{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T20:52:41Z","timestamp":1781643161838,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":45,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"The High-Level Talent Research Support Program of Shenyang Ligong University","award":["1010147001253"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1010147001253"]}]},{"name":"The Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Plan Joint Program","award":["2025-MSLH-583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025-MSLH-583"]}]},{"name":"The Fundamental Research Funds for the Provincial Undergraduate Universities of Liaoning Province","award":["LJ212410144023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJ212410144023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Internal explosions within ship compartments pose a severe threat to structural integrity. To investigate the plastic dynamic response of ship bulkheads under such loading, this study presents a comprehensive approach integrating experimental testing, numerical simulation, and theoretical derivation. First, a numerical model for shock wave propagation in a confined cabin was established to characterize the complex load distribution. Based on the simulation results, fitting formulas for reflected shock wave overpressure in different bulkhead regions were derived. Subsequently, a simplified theoretical model for predicting plastic deformation was developed based on the principle of energy conservation and the momentum theorem. By utilizing impulse equivalence and constructing a deflection shape function, the plastic dissipation energy\u2014including the bending of plastic hinge lines and in-plane membrane stretching\u2014was analytically solved. To validate the proposed theoretical model, cabin explosion tests using 80\u00a0g TNT charges were conducted. The results indicate that the theoretical predictions align well with the experimental measurements, with a relative error of approximately 13.8%. This demonstrates that the proposed method provides a rapid and effective tool for predicting the plastic deformation of bulkheads under internal blast loading, offering a practical alternative to time-consuming numerical simulations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-43574-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T18:25:30Z","timestamp":1773426330000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prediction of ship bulkhead deflection under internal explosion"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Qing-hua","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-guang","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhen-gang","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"43574_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.19693\/j.issn.1673-3185.03930","volume":"19","author":"Y Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. 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