{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:54:19Z","timestamp":1787003659825,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004503","name":"Benha University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major public health concern and a leading cause of cervical cancer worldwide. Despite the availability of effective vaccines, awareness and vaccine acceptance remain limited in many developing countries. This study aimed to assess awareness, acceptance, barriers, and determinants of HPV vaccination among medical students in Egypt. A web-based multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted among undergraduate medical students from governmental, national, and private medical faculties across Egypt using a non-probability sampling approach (convenience and snowball sampling). Data were collected using a validated structured questionnaire. A total of 601 students participated in the study. 31.4% were unaware that HPV is available for both males and females, and half of them expressed negative attitudes and concerns regarding the novelty (44%), safety (56%), efficacy (59%), and cost of the vaccine (51.7%). Nearly half (48.3%) of them were unaware that the \u201cHPV vaccine\u201d is available in Egypt. Seventy-three students (12.1%) received the vaccine, and among vaccinated participants, 39 were males. In addition, 44.3% of students reported hesitancy toward HPV vaccination, while 58.9% indicated willingness to receive the vaccine if it was provided free of charge. Family history of cervical cancer, total knowledge, and attitude scores were significant predictors of participants\u2019 HPV vaccine uptake (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Nearly half of the participants had not taken the vaccine because they were not sexually active or they lacked knowledge. Unfortunately, about one-third of the participants didn\u2019t take the vaccine because of cultural and parental objections. Male participants were less likely to recommend the vaccine to others. In spite of being medical students, their knowledge and attitudes were less than expected, giving an idea about the public situation. Findings underscore the importance of educational campaigns to raise knowledge and change faulty beliefs, focusing on the target groups and their parents. Also, the national health authorities should allocate resources to make the HPV vaccine available, accessible, and affordable.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-51547-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T12:55:15Z","timestamp":1781528115000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Human papillomavirus vaccination: knowledge, acceptance, and barriers among medical students. An Egyptian multicenter cross sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0540-3522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Doaa I.","family":"Omar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3885-6325","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salman","family":"Althobaiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5127-3429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nashwa","family":"Nabil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0279-3115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shimaa G.","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5750-7556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basma M.","family":"Hani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"51547_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus and cancer. Published 2024. Accessed November 30 https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/human-papilloma-virus-and-cancer . (2024)."},{"issue":"3","key":"51547_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","volume":"71","author":"F Bray","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bray, F. et al. Global cancer statistics: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J. Clin. 71 (3), 209\u2013249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3322\/caac.21660 (2021).","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"51547_CR3","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Cervical cancer. Published 2024. Accessed December 1. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/cervical-cancer (2024)."},{"key":"51547_CR4","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Accessed November 20, 2024. https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/336583\/9789240014107-eng.pdf (2020)."},{"issue":"1","key":"51547_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.4274\/jtgga.galenos.2022.2022-6-6","volume":"24","author":"S Hakimi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hakimi, S., Lami, F., Allahqoli, L. & Alkatout, I. Barriers to the HPV vaccination program in the Eastern Mediterranean region: a narrative review. J. Turk. Ger. Gynecol. Assoc. 24 (1), 48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4274\/jtgga.galenos.2022.2022-6-6 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Turk. Ger. Gynecol. Assoc."},{"key":"51547_CR6","unstructured":"ICO\/IARC Information Centre on HPV and Cancer & Egypt Human papillomavirus and related cancers, fact sheet 2023. Accessed November 30, https:\/\/hpvcentre.net\/statistics\/reports\/EGY_FS.pdf (2024)."},{"key":"51547_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dapari, R. et al. Factors influencing HPV vaccine acceptance among females in mainland China: a systematic review. Clin. Epidemiol. Glob Health. 101514 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cegh.2024.101514 (2024).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2024.101514"},{"key":"51547_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2023.03.007","volume":"71","author":"H Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie, H., Zhu, H. Y., Jiang, N. J. & Yin, Y. N. Awareness of HPV and HPV vaccines and factors influencing parents\u2019 acceptance among adolescents aged 9 to 18 years in China: a cross-sectional study. J. Pediatr. Nurs. 71, 73\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedn.2023.03.007 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Nurs."},{"key":"51547_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Rakab, M. S. et al. Cultural and religious influences on parental knowledge of HPV infection and female vaccination in Egypt: a national cross-sectional study. BMC Public. 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Informed consent was obtained electronically from all participants after explaining the objectives of the study, their voluntary participation, and their right to withdraw at any time without any consequences. Participation in the survey was completely anonymous, and no personally identifiable information was collected. All collected data were treated with strict confidentiality and were used solely for research purposes.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants following clarification of the study\u2019s objectives, voluntary participation, and data confidentiality.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}],"article-number":"18528"}}