{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:04:55Z","timestamp":1780445095719,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780444800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]},{"name":"JETEMA CO., LTD.","award":["jetema-2021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["jetema-2021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-40567-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T14:58:19Z","timestamp":1775919499000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy and safety of e.p.t.q. hyaluronic acid fillers in the context of aesthetic facial rejuvenation or beautification: a post-market clinical follow-up study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Eunyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Il Young","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jungho","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangwook","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byungso","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Seung","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Joon","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seunghee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Sun","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"40567_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2013.e28","volume":"2","author":"H Thimbleby","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thimbleby, H. Technology and the future of healthcare. J. Public Health Res. 2, e28 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Public Health Res."},{"key":"40567_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20043407","volume":"20","author":"AI Stoumpos","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stoumpos, A. I., Kitsios, F. & Talias, M. A. Digital transformation in healthcare: Technology acceptance and its applications. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 20, 3407 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health"},{"key":"40567_CR3","first-page":"2451","volume":"50","author":"Z Ismail","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ismail, Z., Ahmad, W. I. W., Hamjah, S. H. & Astina, I. K. The impact of population ageing: A review. Iran. J. Public Health 50, 2451\u20132460 (2021).","journal-title":"Iran. J. Public Health"},{"key":"40567_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e47","DOI":"10.1177\/229255031202000406","volume":"20","author":"A Furnham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Furnham, A. & Levitas, J. Factors that motivate people to undergo cosmetic surgery. Can. J. Plast. Surg. 20, e47\u2013e50 (2012).","journal-title":"Can. J. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-023-03322-1","volume":"47","author":"S Khetpal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khetpal, S., Ghosh, D. & Roostaeian, J. Innovations in skin and soft tissue aging\u2014a systematic literature review and market analysis of therapeutics and associated outcomes. Aesthet. Plast. Surg. 47, 1609\u20131622 (2023).","journal-title":"Aesthet. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2147\/ciia.2006.1.2.115","volume":"1","author":"R Honigman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Honigman, R. & Castle, D. J. Aging and cosmetic enhancement. Clin. Interv. Aging 1, 115\u2013119 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin. Interv. Aging"},{"key":"40567_CR7","volume":"8","author":"T Akinbiyi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Akinbiyi, T. et al. Better results in facial rejuvenation with fillers. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 8, e2763 (2020).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23841","DOI":"10.1039\/D3RA04321E","volume":"13","author":"J Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo, J., Fang, W. & Wang, F. Injectable fillers: Current status, physicochemical properties, function mechanism, and perspectives. RSC Adv. 13, 23841\u201323858 (2023).","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"40567_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.17830","volume":"36","author":"J Malvehy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Malvehy, J. et al. New regulation of medical devices in the EU: Impact in dermatology. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 36, 360\u2013364 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"key":"40567_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2013.12.019","volume":"10","author":"KT Dicker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dicker, K. T. et al. Hyaluronan: A simple polysaccharide with diverse biological functions. Acta Biomater. 10, 1558\u20131570 (2014).","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"40567_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3280","DOI":"10.1039\/c2sm06463d","volume":"8","author":"X Xu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xu, X., Jha, A. K., Harrington, D. A., Farach-Carson, M. C. & Jia, X. Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels: From a natural polysaccharide to complex networks. Soft Matter 8, 3280\u20133294 (2012).","journal-title":"Soft Matter"},{"key":"40567_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2020.00731","volume":"47","author":"MS Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi, M. S. Basic rheology of dermal filler. Arch. Plast. Surg. 47, 301\u2013304 (2020).","journal-title":"Arch. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120S","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000001770","volume":"136","author":"J Carruthers","year":"2015","unstructured":"Carruthers, J., Carruthers, A. & Humphrey, S. Introduction to fillers. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 136, 120S\u2013131S (2015).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.37871\/jbres1717","volume":"4","author":"MC Issa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Issa, M. C. et al. A new cohesive high-concentrated hyaluronic acid gel filler: Correlation between rheologic properties and clinical indications. J. Biomed. Res. Environ. Sci. 4, 614\u2013618 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Res. Environ. Sci."},{"key":"40567_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.3390\/cosmetics10040105","volume":"10","author":"MCA Issa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Issa, M. C. A. et al. Global facial rejuvenation using a new cohesive, highly concentrated hyaluronic acid filler: A descriptive analysis of 35 cases. Cosmetics 10, 105 (2023).","journal-title":"Cosmetics"},{"key":"40567_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.4859","volume":"28","author":"J Pane","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pane, J. et al. EU postmarket surveillance plans for medical devices. Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. 28, 1155\u20131165 (2019).","journal-title":"Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf."},{"key":"40567_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s43441-023-00527-z","volume":"57","author":"B Kearney","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kearney, B. & McDermott, O. The challenges for manufacturers of the increased clinical evaluation in the European Medical Device Regulations: A quantitative study. Ther. Innov. Regul. Sci. 57, 783\u2013796 (2023).","journal-title":"Ther. Innov. Regul. Sci."},{"key":"40567_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.188","volume":"120","author":"SNA Bukhari","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bukhari, S. N. A. et al. Hyaluronic acid, a promising skin rejuvenating biomedicine: A review of recent updates and pre-clinical and clinical investigations on cosmetic and nutricosmetic effects. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 120, 1682\u20131695 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"40567_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.31675","volume":"87","author":"SJ Falcone","year":"2008","unstructured":"Falcone, S. J. & Berg, R. A. Crosslinked hyaluronic acid dermal fillers: A comparison of rheological properties. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 87, 264\u2013271 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A"},{"key":"40567_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.2147\/CCID.S292501","volume":"14","author":"S Lipko-Godlewska","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lipko-Godlewska, S. et al. Whole-face approach with hyaluronic acid fillers. Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol. 14, 169\u2013178 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dermatol."},{"key":"40567_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2018.06.006","volume":"102","author":"AR Shah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shah, A. R. & Kennedy, P. M. The aging face. Med. Clin. North Am. 102, 1041\u20131054 (2018).","journal-title":"Med. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"40567_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2011.01.008","volume":"64","author":"TH Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park, T. H., Seo, S. W., Kim, J. K. & Chang, C. H. Clinical experience with hyaluronic acid-filler complications. J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg. 64, 892\u2013896 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/polym16192739","volume":"16","author":"GW Hong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hong, G. W. et al. Manufacturing process of hyaluronic acid dermal fillers. Polymers (Basel) 16, 2739 (2024).","journal-title":"Polymers (Basel)"},{"key":"40567_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41702-018-0032-9","volume":"2","author":"W Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee, W. et al. Clinical application of a new hyaluronic acid filler based on its rheological properties and the anatomical site of injection. Biomed. Dermatol. 2, 22 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed. Dermatol."},{"key":"40567_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2018.10.008","volume":"72","author":"W Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee, W. et al. Novel technique of filler injection in the temple area using the vein detection device. J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg. 72, 335\u2013354 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Plast. Reconstr. Aesthet. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjaa197","volume":"41","author":"W Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee, W. et al. Safe glabellar wrinkle correction with soft tissue filler using doppler ultrasound. Aesthet. Surg. J. 41, 1081\u20131089 (2021).","journal-title":"Aesthet. Surg. J."},{"key":"40567_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.14064","volume":"20","author":"Y Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee, Y., Oh, S. M., Lee, W. & Yang, E. J. Comparison of hyaluronic acid filler ejection pressure with injection force for safe filler injection. J. Cosmet. Dermatol. 20, 1551\u20131556 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Cosmet. Dermatol."},{"key":"40567_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-011-9803-z","volume":"36","author":"TH Park","year":"2012","unstructured":"Park, T. H., Seo, S. W., Kim, J. K. & Chang, C. H. Clinical experience with polymethylmethacrylate microsphere filler complications. Aesthet. Plast. Surg. 36, 421\u2013426 (2012).","journal-title":"Aesthet. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-012-2305-7","volume":"40","author":"FR Grippaudo","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grippaudo, F. R., Pacilio, M., Di Girolamo, M., Dierckx, R. A. & Signore, A. Radiolabelled white blood cell scintigraphy in the work-up of dermal filler complications. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 40, 418\u2013425 (2013).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"40567_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2015.42.2.232","volume":"42","author":"JM Lee","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lee, J. M. & Kim, Y. J. Foreign body granulomas after the use of dermal fillers: Pathophysiology, clinical appearance, histologic features, and treatment. Arch. Plast. Surg. 42, 232\u2013239 (2015).","journal-title":"Arch. Plast. Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1101","volume":"5","author":"JK Paulus","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paulus, J. K. et al. Opportunities and challenges in using studies without a control group in comparative effectiveness reviews. Res. Synth. Methods. 5, 152\u2013161 (2014).","journal-title":"Res. Synth. Methods"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"40567_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2023.04.051","volume":"54","author":"NW Willigenburg","year":"2023","unstructured":"Willigenburg, N. W. & Poolman, R. W. The difference between statistical significance and clinical relevance. The case of minimal important change, non-inferiority trials, and smallest worthwhile effect. Injury 54 (Suppl 5), 110764 (2023).","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"40567_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599819852604","volume":"161","author":"AR Sedaghat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sedaghat, A. R. Understanding the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of patient-reported outcome measures. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 161, 551\u2013560 (2019).","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"40567_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.4103\/2229-3485.159943","volume":"6","author":"P Ranganathan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ranganathan, P., Pramesh, C. S. & Buyse, M. Common pitfalls in statistical analysis: Clinical versus statistical significance. Perspect. Clin. Res. 6, 169\u2013170 (2015).","journal-title":"Perspect. Clin. Res."},{"key":"40567_CR35","unstructured":"Sim., A.R. JETEMA Co., Ltd. has expanded its presence in the Middle Eastern market through the execution of an e.p.t.q. export contract valued at approximately USD 2.2 million. (accessed January 29 2026). https:\/\/m.thebell.co.kr\/m\/newsview.asp?svccode=00&newskey=202003241120597800103450\u00a0(2026)."},{"key":"40567_CR36","unstructured":"Lee., K. G. Jetema\u2019s e.p.t.q. secures NMPA approval, marking successful entry of K-Aesthetic technology into the Chinese market. (accessed January 29 2026). https:\/\/www.yakup.com\/news\/index.html?mode=view&nid=309487\u00a0(2026)."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-40567-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-40567-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-40567-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T23:24:08Z","timestamp":1780442648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-40567-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["40567"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-40567-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Eunyeon Kim is an investigator, speaker, consultant for and an external clinical expert on a medical device risk management team of JETEMA Co., Ltd. Jungho Seo and Byungso Kwon are lecturers and investigators for JETEMA Co., Ltd. Both Jae Young Kim and Jeong Sun Nam are the chief executive officers of JETEMA Co., Ltd., both of whom participated as a co-author of the current study to endorse the social sustainability of a medical device under European Union Medical Device Regulations 2017\/745. But other authors declare no conflicts of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"17058"}}