{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T23:53:23Z","timestamp":1781481203586,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":74,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017950","name":"Shanghai Municipal Health Commission","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NO. 202540045"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NO. 202540045"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017950","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Public Health Research Project","award":["No. 2025GKM15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2025GKM15"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-47269-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T14:21:10Z","timestamp":1775139670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The mediating role of fasting plasma glucose and systolic blood pressure in the association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and carotid atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mingyue","family":"Qu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haixia","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"47269_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Libby, P. et al. Atherosclerosis. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers. 5, 56. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-019-0106-z (2019).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0106-z"},{"key":"47269_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.021","volume":"76","author":"GA Roth","year":"2020","unstructured":"Roth, G. A., Mensah, G. A. & Fuster, V. The global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risks: A compass for global action. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 76, 2980\u20132981. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.021 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"47269_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy339","volume":"39","author":"B Williams","year":"2018","unstructured":"Williams, B. et al. 2018 ESC\/ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur. Heart J. 39, 3021\u20133104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy339 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"47269_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Poredos, P. & Jezovnik, M. K. Preclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis as an Indicator of Polyvascular Disease: A Narrative Review (AME Publishing Company, 2021).","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-5570"},{"key":"47269_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e48230","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.48230","volume":"15","author":"R Pray","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pray, R. & Riskin, S. The history and faults of the body mass index and where to look next: A literature review. Cureus 15, e48230. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.48230 (2023).","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"47269_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/s2213-8587(19)30084-1","volume":"7","author":"IJ Neeland","year":"2019","unstructured":"Neeland, I. J. et al. Visceral and ectopic fat, atherosclerosis, and cardiometabolic disease: A position statement. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 7, 715\u2013725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s2213-8587(19)30084-1 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"47269_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CIR000000000000","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000973","volume":"143","author":"TM Powell-Wiley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Powell-Wiley, T. M. et al. Obesity and cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation 143, CIR0000000000000973 (2021).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"47269_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1825","volume":"33","author":"MC Amato","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amato, M. C. et al. Visceral adiposity index: A reliable indicator of visceral fat function associated with cardiometabolic risk. Diabetes Care. 33, 920\u2013922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc09-1825 (2010).","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"47269_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jakubiak, G. K. et al. The visceral adiposity index and its usefulness in the prediction of cardiometabolic disorders. Nutrients 17 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu17142374 (2025).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17142374"},{"key":"47269_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38214","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38214","volume":"6","author":"MF Xia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xia, M. F. et al. A indicator of visceral adipose dysfunction to evaluate metabolic health in adult Chinese. Sci. Rep. 6, 38214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep38214 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"47269_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-022-01670-x","volume":"21","author":"T Qiao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Qiao, T. et al. Association between abdominal obesity indices and risk of cardiovascular events in Chinese populations with type 2 diabetes: A prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 21, 225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-022-01670-x (2022).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Diabetol."},{"key":"47269_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284144","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1284144","volume":"15","author":"Y Ren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ren, Y. et al. Dose-response association between Chinese visceral adiposity index and cardiovascular disease: a national prospective cohort study. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 15, 1284144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1284144 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"47269_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70109","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.70109","volume":"41","author":"X Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, X. et al. Chinese visceral adiposity index outperforms traditional anthropometric indices in predicting cardiovascular disease risk: A prospective cohort study. Diab.\/Metab. Res. Rev. 41, e70109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dmrr.70109 (2025).","journal-title":"Diab.\/Metab. Res. Rev."},{"key":"47269_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e022633","DOI":"10.1161\/jaha.121.022633","volume":"11","author":"H Bi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bi, H. et al. Association of Chinese visceral adiposity index and its dynamic change with risk of carotid plaque in a large cohort in China. J. Am. Heart Association. 11, e022633. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.121.022633 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Association"},{"key":"47269_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2596","volume":"10","author":"C Hahn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hahn, C. & Schwartz, M. A. Mechanotransduction in vascular physiology and atherogenesis. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 10, 53\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrm2596 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"47269_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez, P., Lozano, P., Ros, G. & Solano, F. Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress: An integral, updated and critical overview of their metabolic interconnections. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms24119352 (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24119352"},{"key":"47269_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359255","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1359255","volume":"15","author":"DR Yang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yang, D. R., Wang, M. Y., Zhang, C. L. & Wang, Y. Endothelial dysfunction in vascular complications of diabetes: A comprehensive review of mechanisms and implications. Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne). 15, 1359255. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1359255 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)"},{"key":"47269_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-020-01417-0","volume":"20","author":"Y Imahori","year":"2020","unstructured":"Imahori, Y. et al. The association between anthropometric measures of adiposity and the progression of carotid atherosclerosis. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord. 20, 138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-020-01417-0 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc. Disord."},{"key":"47269_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang, D. et al. Association of obesity- and insulin resistance-related indices with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in type 1 diabetes: A cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc. Diabetol. 24 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-025-02736-2 (2025).","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02736-2"},{"key":"47269_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1080\/17470218.2015.1115884","volume":"69","author":"JR B\u00f6hnke","year":"2016","unstructured":"B\u00f6hnke, J. R. Explanation in causal inference: Methods for mediation and interaction. Q. J. Exp. Psychol. 69, 1243\u20131244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17470218.2015.1115884 (2016).","journal-title":"Q. J. Exp. Psychol."},{"key":"47269_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-025-04722-8","volume":"25","author":"X Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen, X. et al. Clinical significance of obesity measurement indicators and carotid artery plaques in type 2 diabetes. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord. 25, 347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-025-04722-8 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc. Disord"},{"key":"47269_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, X. et al. Association of Chinese visceral adiposity index and carotid atherosclerosis in steelworkers: A cross-sectional study. Nutrients. 15 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15041023 (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15041023"},{"key":"47269_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1241523","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1241523","volume":"11","author":"Z Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, Z. et al. Comparison of seven surrogate insulin resistance indexes for predicting the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in normal-weight individuals. Front. Public. Health. 11, 1241523. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1241523 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"47269_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1544","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-05536-w","volume":"12","author":"M Bakhtiyari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bakhtiyari, M. et al. Contribution of obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors in developing cardiovascular disease: a population-based cohort study. Sci. Rep. 12, 1544. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-05536-w (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"47269_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.07.015","volume":"14","author":"KE Bornfeldt","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bornfeldt, K. E. & Tabas, I. Insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and atherosclerosis. Cell. Metab. 14, 575\u2013585. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.07.015 (2011).","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"47269_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.2174\/1570161112666140423221008","volume":"12","author":"D Prieto","year":"2014","unstructured":"Prieto, D., Contreras, C. & S\u00e1nchez, A. Endothelial dysfunction, obesity and insulin resistance. Curr. Vasc. Pharmacol. 12, 412\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2174\/1570161112666140423221008 (2014).","journal-title":"Curr. Vasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"47269_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kwaifa, I. K., Bahari, H., Yong, Y. K. & Noor, S. M. Endothelial dysfunction in obesity-induced inflammation: molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. Biomolecules. 10 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biom10020291 (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10020291"},{"key":"47269_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.11.1939","volume":"49","author":"T Inoguchi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Inoguchi, T. et al. High glucose level and free fatty acid stimulate reactive oxygen species production through protein kinase C\u2013dependent activation of NAD(P)H oxidase in cultured vascular cells. Diabetes 49, 1939\u20131945. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diabetes.49.11.1939 (2000).","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"47269_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1172\/jci23354","volume":"116","author":"X Du","year":"2006","unstructured":"Du, X. et al. Insulin resistance reduces arterial prostacyclin synthase and eNOS activities by increasing endothelial fatty acid oxidation. J. Clin. Investig. 116, 1071\u20131080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1172\/jci23354 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"47269_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.3109\/10409238.2012.694843","volume":"47","author":"NS Kalupahana","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kalupahana, N. S. & Moustaid-Moussa, N. The adipose tissue renin-angiotensin system and metabolic disorders: a review of molecular mechanisms. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 47, 379\u2013390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10409238.2012.694843 (2012).","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"47269_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-019-0145-4","volume":"15","author":"JE Hall","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hall, J. E., Carmo, da Silva, J. M., Wang, A. A., Hall, M. E. & Z. & Obesity, kidney dysfunction and hypertension: mechanistic links. Nat. Rev. Nephrol. 15, 367\u2013385. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41581-019-0145-4 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Nephrol."},{"key":"47269_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.26502\/fccm.92920251","volume":"6","author":"FG Thankam","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thankam, F. G., Rai, T., Liu, J., Tam, J. & Agrawal, D. K. Minimally oxidized-ldl-driven alterations in the level of pathological mediators and biological processes in carotid atherosclerosis. Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Med. 6, 137\u2013156. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26502\/fccm.92920251 (2022).","journal-title":"Cardiol. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"47269_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C375","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00379.2020","volume":"320","author":"T Kawai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kawai, T., Autieri, M. V. & Scalia, R. Adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in obesity. Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol. 320, C375\u2013C391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00379.2020 (2021).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"47269_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65292","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.65292","volume":"16","author":"T Rajan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rajan, T., L, E. & M, G., K, S. & Association between calculated small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) and soft carotid plaques on CT angiogram of the head and neck. Cureus. 16, e65292. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.65292 (2024).","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"47269_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab309","volume":"61","author":"S Zhu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhu, S. et al. The gut microbiome in subclinical atherosclerosis: A population-based multiphenotype analysis. Rheumatol. (Oxford England). 61, 258\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rheumatology\/keab309 (2021).","journal-title":"Rheumatol. (Oxford England)"},{"key":"47269_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178829","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1178829","volume":"10","author":"A Mirzababaei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mirzababaei, A. et al. The mediatory effect of inflammatory markers on the association between a body shape index and body roundness index with cardiometabolic risk factor in overweight and obese women: A cross-sectional study. Front. Nutr. 10, 1178829. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnut.2023.1178829 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"47269_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.2147\/dmso.s539166","volume":"18","author":"Y Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun, Y., Bai, C., Yin, S. & Liu, J. Assessment of the association between cardiac metabolic markers and carotid atherosclerosis, and the role of insulin resistance. Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes. 18, 2899\u20132911. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/dmso.s539166 (2025).","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Obes."},{"key":"47269_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.03.010","volume":"29","author":"T Christen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Christen, T. et al. The role of inflammation in the association between overall and visceral adiposity and subclinical atherosclerosis. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 29, 728\u2013735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2019.03.010 (2019).","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"47269_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2008.0034","volume":"6","author":"LE Simental-Mend\u00eda","year":"2008","unstructured":"Simental-Mend\u00eda, L. E., Rodr\u00edguez-Mor\u00e1n, M. & Guerrero-Romero, F. The product of fasting glucose and triglycerides as surrogate for identifying insulin resistance in apparently healthy subjects. Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord. 6, 299\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/met.2008.0034 (2008).","journal-title":"Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord."},{"key":"47269_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-021-00198-1","volume":"20","author":"O Soehnlein","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soehnlein, O. & Libby, P. Targeting inflammation in atherosclerosis-from experimental insights to the clinic. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 20, 589\u2013610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41573-021-00198-1 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"47269_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Henein, M. Y., Vancheri, S., Longo, G. & Vancheri, F. The role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 23 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms232112906 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112906"},{"key":"47269_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8731","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-59474-w","volume":"14","author":"H Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, H., Wu, Y., Sun, M. & Cui, X. Enhancing diagnosis of benign lesions and lung cancer through ensemble text and breath analysis: a retrospective cohort study. Sci. Rep. 14, 8731. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-59474-w (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"47269_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2223","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(09)60746-7","volume":"373","author":"J Rehm","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rehm, J. et al. Global burden of disease and injury and economic cost attributable to alcohol use and alcohol-use disorders. Lancet 373, 2223\u20132233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(09)60746-7 (2009).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"47269_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Global burden of 87 risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet. 396, 1223\u20131249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30752-2 (2020).","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)30752-2"},{"key":"47269_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S20","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S002","volume":"47","author":"2","year":"2024","unstructured":"2. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes: Standards of care in diabetes-2024. Diabetes Care. 47, S20\u2013S42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc24-S002 (2024).","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"47269_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112138-20211027-00751","volume":"61","author":"[Clinical guidelines for prevention and treatment of","year":"2022","unstructured":"[Clinical guidelines for prevention and treatment of. type 2 diabetes mellitus in the elderly in China (2022 edition)]. Zhonghua nei ke za zhi. 61, 12\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn112138-20211027-00751 (2022).","journal-title":"Zhonghua nei ke za zhi"},{"key":"47269_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e108062","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0108062","volume":"9","author":"P Hu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hu, P. et al. Prognostic significance of systemic inflammation-based lymphocyte- monocyte ratio in patients with lung cancer: Based on a large cohort study. PLoS One. 9, e108062. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0108062 (2014).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"47269_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1159\/000343145","volume":"34","author":"PJ Touboul","year":"2012","unstructured":"Touboul, P. J. et al. Mannheim carotid intima-media thickness and plaque consensus (2004-2006-2011). An update on behalf of the advisory board of the 3rd, 4th and 5th watching the risk symposia, at the 13th, 15th and 20th European Stroke Conferences, Mannheim, Germany, 2004, Brussels, Belgium, 2006, and Hamburg, Germany, 2011. Cerebrovasc. Dis. 34, 290\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000343145 (2012).","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"47269_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf113","volume":"156","author":"DE Bild","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bild, D. E. et al. Multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis: Objectives and design. Am. J. Epidemiol. 156, 871\u2013881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwf113 (2002).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"47269_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2020.04.021","volume":"33","author":"AM Johri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johri, A. M. et al. Recommendations for the assessment of carotid arterial plaque by ultrasound for the characterization of atherosclerosis and evaluation of cardiovascular risk: From the American Society of Echocardiography. J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr. 33, 917\u2013933. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.echo.2020.04.021 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Echocardiogr."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-47269-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-47269-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-47269-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,14]],"date-time":"2026-06-14T23:37:40Z","timestamp":1781480260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-47269-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["47269"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-47269-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Shanghai Healthcare Medical Center (Approval No.: 2025-012). Informed consent was obtained from all study participants.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"All authors have given their consent for the publication of this manuscript.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"18458"}}