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An ethical clearance for the primary study was obtained both from Jimma University Institutional Review Board (Ref. no. IHRPGD\/320\/18) and Ethiopian Public Health Institute Scientific and Ethical Review Board (Ref. no. EPHI 6.13\/592). The original study involved obtaining official letter of support to conduct the study from the Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional Health Bureau (SNNP RHB) and the Silti Zone Health office in Central Ethiopia. It also followed additional ethical principles such as provision of adequate information on TB for the participants and obtaining a written informed consent from all index TB cases and household contacts, including form children less than 18 years old through their parents or guardians. All the various procedures and methods in the study including selection of index TB cases, identification of household contacts, conduct of the screening process, acquisition of sputum samples from symptomatic TB cases, confirmatory tests of smear microscopy, GeneXpert and liquid culture and subsequent applications of machine learning techniques were performed following relevant guidelines and regulations. Furthermore, the analysis was made at an aggregate level there by ensuring data anonymity.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical consideration"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"10457"}}