{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T01:46:54Z","timestamp":1782870414779,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":62,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004320","name":"Shiraz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["28045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["28045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004320","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-45906-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:57:02Z","timestamp":1777521422000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Factors affecting patients\u2019 trust in physicians in the cases of prescribing invasive interventions among musculoskeletal patients referring to clinics in Shiraz, 2023: a discrete choice experiment"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Aida","family":"Javanmardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sajad","family":"Delavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Kavosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ameneh","family":"Tavakolian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9118-5447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Bayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1136\/jme-2022-108539","volume":"51","author":"S Ludewigs","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ludewigs, S., Narchi, J., Kiefer, L. & Winkler, E. C. Ethics of the fiduciary relationship between patient and physician: The case of informed consent. J. Med. Ethics 51(1), 59\u201366 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Med. Ethics"},{"issue":"11","key":"45906_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_1760_18","volume":"66","author":"SG Honavar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Honavar, S. G. Patient-physician relationship - Communication is the key. Indian J. Ophthalmol. 66(11), 1527\u20138 (2018).","journal-title":"Indian J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"45906_CR3","first-page":"171","volume-title":"The surgeon-patient relationship: Built upon trust","author":"HA Rodriguez","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rodriguez, H. A. & Pellegrini, C. A. The surgeon-patient relationship: Built upon trust 171\u2013178 (Springer, 2019)."},{"issue":"8","key":"45906_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V47N8p275","volume":"47","author":"C Rajasoorya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rajasoorya, C. Credat emptor\u2013The sacrosanct doctor-patient relationship. Ann. Acad. Med. Singap. 47 (8), 275\u2013277 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Acad. Med. Singap."},{"issue":"12","key":"45906_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0207394","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207394","volume":"13","author":"J Sun","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sun, J. et al. Exploring the influence of resiliency on physician trust in patients: An empirical study of Chinese incidents. PLoS One 13(12), e0207394 (2018).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"45906_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.2307\/258792","volume":"20","author":"RC Mayer","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H. & Schoorman, F. D. An integrative model of organizational trust. Acad. Manage. Rev. 20(3), 709\u201334 (1995).","journal-title":"Acad. Manage. Rev."},{"issue":"8","key":"45906_CR7","first-page":"1976","volume":"71","author":"S Khalid","year":"2021","unstructured":"Khalid, S., Ali Shah, S. Z., Khalil, A. A. & Ullah, I. Impact of musculoskeletal disorders on quality of life of patients visiting tertiary care hospital. J. Pak. Med. Assoc. 71(8), 1976\u201389 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Pak. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"45906_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9041216","author":"MA Minetto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Minetto, M. A. et al. Common musculoskeletal disorders in the elderly: The star triad. J. Clin. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm9041216 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2018.304747","volume":"109","author":"FM Blyth","year":"2019","unstructured":"Blyth, F. M., Briggs, A. M., Schneider, C. H., Hoy, D. G. & March, L. M. The global burden of musculoskeletal pain\u2014where to from here? Am. J. Public Health. 109 (1), 35\u201340 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"45906_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2013.12.011","volume":"155","author":"SE Regenbogen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Regenbogen, S. E. et al. The effect of complications on the patient-surgeon relationship after colorectal cancer surgery. Surgery 155 (5), 841\u2013850 (2014).","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3109\/0284186X.2012.689856","volume":"52","author":"N Holwerda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Holwerda, N. et al. Do patients trust their physician? The role of attachment style in the patient-physician relationship within one year after a cancer diagnosis. Acta Oncol. 52 (1), 110\u2013117 (2013).","journal-title":"Acta Oncol."},{"issue":"3","key":"45906_CR12","first-page":"126","volume":"2","author":"PA Bourne","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bourne, P. A., Francis, C. G. & Kerr-Campbell, M. D. Patient care: Is interpersonal trust missing?. N. Am. J. Med. Sci. 2(3), 126 (2010).","journal-title":"N. Am. J. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"45906_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.19186","volume":"321","author":"TH Lee","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lee, T. H., McGlynn, E. A. & Safran, D. G. A framework for increasing trust between patients and the organizations that care for them. JAMA 321(6), 539\u2013540 (2019).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"7500","key":"45906_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1139","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.330.7500.1139","volume":"330","author":"A Thompson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Thompson, A. & Stonebridge, P. Building a framework for trust: Critical event analysis of deaths in surgical care. BMJ 330(7500), 1139\u20131142 (2005).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"45906_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.02.015","volume":"89","author":"VL Payne","year":"2014","unstructured":"Payne, V. L. et al. Patient-initiated second opinions: systematic review of characteristics and impact on diagnosis, treatment, and satisfaction. Mayo Clin Proc. 89(5), 687\u201396 (2014).","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"45906_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2021.673698","volume":"9","author":"Y Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Application of discrete choice experiment in health care: A bibliometric analysis. Front. Public Health 9, 673698 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"45906_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcomm.2025.1385422","volume":"10","author":"RM Reynolds","year":"2025","unstructured":"Reynolds, R. M., Popova, L., Yang, B., Louviere, J. & Thrasher, J. F. Discrete choice experiments: A primer for the communication researcher. Front. Commun. 10, 1385422 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.1697","volume":"21","author":"EW de Bekker-Grob","year":"2012","unstructured":"de Bekker-Grob, E. W., Ryan, M. & Gerard, K. Discrete choice experiments in health economics: A review of the literature. Health Econ. 21(2), 145\u201372 (2012).","journal-title":"Health Econ."},{"issue":"5","key":"45906_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2340","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.13487","volume":"25","author":"R Barnea","year":"2022","unstructured":"Barnea, R., Tur-Sinai, A., Levtzion-Korach, O., Weiss, Y. & Tal, O. Patient preferences and choices as a reflection of trust-A cluster analysis comparing postsurgical perceptions in a private and a public hospital. Health Expect. 25(5), 2340\u201354 (2022).","journal-title":"Health Expect."},{"key":"45906_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S353609","volume":"16","author":"EF Ejigu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ejigu, E. F., Haile, A. W. & Bayable, S. D. Assessment of the influence of physicians\u2019 attire on surgical patients\u2019 perception. Across-sectional study in Aabet Hospital, AddisAbeba, Ethiopia, 2021. Patient Prefer. Adherence 16, 605\u201314 (2022).","journal-title":"Patient Prefer. Adherence"},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2020.07.021","volume":"104","author":"KJ Peerdeman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Peerdeman, K. J., Hinnen, C., van Vliet, L. M. & Evers, A. W. M. Pre-consultation information about one\u2019s physician can affect trust and treatment outcome expectations. Patient Educ. Couns. 104(2), 427\u201331 (2021).","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"issue":"7","key":"45906_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2020.01.021","volume":"103","author":"HP Huynh","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huynh, H. P., Arthur, M., Gamboa, A. & Escamilla, E. Very humble\" vs. \u201cNot humble\u201d: What do ratings of fictitious physician profiles with humility descriptors reveal about potential patient preferences and behaviors?. Patient Educ. Couns. 103(7), 1399\u2013406 (2020).","journal-title":"Patient Educ. Couns."},{"key":"45906_CR23","unstructured":"Ryan, M., Kolstad, J. R., Rockers, P. C. & Dolea, C. How to conduct a discrete choice experiment for health workforce recruitment and retention in remote and rural areas: a user guide with case studies (The World Bank, 2012)."},{"issue":"4","key":"45906_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jval.2010.11.013","volume":"14","author":"JF Bridges","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bridges, J. F. et al. Conjoint analysis applications in health\u2013a checklist: A report of the ISPOR Good Research Practices for Conjoint Analysis Task Force. Value Health 14(4), 403\u201313 (2011).","journal-title":"Value Health"},{"key":"45906_CR25","unstructured":"Ryan, M., Gerard, K. & Currie, G. Using Discrete Choice Experiments In Health Economics. The Elgar Companion to Health Economics. Cheltenham, PA: Edward Elgar Publishing; (2012)."},{"issue":"7436","key":"45906_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7436.360","volume":"328","author":"M Ryan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ryan, M. Discrete choice experiments in health care. BMJ 328(7436), 360\u2013361 (2004).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"45906_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.4103\/2347-9019.144410","volume":"2","author":"A Jabbari","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jabbari, A., Kavosi, Z. & Gholami, M. Medical tourists\u2019 profile in Shiraz. International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management 2(4), 232. (2014).","journal-title":"International Journal of Health System and Disaster Management"},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR28","first-page":"88","volume":"2","author":"MK RahimiZarchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"RahimiZarchi, M. K., Shafaghat, T. & Hatam, N. Shiraz medical tourism industry: Development strategies. Manag. Strat. Health Syst. 2(2), 88\u201395 (2017).","journal-title":"Manag. Strat. Health Syst."},{"key":"45906_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.2165\/00019053-200826080-00004","volume":"26","author":"E Lancsar","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lancsar, E. & Louviere, J. Conducting discrete choice experiments to inform healthcare decision making: A user\u2019s guide. Pharmacoeconomics 26, 661\u2013677 (2008).","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"45906_CR30","unstructured":"Pearmain, D. & Kroes, E. P. Stated preference techniques: a guide to practice. (1990)."},{"key":"45906_CR31","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Getting the most from CBC","author":"R Johnson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Johnson, R. & Orme, B. Getting the most from CBC 1\u20137 (Sawtooth Software Research Paper Series, Sawtooth Software, 2003)."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/22586","volume":"6","author":"V Hoang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hoang, V. et al. Patient utilization of online information and its influence on orthopedic surgeon selection: Cross-sectional survey of patient beliefs and behaviors. JMIR Form. Res. 6(1), e22586 (2022).","journal-title":"JMIR Form. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"45906_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1080\/07359680903263565","volume":"26","author":"E Torres","year":"2009","unstructured":"Torres, E., Vasquez-Parraga, A. Z. & Barra, C. The path of patient loyalty and the role of doctor reputation. Health Mark. Q. 26(3), 183\u201397 (2009).","journal-title":"Health Mark. Q."},{"key":"45906_CR34","first-page":"103","volume":"22","author":"IIIMS Beall","year":"2002","unstructured":"Beall, I. I. I. M. S., Beall, J. M., Greenfield, M. L. V. & Biermann, J. S. Patient internet use in a community outpatient orthopaedic practice. Iowa Orthop. J. 22, 103 (2002).","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop. J."},{"issue":"9","key":"45906_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2011.03984.x","volume":"45","author":"HC Weng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weng, H. C. et al. Specialty differences in the association between health care climate and patient trust. Med. Educ. 45(9), 905\u201312 (2011).","journal-title":"Med. Educ."},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1353\/hpu.2004.0018","volume":"15","author":"DE Bonds","year":"2004","unstructured":"Bonds, D. E., Foley, K. L., Dugan, E., Hall, M. A. & Extrom, P. An exploration of patients\u2019 trust in physicians in training. J. Health Care Poor Underserved 15(2), 294\u2013306 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Health Care Poor Underserved"},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2013.10.020","volume":"187","author":"MN Dusch","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dusch, M. N., O\u2019Sullivan, P. S. & Ascher, N. L. Patient perceptions of female surgeons: How surgeon demeanor and type of surgery affect patient preference. J. Surg. Res. 187(1), 59\u201364 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Surg. Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"45906_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1177\/2192568218767385","volume":"8","author":"JM Haglin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Haglin, J. M. et al. Patient-rated trust of spine surgeons: Influencing factors. Glob. Spine J. 8(7), 728\u201332 (2018).","journal-title":"Glob. Spine J."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.16.1.34","volume":"16","author":"BH Gray","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gray, B. H. Trust and trustworthy care in the managed care era. Health Aff. 16(1), 34\u201349 (1997).","journal-title":"Health Aff."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR40","first-page":"103","volume":"3","author":"L Alrubaiee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alrubaiee, L. & Alkaa\u2019ida, F. The mediating effect of patient satisfaction in the patients\u2019 perceptions of healthcare quality-patient trust relationship. Int. J. Mark. Stud. 3 (1), 103 (2011).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mark. Stud."},{"key":"45906_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/JMDH.S286313","author":"A Aljaffary","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aljaffary, A., AlThumairi, A., Almarhoon, L. & Alsaawi, G. Measuring patient trust in public versus private physicians in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). J. Multidiscip. Healthc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/JMDH.S286313 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Multidiscip. Healthc."},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3171\/JNS\/2008\/108\/2\/0287","volume":"108","author":"E Knifed","year":"2008","unstructured":"Knifed, E., July, J. & Bernstein, M. Neurosurgery patients\u2019 feelings about the role of residents in their care: A qualitative case study. J. Neurosurg. 108(2), 287\u2013291 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(01)00936-X","volume":"193","author":"RA Cowles","year":"2001","unstructured":"Cowles, R. A. et al. Doctor-patient communication in surgery: Attitudes and expectations of general surgery patients about the involvement and education of surgical residents. J. Am. Coll. Surg. 193(1), 73\u201380 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Surg."},{"issue":"9","key":"45906_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1097\/CORR.0000000000000822","volume":"477","author":"JD Jennings","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jennings, J. D., Pinninti, A., Kakalecik, J., Ramsey, F. V. & Haydel, C. Orthopaedic physician attire influences patient perceptions in an urban inpatient setting. Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res. 477(9), 2048\u201358 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.main.2012.01.005","volume":"31","author":"ND Hamelin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hamelin, N. D., Nikolis, A., Armano, J., Harris, P. G. & Brutus, J. P. Evaluation of factors influencing confidence and trust in the patient-physician relationship: A survey of patient in a hand clinic. Chir. Main 31(2), 83\u201390 (2012).","journal-title":"Chir. Main"},{"issue":"3","key":"45906_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.1745","volume":"20","author":"MA Hillen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hillen, M. A., De Haes, H. C. & Smets, E. M. Cancer patients\u2019 trust in their physician\u2014a review. Psychooncology 20(3), 227\u201341 (2011).","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"issue":"8","key":"45906_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2325967117724415","volume":"5","author":"BT Manning","year":"2017","unstructured":"Manning, B. T. et al. Factors influencing patient selection of an orthopaedic sports medicine physician. Orthop. J. Sports Med. 5(8), 2325967117724415 (2017).","journal-title":"Orthop. J. Sports Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.00141","volume":"38","author":"KM Harris","year":"2003","unstructured":"Harris, K. M. How do patients choose physicians? Evidence from a national survey of enrollees in employment-related health plans. Health Serv. Res. 38(2), 711\u201332 (2003).","journal-title":"Health Serv. Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"45906_CR49","first-page":"150","volume":"8","author":"M Setoodefar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Setoodefar, M. et al. Measurement model of women\u2019s preferences in obstetrician and gynecologist selection in the private sector: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Int. J. Community Based Nurs. Midwifery 8(2), 150 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Community Based Nurs. Midwifery"},{"issue":"4","key":"45906_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1300\/J026v15n04_03","volume":"15","author":"LI Nowak","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nowak, L. I. & Washburn, J. H. Patient sources of information and decision factors in selecting cosmetic surgeons. Health Mark. Q. 15(4), 45\u201354 (1998).","journal-title":"Health Mark. Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"45906_CR51","first-page":"51","volume":"22","author":"A Al-Mandhary","year":"2007","unstructured":"Al-Mandhary, A., Al-Zakwani, I. & Afifi, M. Primary health care consumers\u2019 acceptance, trust and gender preferences towards Omani doctors. Oman Med. J. 22 (3), 51 (2007).","journal-title":"Oman Med. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"45906_CR52","first-page":"36","volume":"3","author":"P Ward","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ward, P. Trust and communication in a doctor-patient relationship: A literature review. Arch. Med. 3(3), 36 (2018).","journal-title":"Arch. Med."},{"issue":"4","key":"45906_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215824401246609","DOI":"10.1177\/2158244012466092","volume":"2","author":"T Guffey","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guffey, T. & Yang, P. Q. Trust in doctors: Are African Americans less likely to trust their doctors than white Americans?. Sage Open. 2(4), 2158244012466092 (2012).","journal-title":"Sage Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10925","volume":"49","author":"JK Freburger","year":"2003","unstructured":"Freburger, J. K., Callahan, L. F., Currey, S. S. & Anderson, L. A. Use of the trust in physician scale in patients with rheumatic disease: Psychometric properties and correlates of trust in the rheumatologist. Arthritis Care Res. 49(1), 51\u20138 (2003).","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"45906_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617. e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2018.09.007","volume":"44","author":"LY Lu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lu, L. Y., Sheikholeslami, N., Alokozai, A., Eppler, S. L. & Kamal, R. N. The role of patient research in patient trust in their physician. J. Hand Surg. 44(7), 617. e1-e9 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Hand Surg."},{"issue":"4","key":"45906_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2008.01064.x","volume":"15","author":"S Kayaniyil","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kayaniyil, S. et al. Degree and correlates of patient trust in their cardiologist. J. Eval. Clin. Pract. 15(4), 634\u201340 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Eval. Clin. Pract."},{"issue":"15","key":"45906_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.165.15.1749","volume":"165","author":"JD Piette","year":"2005","unstructured":"Piette, J. D., Heisler, M., Krein, S. & Kerr, E. A. The role of patient-physician trust in moderating medication nonadherence due to cost pressures. Arch. Intern. Med. 165(15), 1749\u201355 (2005).","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"45906_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8229.94006","volume":"19","author":"A Banerjee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Banerjee, A. & Sanyal, D. Dynamics of doctor\u2013patient relationship: A cross-sectional study on concordance, trust, and patient enablement. J. Fam. Community Med. 19(1), 12 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Fam. Community Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"45906_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.12.033","volume":"68","author":"Y-Y Lee","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lee, Y.-Y. & Lin, J. L. The effects of trust in physician on self-efficacy, adherence and diabetes outcomes. Soc. Sci. Med. 68(6), 1060\u20138 (2009).","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"issue":"19","key":"45906_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.19.1708","volume":"280","author":"AC Kao","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kao, A. C., Green, D. C., Zaslavsky, A. M., Koplan, J. P. & Cleary, P. D. The relationship between method of physician payment and patient trust. JAMA 280(19), 1708\u20131714 (1998).","journal-title":"JAMA"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45906-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45906-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45906-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T01:05:49Z","timestamp":1782867949000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-45906-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["45906"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-45906-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"The project was found to be in accordance to the ethical principles and the national norms and standards for conducting medical research. The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences under code IR.SUMS.NUMIMG.REC.1402.031. All participants were informed about the study\u2019s objectives and process, provided informed consent, and were assured of confidentiality.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}}],"article-number":"20044"}}