{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T23:44:11Z","timestamp":1787615051707,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":53,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004772","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023A0138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023A0138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004772","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Preliminary Research Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2026GZRYSY007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026GZRYSY007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-45541-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T09:24:31Z","timestamp":1778318671000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["LncRNA MALAT1 drives diabetic kidney injury via Nrf2 suppression in glomerular endothelium"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Li-rong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-rui","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-ting","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-yan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-mei","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-song","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yun-peng","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-bo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Xin-Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-li","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"45541_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-024-02537-z","volume":"28","author":"K Kanasaki","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kanasaki, K. et al. Diabetic kidney disease: The kidney disease relevant to individuals with diabetes. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. 28 (12), 1213\u20131220 (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Nephrol."},{"issue":"2","key":"45541_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnz010","volume":"41","author":"Y Lytvyn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lytvyn, Y. et al. The new biology of diabetic kidney disease-mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Endocr. Rev. 41 (2), 202\u2013231 (2020).","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"45541_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: A pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants. Lancet (London England). 404 (10467), 2077\u20132093 (2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02317-1"},{"key":"45541_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Boer I. H., Khunti, K. et al. Diabetes management in chronic kidney disease: A consensus report by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Diabetes Care. 45 (12), 3075\u20133090 (2022).","DOI":"10.2337\/dci22-0027"},{"issue":"8","key":"45541_CR5","first-page":"581","volume":"39","author":"P Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei, P. & Menglong, W. Analysis of disease burden and risk factors of diabetic kidney disease in China from 1990 to 2019. Chin. J. Nephrol. 39 (8), 581\u2013588 (2023).","journal-title":"Chin. J. Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"45541_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"20","author":"M Nangaku","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nangaku, M. Pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy. Clin. Exp. Nephrol. 20 (1), 1\u20139 (2016).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"45541_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0956-4","volume":"18","author":"AM Schmidt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schmidt, A. M. et al. Glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 18 (1), 148 (2019).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"45541_CR8","unstructured":"Yu, X. et al. Endothelial - to - mesenchymal transition contributes to glomerulosclerosis in diabetic nephropathy. Am. J. Physiol. Ren. Physiol., 314(3), F452\u2013F463 (2018)."},{"issue":"12","key":"45541_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4389","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21124389","volume":"21","author":"W Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen, W. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in glomerular endothelial cell dysfunction of diabetic nephropathy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21 (12), 4389 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"45541_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2001-0039","volume":"23","author":"JL Evans","year":"2002","unstructured":"Evans, J. L. et al. Oxidative stress and stress\u2014activated signaling pathways: A unifying hypothesis of type 2 diabetes. Endocr. Rev. 23 (5), 599\u2013622 (2002).","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"issue":"6","key":"45541_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.6.1615","volume":"54","author":"M Brownlee","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brownlee, M. The pathobiology of diabetic complications: A unifying mechanism. Diabetes 54 (6), 1615\u20131625 (2005).","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"45541_CR12","unstructured":"Xu, D. et al. Insulin resistance and oxidative stress: A vicious cycle in diabetic kidney disease. Oxid. Med. Cell Longev. 2020, 8892745 (2020)."},{"key":"45541_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2019.110508","volume":"497","author":"X Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang, X. et al. High glucose-induced insulin resistance in glomerular endothelial cells via impaired insulin signaling pathway. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 497, 110508 (2019).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"11","key":"45541_CR14","first-page":"5123","volume":"25","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jiang, Y. et al. Advanced glycation end products promote insulin resistance and oxidative stress in diabetic kidney disease. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 25 (11), 5123\u20135134 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Mol. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"45541_CR15","first-page":"1129","volume":"105","author":"A Lay","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lay, A. et al. Profiling of insulin-resistant kidney models and human biopsies reveals common and cell-type-specific mechanisms underpinning Diabetic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int. 105 (6), 1129\u20131145 (2024).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"12","key":"45541_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3074","volume":"12","author":"M Esteller","year":"2011","unstructured":"Esteller, M. Non-coding RNAs in human disease. Nat. Rev. Genet. 12 (12), 861\u2013874 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"45541_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-051410-092902","volume":"81","author":"JL Rinn","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rinn, J. L. & Chang, H. Y. Genome regulation by long noncoding RNAs. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 81, 145\u2013166 (2012).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"issue":"11","key":"45541_CR18","first-page":"1174","volume":"24","author":"V Tripathi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tripathi, V. et al. MALAT1, a noncoding RNA, regulates alternative splicing and tumor metastasis. Genes Dev. 24 (11), 1174\u20131189 (2010).","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"issue":"3","key":"45541_CR19","first-page":"231","volume":"22","author":"T Gutschner","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gutschner, T. & Diederichs, S. The role of long non-coding RNAs in cancer. Semin. Cancer Biol. 22 (3), 231\u2013240 (2012).","journal-title":"Semin. Cancer Biol."},{"key":"45541_CR20","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. et al. LncRNA MALAT1: A novel therapeutic target in kidney diseases. Life Sci. 307, 120987  (2022)."},{"issue":"8","key":"45541_CR21","first-page":"1659","volume":"46","author":"C Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, C. et al. Urinary exosomal MALAT1 as a diagnostic biomarker for diabetic kidney disease. Diabetes Care. 46 (8), 1659\u20131667 (2023).","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"45541_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.2337\/db20-0375","volume":"70","author":"A Rakesh Radhakrishnan, Renu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Radhakrishnan, R., & Kowluru, R. A. Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 and regulation of the antioxidant defense system in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 70 (1), 227\u2013239 (2021).","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"45541_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2573","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S523821","volume":"18","author":"Z Meng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Meng, Z. et al. Establishment and evaluation of HepG2 cell insulin resistance model. Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes. 18, 2573\u20132584 (2025).","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"45541_CR24","unstructured":"Mingyuan, C. et al. Phenolic constituents from black quinoa alleviate insulin resistance in HepG2 cells via regulating IRS1\/PI3K\/Akt\/GLUTs signaling pathways. J. Agric. Food Chem. (2023)."},{"issue":"5","key":"45541_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346485","volume":"32","author":"XD Wan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wan, X. D. et al. Disruption of glucose homeostasis and induction of insulin resistance by elevated free fatty acids in human L02 hepatocytes. J. Endocrinol. Investig. 32 (5), 454\u2013459 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol. Investig"},{"key":"45541_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carter, D. R. et al. Systems biology and functional assessments of human iPSC-cardiomyocyte models of insulin resistance capture key hallmarks of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetes. 74(11), 1929\u20131929 (2025).","DOI":"10.2337\/db25-0204"},{"key":"45541_CR27","unstructured":"Yi, W. T. et al. Next-generation therapeutics for diabetic kidney disease. Nat. Rev. Nephrol.  1\u201315 (2026)."},{"issue":"5","key":"45541_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2025.07.023","volume":"108","author":"R Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, R. et al. Protein UHRF1-mediated dual dysregulation of molecular chaperone GRP78 induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and aggravates diabetic nephropathy. Kidney Int. 108 (5), 883\u2013900 (2025).","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"45541_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, X. et al. Oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and its complications: From pathophysiology to therapeutic strategies. Chin. Med. J. (2024).","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000003230"},{"key":"45541_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tan, Y., Lin, X. & Xie, L. The role of oxidative stress in the association between metabolic score for insulin resistance and stroke: Evidence from two large population-based studies. Exp. Gerontol. 2025, 205112761.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2025.112761"},{"issue":"46","key":"45541_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e08991","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202508991","volume":"12","author":"D Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, D. et al. Acetylation of the mitochondrial chaperone GRP75 governs ER-mitochondrial calcium homeostasis and hepatocyte insulin resistance. Adv. Sci. 12 (46), e08991 (2025).","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"issue":"1","key":"45541_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6526","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-24907-w","volume":"8","author":"S Biswas","year":"2018","unstructured":"Biswas, S. et al. MALAT1: An epigenetic regulator of inflammation in diabetic retinopathy. Sci. Rep. 8 (1), 6526 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"45541_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-020-00544-0","volume":"12","author":"R Ebrahimi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ebrahimi, R. et al. Adipose tissue gene expression of long non-coding RNAs; MALAT1, TUG1 in obesity: is it associated with metabolic profile and lipid homeostasis-related genes expression? Diabetol. Metab. Syndr. 12, 36 (2020).","journal-title":"Diabetol. Metab. Syndr."},{"key":"45541_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li, P. et al. A liver-enriched long non-coding RNA, lncLSTR, regulates systemic lipid metabolism in mice. Cell Metab. 21(3), 455\u2013467 (2015).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2015.02.004"},{"key":"45541_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, S. et al. Exercise reduces insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus via mediating the lncRNA MALAT1\/MicroRNA-382-3p\/resistin axis. Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids. 2019, 1834\u20131844 (2019).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2019.08.002"},{"key":"45541_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gong, W. et al. LncRNA MALAT1 promotes the apoptosis and oxidative stress of human lens epithelial cells via p38MAPK pathway in diabetic cataract. Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 144314\u2013144321 (2018).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2018.06.020"},{"issue":"4","key":"45541_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4944","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.27296","volume":"234","author":"G Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu, G. et al. LncRNA HOTAIR functions as a competing endogenous RNA to upregulate SIRT1 by sponging miR-34a in diabetic cardiomyopathy. J. Cell. Physiol. 234 (4), 4944\u20134958 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"issue":"10","key":"45541_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18278","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.29134","volume":"120","author":"Y Manli","year":"2019","unstructured":"Manli, Y. et al. RNA-Seq analysis and functional characterization revealed lncRNA NONRATT007560.2 regulated cardiomyocytes oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by high glucose. J. Cell. Biochem. 120 (10), 18278\u201318287 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"issue":"1","key":"45541_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36340","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36340","volume":"6","author":"L Xiangquan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xiangquan, L. et al. lncRNA H19\/miR-675 axis regulates cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting VDAC1 in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Sci. Rep. 6 (1), 36340 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45541-x","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45541-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45541-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:03:13Z","timestamp":1782921793000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45541-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["45541"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-45541-x","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8249151\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20152"}}