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Surg."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39368-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39368-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39368-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T10:01:32Z","timestamp":1774000892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-39368-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["39368"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-39368-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the Debre Tabor University (DTU) Institutional Review Board (IRB) to ensure compliance with ethical research standards. The DTU IRB evaluated the study\u2019s objectives, methodology, potential risks, and benefits to participants, confirming that all necessary safeguards were in place to protect the rights, privacy, and welfare of the individuals whose data were analyzed. The DTU IRB granted approval for this study under reference number CHS\/63\/2024. All study procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institution and the Helsinki Declaration. Informed consent was waived due to the study\u2019s retrospective nature, with this waiver granted by the DTU Institutional Review Board. The study exclusively utilized anonymized data extracted from existing medical records. No additional interventions or procedures were performed, and no direct contact with patients was required. Strict confidentiality protocols were followed to ensure the protection of patient privacy, and all data were de-identified prior to analysis.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval and informed cons<!--Emphasis Type='Bold' removed-->ent"}}],"article-number":"9511"}}