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V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    @ZnO was synthesized via co-precipitation. The fabricated ZnO and V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    @ZnO have been annealed at 900\u00a0\u00b0C. In vitro antibacterial experiments have been conducted for the prepared samples against negative and positive organisms. Additionally, this study discusses the impact of vanadium oxide insertion on the cytotoxicity of zinc oxide toward the human osteoblast cell line.\u00a0The value of cell viability for ZnO was around 78.72\u2009\u00b1\u20093.54 and improved to 89.64\u2009\u00b1\u20092.65% for V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    @ZnO nanocomposite approve the good biocompatibility of samples. The antibacterial activity of V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    @ZnO nanocomposite that has been fabricated via co-precipitation method and annealed at 900\u00a0\u00b0C has been enhanced. The inhibation zone against\n                    <jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    have been modified to 17.57\u2009\u00b1\u20090.67, 10.94\u2009\u00b1\u20090.35, 18.26\u2009\u00b1\u20090.91, 17.72\u2009\u00b1\u20090.98, respectively suggesting the application of the fabricated V\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>5<\/jats:sub>\n                    @ZnO in biological use such as wound healing.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-49830-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:04:53Z","timestamp":1777889093000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Synthesis of vanadium pentoxide doped zinc oxide nanocomposites via laser ablation and their antibacterial activity and cell viability"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"A. 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