{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:54:19Z","timestamp":1787003659878,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":60,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-51533-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T08:24:25Z","timestamp":1777883065000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Gastrointestinal malignancy in iron deficiency without anemia: a retrospective study from Jordan"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Haj Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awni","family":"Abu Sneineh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bashar","family":"Quteishat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghad","family":"Nabhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ala\u2019a","family":"Mohammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasha","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Alsokhon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Said","family":"Lahham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neebal","family":"Mosleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mera","family":"Jaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rand","family":"Khawaldeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safa","family":"Alhusaini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"51533_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3434","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16203434","volume":"16","author":"L Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, L. et al. Iron Deficiency: Global Trends and Projections from 1990 to 2050. Nutrients 16, 3434 (2024).","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"51533_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1136\/flgastro-2013-100386","volume":"5","author":"AC Silva","year":"2014","unstructured":"Silva, A. C. et al. Clinical risk factors for underlying gastrointestinal malignancy in iron deficiency anaemia: the IDIOM study. Frontline Gastroenterol. 5, 237\u2013242 (2014).","journal-title":"Frontline Gastroenterol."},{"key":"51533_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12495","volume":"18","author":"A de Garc\u00eda Garc\u00eda","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Garc\u00eda Garc\u00eda, A. et al. Do patients with iron deficiency without anemia benefit from an endoscopic examination? J. Dig. Dis. 18, 416\u2013424 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Dig. Dis."},{"key":"51533_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo-19-451","volume":"11","author":"T Majeed","year":"2020","unstructured":"Majeed, T., Solomon, J., Ali, R. S. & Chitsabesan, P. Non-anaemic iron deficiency should be investigated with the same priority as iron deficiency anaemia in fast track colorectal clinics-retrospective cohort study. J. Gastrointest. Oncol. 11, 609\u2013615 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Gastrointest. Oncol."},{"key":"51533_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01214-7","volume":"113","author":"GN Ioannou","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ioannou, G. N., Rockey, D. C., Bryson, C. L. & Weiss, N. S. Iron deficiency and gastrointestinal malignancy: a population-based cohort study. Am. J. Med. 113, 276\u2013280 (2002).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"51533_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2019.12.015","volume":"72","author":"L Alexandre","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alexandre, L., Manning, C. & Chan, S. S. M. Prevalence of gastrointestinal malignancy in iron deficiency without anaemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur. J. Intern. Med. 72, 27\u201333 (2020).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"51533_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.046","volume":"159","author":"CW Ko","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ko, C. W. et al. AGA Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia. Gastroenterology 159, 1085\u20131094 (2020).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"51533_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-325210","volume":"70","author":"J Snook","year":"2021","unstructured":"Snook, J. et al. British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines for the management of iron deficiency anaemia in adults. Gut 70, 2030\u20132051 (2021).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"51533_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.26719\/emhj.18.047","volume":"25","author":"N Abdo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdo, N. et al. The prevalence and determinants of anaemia in Jordan. East. Mediterr. Health J. 25, 341\u2013349 (2019).","journal-title":"East. Mediterr. Health J."},{"key":"51533_CR10","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer. GLOBOCAN 2020: Jordan. World Health Organization. https:\/\/gco.iarc.who.int\/today\/en\/dataviz\/pie?mode=cancer&types=1&sexes=1&populations=400 (Accessed December. 5th, 2025)."},{"key":"51533_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2017.9.19371","volume":"38","author":"HA Awad","year":"2017","unstructured":"Awad, H. A., Hajeer, M. H., Abulihya, M. W., Al-Chalabi, M. A. & Al Khader, A. A. Epidemiologic characteristics of gastric malignancies among Jordan University Hospital patients. Saudi Med. J. 38, 965\u2013967 (2017).","journal-title":"Saudi Med. J."},{"key":"51533_CR12","unstructured":"Guideline on haemoglobin cutoffs to define anaemia in individuals and populations. Geneva: World Health Organization. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Available at https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/376196\/9789240088542-eng.pdf?sequence=1.\u00a0 (2024).\u00a0Accessed December 5th, 2025."},{"key":"51533_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16215","volume":"38","author":"S Hodges","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hodges, S. et al. Prevalence of gastrointestinal malignancy in non-anemic iron deficiency and significance for endoscopic screening: A Western Australian multicenter cohort study. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 38, 1530\u20131534 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"51533_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2008.01785.x","volume":"39","author":"JS Park","year":"2009","unstructured":"Park, J. S. et al. Endoscopic evaluation of significant gastrointestinal lesions in patients with iron deficiency with and without anaemia: a Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Disease study. Intern. Med. J. 39, 441\u2013446 (2009).","journal-title":"Intern. Med. J."},{"key":"51533_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00908.x","volume":"102","author":"MS Sawhney","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sawhney, M. S. et al. Should patients with anemia and low normal or normal serum ferritin undergo colonoscopy? Am. J. Gastroenterol. 102, 82\u201388 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"51533_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1002\/cac2.70017","volume":"45","author":"M Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, M., Cao, S. & Xu, R. H. Global trends and epidemiological shifts in gastrointestinal cancers: insights from the past four decades. Cancer Commun (Lond). 45, 774\u2013788 (2025).","journal-title":"Cancer Commun (Lond)"},{"key":"51533_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.02.068","volume":"159","author":"M Arnold","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arnold, M. et al. Global Burden of 5 Major Types of Gastrointestinal Cancer. Gastroenterology 159, 335\u2013349 (2020).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"51533_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2500079","DOI":"10.1200\/GO-25-00079","volume":"11","author":"H Abdel-Razeq","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abdel-Razeq, H. et al. Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes of Colorectal Cancer in Jordan, a Resource-Restricted Country. JCO Glob Oncol. 11, e2500079 (2025).","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol."},{"key":"51533_CR19","first-page":"2993","volume":"11","author":"Y Khader","year":"2023","unstructured":"Khader, Y. et al. Strengthening Primary Healthcare in Jordan for Achieving Universal Health Coverage: A Need for Family Health Team Approach. Healthc. (Basel). 11, 2993 (2023).","journal-title":"Healthc. (Basel)"},{"key":"51533_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2127827","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.27827","volume":"4","author":"AJ Read","year":"2021","unstructured":"Read, A. J. et al. Testing Practices, Interpretation, and Diagnostic Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia by US Primary Care Physicians. JAMA Netw. Open. 4, e2127827 (2021).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"key":"51533_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2003.015677","volume":"80","author":"JM Yates","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yates, J. M., Logan, E. C. & Stewart, R. M. Iron deficiency anaemia in general practice: clinical outcomes over three years and factors influencing diagnostic investigations. Postgrad. Med. J. 80, 405\u2013410 (2004).","journal-title":"Postgrad. Med. J."},{"key":"51533_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S240205","volume":"13","author":"AF Khdair","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khdair, A. F. et al. Helicobacter pylori Prevalence and Impact: A Histology-Based Report About Children from an Endemic Country. Int. J. Gen. Med. 13, 207\u2013214 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"key":"51533_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1443-9573.2006.00245.x","volume":"7","author":"KE Bani-Hani","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bani-Hani, K. E., Shatnawi, N. J., El Qaderi, S., Khader, Y. S. & Bani-Hani, B. K. Prevalence and risk factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in healthy schoolchildren. Chin. J. Dig. Dis. 7, 55\u201360 (2006).","journal-title":"Chin. J. Dig. Dis."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-51533-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-51533-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-51533-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:41:07Z","timestamp":1783039267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-51533-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["51533"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-51533-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20497"}}