{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T12:38:17Z","timestamp":1782477497175,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":41,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Science and Technology Research Program of the Chongqing Municipal Education Commission","award":["KJQN202500408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KJQN202500408"]}]},{"name":"the 2024 Graduate Advisor Team Project of the First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University","award":["CYYY-XKDFJH-DSTD-202404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CYYY-XKDFJH-DSTD-202404"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-42909-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T05:23:44Z","timestamp":1774329824000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intradiscal platelet-rich plasma for discogenic low back pain: a prospective cohort study of early clinical outcomes and quantitative MRI findings"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaohan","family":"Pan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10137","key":"42909_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30480-X","volume":"391","author":"J Hartvigsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hartvigsen, J. et al. What low back pain is and why we need to pay attention. Lancet 391 (10137), 2356\u20132367 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"42909_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e069517","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-069517","volume":"13","author":"A Melman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Melman, A. et al. Global prevalence of hospital admissions for low back pain: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMJ open. 13 (4), e069517 (2023).","journal-title":"BMJ open."},{"issue":"suppl_2","key":"42909_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.01273","volume":"88","author":"JN Katz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Katz, J. N. Lumbar disc disorders and low-back pain: socioeconomic factors and consequences. JbJs 88 (suppl_2), 21\u201324 (2006).","journal-title":"JbJs"},{"issue":"4","key":"42909_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-022-07152-8","volume":"31","author":"W Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, W. et al. Gut-disc axis: A cause of intervertebral disc degeneration and low back pain? Eur. Spine J. 31 (4), 917\u2013925 (2022).","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"issue":"4","key":"42909_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e343","DOI":"10.1002\/wdev.343","volume":"8","author":"S Mohanty","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohanty, S. & Dahia, C. L. Defects in intervertebral disc and spine during development, degeneration, and pain: new research directions for disc regeneration and therapy. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Dev. Biology. 8 (4), e343 (2019).","journal-title":"Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Dev. Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"42909_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1903","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3774-8","volume":"473","author":"T Kadow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kadow, T., Sowa, G., Vo, N. & Kang, J. D. Molecular basis of intervertebral disc degeneration and herniations: what are the important translational questions? Clin. Orthop. Relat. Research\u00ae. 473 (6), 1903\u20131912 (2015).","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Research\u00ae"},{"issue":"11","key":"42909_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2521","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.24639","volume":"38","author":"C Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, C. et al. Inflammatory cytokine and catabolic enzyme expression in a goat model of intervertebral disc degeneration. J. Orthop. Research\u00ae. 38 (11), 2521\u20132531 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Orthop. Research\u00ae"},{"key":"42909_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2024.104693","volume":"27","author":"AP Chiu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chiu, A. P. et al. Human molecular mechanisms of discogenic low back pain: A scoping review. J. Pain. 27, 104693 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1320","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1320","volume":"7","author":"S Kawabata","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kawabata, S. et al. Intradiscal administration of autologous platelet-rich plasma in patients with Modic type 1 associated low back pain: A prospective pilot study. JOR spine. 7 (1), e1320 (2024).","journal-title":"JOR spine"},{"key":"42909_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brass, L. Understanding and evaluating platelet function. Hematology the American Society of Hematology Education Program Book. (1):387\u2013396. (2010).","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2010.1.387"},{"issue":"8","key":"42909_CR11","first-page":"E1189","volume":"19","author":"X Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Hao, J., Hu, Z. & Yang, H. Clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging assessment of intradiscal methylene blue injection for the treatment of discogenic low back pain. Pain Physician. 19 (8), E1189 (2016).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"5","key":"42909_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.25259\/IJDVL_1254_20","volume":"89","author":"SK Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh, S. K. & Singh, S. Effect of platelet counts and activator in platelet-rich plasma on the treatment of androgenetic alopecia, split-head comparison: A randomised, double-blind study. Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol. 89 (5), 647\u2013655 (2023).","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol. Venereol. Leprol."},{"issue":"5","key":"42909_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2021.03.008","volume":"18","author":"E Poulios","year":"2021","unstructured":"Poulios, E. et al. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) improves erectile function: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J. Sex. Med. 18 (5), 926\u2013935 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Sex. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546520909397","volume":"49","author":"JW Belk","year":"2021","unstructured":"Belk, J. W. et al. Platelet-rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid for knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am. J. Sports Med. 49 (1), 249\u2013260 (2021).","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"42909_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schol, J., Tamagawa, S., Volleman, T. N. E., Ishijima, M. & Sakai, D. A comprehensive review of cell transplantation and platelet-rich plasma therapy for the treatment of disc degeneration-related back and neck pain: A systematic evidence-based analysis. ;7(2):e1348. (2024).","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1348"},{"key":"42909_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuakli-Wosornu, Y. A. et al. Lumbar intradiskal platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections: A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled study. PM R ;8(1). (2015).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.08.010"},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR17","first-page":"29","volume":"25","author":"MA Zielinski","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zielinski, M. A. et al. Safety and efficacy of platelet rich plasma for treatment of lumbar discogenic pain: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study. Pain Physician. 25 (1), 29 (2022).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"3","key":"42909_CR18","first-page":"75","volume":"27","author":"D Stefanou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Stefanou, D. et al. T2 mapping of lumbar intervertebral disc: quantitative evaluation of degeneration in relation to Pfirrmann grading system and a template for intervertebral disc segmentation. Hippokratia 27 (3), 75 (2023).","journal-title":"Hippokratia"},{"key":"42909_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108858","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2020.108858","volume":"124","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang, Y. et al. Quantitative synthetic MRI for evaluation of the lumbar intervertebral disk degeneration in patients with chronic low back pain. Eur. J. Radiol. 124, 108858 (2020).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"issue":"11","key":"42909_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-020-03419-7","volume":"49","author":"Y Ji","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ji, Y. et al. Intervertebral disc degeneration associated with vertebral marrow fat, assessed using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging. Skeletal Radiol. 49 (11), 1753\u20131763 (2020).","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"42909_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","volume":"15","author":"TK Koo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Koo, T. K. & Li, M. Y. A Guideline of Selecting and Reporting Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for Reliability Research. J. Chiropr. Med. 15 (2), 155\u2013163 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Chiropr. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200101010-00015","volume":"26","author":"RJ Feise","year":"2001","unstructured":"Feise, R. J. & Michael Menke, J. Functional rating index: a new valid and reliable instrument to measure the magnitude of clinical change in spinal conditions. Spine 26 (1), 78\u201386 (2001).","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"42909_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-015-0798-5","volume":"16","author":"K Akeda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akeda, K., Yamada, T., Inoue, N., Nishimura, A. & Sudo, A. Risk factors for lumbar intervertebral disc height narrowing: a population-based longitudinal study in the elderly. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 16, 344 (2015).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"issue":"17","key":"42909_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200109010-00011","volume":"26","author":"CW Pfirrmann","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pfirrmann, C. W., Metzdorf, A., Zanetti, M., Hodler, J. & Boos, N. Magnetic resonance classification of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine 26 (17), 1873\u20131878 (2001).","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"2","key":"42909_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2007.09.005","volume":"9","author":"RH Dworkin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dworkin, R. H. et al. Interpreting the clinical importance of treatment outcomes in chronic pain clinical trials: IMMPACT recommendations. J. Pain. 9 (2), 105\u2013121 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815e3a10","volume":"33","author":"RW Ostelo","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ostelo, R. W. et al. Interpreting change scores for pain and functional status in low back pain: towards international consensus regarding minimal important change. Spine 33 (1), 90\u201394 (2008).","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"42909_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3725","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S430792","volume":"16","author":"B Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei, B. & Wu, H. Study of the distribution of lumbar modic changes in patients with low back pain and correlation with lumbar degeneration diseases. J. pain Res. 16, 3725\u20133733 (2023).","journal-title":"J. pain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-025-09182-x","volume":"26","author":"H Ahmadifard","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ahmadifard, H., Khatibzade-Nasari, N., Baghestani-Koozehgar, R. & Farzaneh, F. Prevalence of modic changes in patients with low back pain and association with degenerative spinal findings: a retrospective MRI study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 26 (1), 1035 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"42909_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.ija_821_22","volume":"67","author":"GK Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh, G. K. et al. Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on low back pain in patients with prolapsed intervertebral disc: a randomised controlled trial. Indian J. Anaesth. 67 (3), 277\u2013282 (2023).","journal-title":"Indian J. Anaesth."},{"key":"42909_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akeda, K. et al. Platelet-rich plasma releasate versus corticosteroid for the treatment of discogenic low back pain: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. J. Clin. medicine ;11(2). (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11020304"},{"issue":"6","key":"42909_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw299","volume":"18","author":"GE Lutz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lutz, G. E. Increased nuclear T2 signal intensity and improved function and pain in a patient one year after an intradiscal platelet\u2013rich plasma injection. Pain Med. 18 (6), 1197\u20131199 (2017).","journal-title":"Pain Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1043","DOI":"10.1002\/jsp2.1043","volume":"2","author":"M Loibl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Loibl, M. et al. Controversies in regenerative medicine: Should intervertebral disc degeneration be treated with mesenchymal stem cells? JOR Spine. 2 (1), e1043 (2019).","journal-title":"JOR Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"42909_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-022-05389-y","volume":"46","author":"C Lutz","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lutz, C. et al. Clinical outcomes following intradiscal injections of higher-concentration platelet-rich plasma in patients with chronic lumbar discogenic pain. Int. Orthop. 46 (6), 1381\u20131385 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. Orthop."},{"key":"42909_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598816","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.598816","volume":"8","author":"DV Pachito","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pachito, D. V., Bagattini, \u00c2. M., de Almeida, A. M., Mendrone-J\u00fanior, A. & Riera, R. Technical procedures for preparation and administration of platelet-rich plasma and related products: a scoping review. Front. cell. Dev. biology. 8, 598816 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. cell. Dev. biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"42909_CR35","first-page":"ZC10","volume":"9","author":"R Sabarish","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sabarish, R., Lavu, V. & Rao, S. R. A comparison of platelet count and enrichment percentages in the platelet rich plasma (PRP) obtained following preparation by three different methods. J. Clin. Diagn. Research: JCDR. 9 (2), ZC10 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Diagn. Research: JCDR"},{"issue":"6","key":"42909_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.teb.2019.0292","volume":"26","author":"J Fang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fang, J. et al. Platelet-rich plasma therapy in the treatment of diseases associated with orthopedic injuries. Tissue Eng. Part. B: Reviews. 26 (6), 571\u2013585 (2020).","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part. B: Reviews"},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E65","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj.2024.27.E65","volume":"27","author":"A Navani","year":"2024","unstructured":"Navani, A. et al. The safety and effectiveness of orthobiologic injections for discogenic chronic low back pain: a multicenter prospective, crossover, randomized controlled trial with 12 months follow-up. Pain Physician. 27 (1), E65 (2024).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"9","key":"42909_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.2217\/rme-2019-0040","volume":"14","author":"J Cheng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cheng, J., Santiago, K. A., Nguyen, J. T., Solomon, J. L. & Lutz, G. E. Treatment of symptomatic degenerative intervertebral discs with autologous platelet-rich plasma: follow-up at 5\u20139 years. Regen. Med. 14 (9), 831\u2013840 (2019).","journal-title":"Regen. Med."},{"key":"42909_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jurk, K. & Kehrel, B. E. Platelets: physiology and biochemistry. Paper presented at: Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis2005.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-916671"},{"issue":"3","key":"42909_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13071","DOI":"10.1111\/apha.13071","volume":"223","author":"D Scully","year":"2018","unstructured":"Scully, D., Naseem, K. & Matsakas, A. Platelet biology in regenerative medicine of skeletal muscle. Acta Physiol. 223 (3), e13071 (2018).","journal-title":"Acta Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.31616\/asj.2019.0161","volume":"15","author":"MZ Baig","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baig, M. Z. et al. Use of platelet-rich plasma in treating low back pain: a review of the current literature. Asian Spine J. 15 (1), 117 (2020).","journal-title":"Asian Spine J."},{"issue":"5","key":"42909_CR42","first-page":"e1","volume":"132","author":"B Peng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Peng, B. et al. Identification of key lipids critical for platelet activation by comprehensive analysis of the platelet lipidome. Blood J. Am. Soc. Hematol. 132 (5), e1\u2013e12 (2018).","journal-title":"Blood J. Am. Soc. Hematol."},{"issue":"28","key":"42909_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18699","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)55119-X","volume":"266","author":"ML Nieto","year":"1991","unstructured":"Nieto, M. L. et al. Evidence that hydrolysis of ethanolamine plasmalogens triggers synthesis of platelet-activating factor via a transacylation reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 266 (28), 18699\u201318706 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"8","key":"42909_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.12847","volume":"20","author":"H Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang, H. et al. The role of TGF-\u03b21\/Smad2\/3 pathway in platelet-rich plasma in retarding intervertebral disc degeneration. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 20 (8), 1542\u20131549 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"42909_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17270","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms151017270","volume":"15","author":"W Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li, W. et al. Blocking the function of inflammatory cytokines and mediators by using IL-10 and TGF-\u03b2: a potential biological immunotherapy for intervertebral disc degeneration in a beagle model. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 15 (10), 17270\u201317283 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"17","key":"42909_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2153","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200009010-00002","volume":"25","author":"HE Gruber","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gruber, H. E., Norton, H. J. & Hanley, E. N. Jr Anti-apoptotic effects of IGF-1 and PDGF on human intervertebral disc cells in vitro. Spine 25 (17), 2153\u20132157 (2000).","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"6","key":"42909_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.110.6.2195","volume":"110","author":"ME Joyce","year":"1990","unstructured":"Joyce, M. E., Roberts, A. B., Sporn, M. B. & Bolander, M. E. Transforming growth factor-beta and the initiation of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in the rat femur. J. Cell Biol. 110 (6), 2195\u20132207 (1990).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"issue":"3","key":"42909_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20765","volume":"209","author":"WH Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, W. H. et al. Tissue-engineered intervertebral disc and chondrogenesis using human nucleus pulposus regulated through TGF\u2010\u03b21 in platelet\u2010rich plasma. J. Cell. Physiol. 209 (3), 744\u2013754 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"42909_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2012.08.125","volume":"426","author":"CY Kim","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kim, C. Y., Kim, G-N., Wiacek, J. L., Chen, C-Y. & Kim, K-H. Selenate inhibits adipogenesis through induction of transforming growth factor-\u03b21 (TGF-\u03b21) signaling. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 426 (4), 551\u2013557 (2012).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"42909_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000002388","volume":"138","author":"M Loibl","year":"2016","unstructured":"Loibl, M. et al. Leukocyte-reduced platelet-rich plasma alters protein expression of adipose tissue\u2013derived mesenchymal stem cells. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 138 (2), 397\u2013408 (2016).","journal-title":"Plast. Reconstr. Surg."},{"issue":"7","key":"42909_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2020.1810221","volume":"32","author":"H-H Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu, H-H. et al. Platelet-rich plasma promotes bone formation, restrains adipogenesis and accelerates vascularization to relieve steroids-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Platelets 32 (7), 950\u2013959 (2021).","journal-title":"Platelets"},{"issue":"10","key":"42909_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546511417792","volume":"39","author":"EA Sundman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sundman, E. A., Cole, B. J. & Fortier, L. A. Growth factor and catabolic cytokine concentrations are influenced by the cellular composition of platelet-rich plasma. Am. J. Sports Med. 39 (10), 2135\u20132140 (2011).","journal-title":"Am. J. Sports Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"42909_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1002\/term.3032","volume":"14","author":"V D\u2019Esposito","year":"2020","unstructured":"D\u2019Esposito, V. et al. Platelet-rich plasma counteracts detrimental effect of high\u2010glucose concentrations on mesenchymal stem cells from Bichat fat pad. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 14 (5), 701\u2013713 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med."},{"issue":"23\u201324","key":"42909_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3303","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2013.0556","volume":"20","author":"Y Jin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jin, Y. et al. rhPDGF-BB via ERK pathway osteogenesis and adipogenesis balancing in ADSCs for critical-sized calvarial defect repair. Tissue Eng. Part A. 20 (23\u201324), 3303\u20133313 (2014).","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"42909_CR55","unstructured":"Wong, A., Zhou, I. Y., Tsang, A., Han, I. W. & Wu, E. X. Disc location dependence of the proteoglycan (PG) T2 value in human lumbar intervertebral disc. Paper presented at: ISMRM-ESMRMB Annual Meeting 20142014."},{"issue":"4","key":"42909_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.2463\/mrms.tn.2017-0121","volume":"17","author":"SH Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee, S. H., Lee, Y. H., Song, H-T. & Suh, J-S. Quantitative T2 mapping of knee cartilage: comparison between the synthetic MR imaging and the CPMG sequence. Magn. Reson. Med. Sci. 17 (4), 344\u2013349 (2018).","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"42909_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26675","volume":"50","author":"R Krug","year":"2019","unstructured":"Krug, R. et al. Associations between vertebral body fat fraction and intervertebral disc biochemical composition as assessed by quantitative MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging. 50 (4), 1219\u20131226 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"6","key":"42909_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0000000000001507","volume":"47","author":"S-Y Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, S-Y. et al. Quantitative relaxometry assessment of brain microstructural abnormality of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder with synthetic magnetic resonance imaging. J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. 47 (6), 959\u2013966 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr."},{"key":"42909_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e37307","volume":"10","author":"Z Tian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tian, Z. et al. Quantitative assessment of rotator cuff injuries using synthetic MRI and IDEAL-IQ imaging techniques. Heliyon 10, 17 (2024).","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"42909_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-06040-y","volume":"23","author":"L Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang, L. et al. T1\u03c1, T2 and T2* mapping of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration: a comparison study. BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. 23 (1), 1135 (2022).","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet. Disord."},{"key":"42909_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"204062232412932","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223241293260","volume":"15","author":"Y Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, Y. et al. Quantitative evaluation of risk factors for low back pain in young patients using synthetic magnetic resonance imaging and proton density fat fraction analyses. Therapeutic Adv. Chronic Disease. 15, 20406223241293260 (2024).","journal-title":"Therapeutic Adv. Chronic Disease"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-42909-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-42909-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-42909-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T05:04:59Z","timestamp":1777957499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-42909-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["42909"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-42909-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This study adhered to the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Approval No. 2023\u2009\u2212\u2009303).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}],"article-number":"14161"}}