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The main objective is to enhance system reliability and reduce outage related indices by improving the operational performance of reclosers and cutout fuses. Protection settings and Time Current Characteristic (TCC) curves are configured to ensure fast fault detection and effective isolation of faulty sections enabling reclosers to sectionalize the network properly and prevent miscoordination among protection devices. One of the key contributions of the proposed method is the integration of a fuse saving strategy. By assigning priority to reclosers for fault clearing unnecessary fuse operations are avoided which in turn reduces permanent outages. In addition coordination between reclosers and cut out fuses is incorporated into the optimization model in the form of a penalty term within the objective function. This formulation ensures proper selectivity among protective devices and minimizes the network fault response time. To identify the optimal locations and settings of protective equipment a hybrid optimization approach based on graph theory and genetic algorithms has been developed. The proposed method simultaneously considers coordination constraints and fuse-saving requirements. Simulation studies carried out on the IEEE 33-bus test system indicate a considerable improvement in reliability indices. In the second scenario, with four cutout fuses and two reclosers installed, ENS is 50.41% and SAIFI and SAIDI are 46.60% improved compared with the base case. The results demonstrate that reclosers play a fundamental role in mitigating the adverse impacts of faults in distribution systems. Their coordinated operation with cutout fuses together with appropriate adjustment of protection characteristics, significantly enhances network reliability and improves service continuity. Moreover accurate tuning of protective device parameters optimizes fault clearing time and prevents unnecessary operations ultimately leading to improved overall protection system performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-46113-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T18:16:20Z","timestamp":1775758580000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Optimal placement and coordination of protective devices in distribution networks considering fuse saving by genetic algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hossein","family":"Ramezani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Ebrahim","family":"Hajiabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hossein","family":"Parsadust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"46113_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epsr.2024.111336","volume":"241","author":"TT Nguyen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nguyen, T. 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