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Although we have previously shown that IL-23 receptor signaling is essential for IFN\u03b3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    ILC3s to clear intrOv, the cellular source of IL-23 remains unknown. In the current study, we found that intrOv induces IL-23 in the large intestine, which correlates with intrOv inhibition. Mice deficient in IL-23p19 fail to inhibit intrOv, demonstrating the necessity for IL-23 to promote the inhibition of intrOv. To identify the responsible IL-23 producers, transgenic mice expressing CD11c promoter-driven diphtherial toxin receptor are used to deplete dendritic cells. We found that depletion of CD11c-expressing cells significantly reduces IL-23 and IFN\u03b3, allowing intrOv to grow, while wild-type CD11c-expressing cells are sufficient to rescue IL-23p19-deficient mice to inhibit intrOv in the large intestine. Thus, we have demonstrated that CD11c-expressing cells inhibit the live-attenuated chlamydia oral vaccine intrOv via an IL-23-dependent mechanism, providing novel information to improve the safety and efficacy of intrOv and to reveal the intricate interactions of an obligate intracellular bacterium with host mucosal tissues.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-51625-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:43:10Z","timestamp":1778305390000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inhibition of a live-attenuated chlamydia oral vaccine in the large intestine is dependent on CD11c-expressing cells that produce IL-23"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ying","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Mohamed","family":"Abdelsalam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariah","family":"Rodroguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huizhou","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangming","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"51625_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fan, H. & Zhong, G. 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