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In this nationwide study of 496,432 adolescents, AEFI incidence rate ratios (IRRs) after first- and second-dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination were compared to IRRs in unvaccinated subjects, and a self-controlled case series analysis was done as a secondary analysis. Seventeen pre-selected potential AEFIs were investigated: Anaphylactic reaction, Acute appendicitis, Lymphadenopathy, Arrhythmia, Cerebrovascular events, Death, Encephalomyelitis and meningitis, Epilepsy and convulsions, Facial nerve palsy, Herpes zoster, Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Myocarditis and pericarditis, Venous thromboembolic events, Arthropathy, Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome, IgA vasculitis, and Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. Most AEFI were rare among adolescents, with few cases, and there was no statistically significant increase in the incidence of AEFIs after first-dose vaccination. Increased IRRs of anaphylactic reaction, lymphadenopathy, appendicitis, and myocarditis and pericarditis were observed following second-dose vaccination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-45261-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T14:25:40Z","timestamp":1774621540000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Adverse events following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in norwegian adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Vilde","family":"Bergstad Larsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Gunnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon Michael","family":"Gran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Dahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kon","family":"B\u00f8\u00e5s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Viksmoen Watle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob Dag","family":"Berild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margrethe","family":"Greve-Isdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketil","family":"St\u00f8rdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanne","family":"L\u00f8vdal Gulseth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8ystein","family":"Karlstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paz","family":"Lopez-Doriga Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"German","family":"Tapia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"45261_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-056549","volume":"12","author":"K St\u00f8rdal","year":"2022","unstructured":"St\u00f8rdal, K. et al. 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No sponsor had any influence in study design, collection, analysis or interpretation of the data, nor in writing the manuscript, or in the decision to submit. \u00d8K and PLDR reports participation in research projects funded by Novo Nordisk, LEO Pharma and Bristol-Myers Squibb, all regulator-mandated phase IV studies, all with funds paid to their institution (no personal fees) and with no relation to the work reported in this paper. HLG reports previous participation in research projects and clinical trials funded by Novo Nordisk, GSK, AstraZeneca, and Boehringer-Ingelheim, all related to diabetes and paid to her previous institution Oslo University Hospital (no personal fees). She has received a lecture fee from Sanofi-Aventis (2018). All other authors report no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"10878"}}