiatry Late Life Allied Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"39359_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9236(98)90059-5","volume":"64","author":"JT Hanlon","year":"1998","unstructured":"Hanlon, J. T. et al. Benzodiazepine use and cognitive function among community-dwelling elderly. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 64 (6), 684\u2013692 (1998).","journal-title":"Clin. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"39359_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-020-02084-9","volume":"225","author":"K Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, K. et al. Association of \u03b3-aminobutyric acid and glutamate\/glutamine in the lateral prefrontal cortex with patterns of intrinsic functional connectivity in adults. Brain Struct. Function. 225, 1903\u20131919 (2020).","journal-title":"Brain Struct. Function"},{"key":"39359_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2021.101569","volume":"61","author":"E Fasiello","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fasiello, E. et al. Functional connectivity changes in insomnia disorder: a systematic review. Sleep Med. Rev. 61, 101569 (2022).","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39359-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39359-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39359-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T13:02:53Z","timestamp":1772197373000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39359-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["39359"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-39359-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The study received approval from the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (PJ-KS-KY-2023-577). All participants provided written informed consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"7804"}}