{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T08:31:09Z","timestamp":1785918669321,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":62,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007073","name":"University of Mohaghegh Ardabili","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1402\/D\/13\/16031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1402\/D\/13\/16031"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007073","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-52237-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T15:35:39Z","timestamp":1778686539000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Efficient CO-free carbonylation of aryl halides catalyzed by SBA-15-supported Pd-1,10-phenanthroline"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Maryam","family":"Fathinejad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0562-3704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yagoub","family":"Mansoori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5916-6565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Somayeh","family":"Fekri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6171-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuksel","family":"Akinay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tayfun","family":"\u00c7etin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"52237_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11272","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.202003395","volume":"5","author":"N Hussain","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hussain, N., Chhalodia, A. K., Ahmed, A. & Mukherjee, D. Recent advances in metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions by using formic acid as CO surrogate. ChemistrySelect 5, 11272\u201311290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/slct.202003395 (2020).","journal-title":"ChemistrySelect"},{"key":"52237_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chempr.2025.102503","volume":"11","author":"CS Kuai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kuai, C. S., Yuan, Y. & Wu, X. F. Emerging trends in CO carbonylation. Chemistry 11, 102503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chempr.2025.102503 (2025).","journal-title":"Chemistry"},{"key":"52237_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5580","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.200301736","volume":"43","author":"T Morimoto","year":"2004","unstructured":"Morimoto, T. & Kakiuchi, K. Evolution of carbonylation catalysis: No need for carbon monoxide. Angew Chem. Int. Ed. 43, 5580\u20135588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/anie.200301736 (2004).","journal-title":"Angew Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"52237_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7082","DOI":"10.1039\/D5GC01579K","volume":"27","author":"W Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, W., Xie, S. & Shi, R. Developments in CO surrogates for base-metal-catalyzed carbonylation. Green. Chem. 27, 7082\u20137095. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D5GC01579K (2025).","journal-title":"Green. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202202880","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202202880","volume":"29","author":"X Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, X., An, T., Yin, Z. & Zhang, W. Palladium-catalyzed reductive double carbonylation of nitroarenes with aryl halides using Mo(CO)6 as a reductant and carbonyl source. Chem. Eur. J. 29, e202202880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.202202880 (2023).","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"52237_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4663","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CY00691K","volume":"5","author":"P Gautam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gautam, P. & Bhanage, B. M. Recent advances in the transition metal catalyzed carbonylation of alkynes, arenes and aryl halides using CO surrogates. Catal. Sci. Technol. 5, 4663\u20134702. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C5CY00691K (2015).","journal-title":"Catal. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"52237_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Giovanelli, R., Bertuzzi, G. & Bandini, M. Metal-catalyzed carbonylation reactions with CO2: An update. ChemCatChem 15, e202300827 (2023). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cctc.202300827","DOI":"10.1002\/cctc.202300827"},{"key":"52237_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2024.115672","volume":"438","author":"N Rashika","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rashika, N., Yadav, D., & Sushmita. Advancements in palladium-catalyzed formic acid dehydrogenation: Greening carbon monoxide synthesis in synthetic organic chemistry. J. Catal. 438, 115672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcat.2024.115672 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"52237_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1039\/D4OB01639D","volume":"23","author":"K Rao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Rao, K., Sharma, A., Rathod, G. K., Barahdia, A. S. & Jain, R. Aminocarbonylation using CO surrogates. Org. Biomol. Chem. 23, 980\u2013991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D4OB01639D (2025).","journal-title":"Org. Biomol. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcat.2024.115437","volume":"432","author":"FG Delolo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Delolo, F. G., Moreira, T. P., de Dias, O., dos Santos, A., Gusevskaya, E. V. & E. N. & Replacing syngas by formic acid and acetic anhydride with advantages: tandem carbonylation of renewable terpenes and propenylbenzenes. J. Catal. 432, 115437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcat.2024.115437 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Catal."},{"key":"52237_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1039\/D4SU00591K","volume":"3","author":"L Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, L. et al. Synthesis of N-formamides via oxidative carbonylation of amines with paraformaldehyde over a CoNC catalyst. RSC Sustain. 3, 395\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D4SU00591K (2025).","journal-title":"RSC Sustain."},{"key":"52237_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5677","DOI":"10.1002\/adsc.201901005","volume":"361","author":"X Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan, X., Shi, M. & Wei, Y. Palladium-catalyzed cascade reductive and carbonylative cyclization of ortho-iodo-tethered methylenecyclopropanes (MCPs) using N-formylsaccharin as CO source. Adv. Synth. Catal. 361, 5677\u20135683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adsc.201901005 (2019).","journal-title":"Adv. Synth. Catal."},{"key":"52237_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.orglett.5c03216","author":"P Sharma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sharma, P., Mehara, P., Kumar, A. & Das, P. Pd\/C-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation and carbonylative esterification of indoles to indole-3-carboxylic acids and esters. Org. Lett. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.orglett.5c03216 (2025).","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"52237_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5217","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.8b01123","volume":"140","author":"R Sang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sang, R. et al. Palladium-catalyzed selective generation of CO from formic acid for carbonylation of alkenes. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 140, 5217\u20135223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jacs.8b01123 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"52237_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1070\/RC1974v043n05ABEH001812","volume":"43","author":"IS Kolomnikov","year":"1974","unstructured":"Kolomnikov, I. S., Kukolev, V. P. & Mark, E. V. P. Hydrogen transfer from organic compounds catalysed by transition metal complexes. Russ Chem. Rev. 43, 399\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1070\/RC1974v043n05ABEH001812 (1974).","journal-title":"Russ Chem. Rev."},{"key":"52237_CR16","unstructured":"Mori, M. 2313\u20132332 (2002)."},{"key":"52237_CR17","unstructured":"Farina, V. & Eriksson, M. 2351\u20132375 (2002)."},{"key":"52237_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1246\/bcsj.67.2329","volume":"67","author":"T Okano","year":"1994","unstructured":"Okano, T., Harada, N. & Kiji, J. Formylation of aryl halides with carbon monoxide and sodium formate in the presence of palladium catalyst. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 67, 2329\u20132332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1246\/bcsj.67.2329 (1994).","journal-title":"Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn"},{"key":"52237_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9710","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.7b01808","volume":"82","author":"FP Wu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wu, F. P., Peng, J. B., Qi, X. & Wu, X. F. Palladium-catalyzed carbonylative transformation of organic halides with formic acid as the coupling partner and co source: Synthesis of carboxylic acids. J. Org. Chem. 82, 9710\u20139714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.joc.7b01808 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e202302825","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202302825","volume":"30","author":"A Neyyathala","year":"2024","unstructured":"Neyyathala, A., Flecken, F., Rang, F., Papke, C. & Hanf, S. Support engineering for the stabilisation of heterogeneous Pd3P-based catalysts for heck coupling reactions. Chem. Eur. J. 30, e202302825. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.202302825 (2024).","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"52237_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NJ02742G","volume":"42","author":"H Golchin Hosseini","year":"2018","unstructured":"Golchin Hosseini, H. & Rostamnia, S. Post-synthetically modified SBA-15 with NH2-coordinately immobilized iron-oxine: SBA-15\/NH2-FeQ3 as a Fenton-like hybrid catalyst for the selective oxidation of organic sulfides. New. J. Chem. 42, 619\u2013627. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C7NJ02742G (2018).","journal-title":"New. J. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2017.07.006","volume":"548","author":"HG Hosseini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hosseini, H. G. et al. Combining ethylenediamine and ionic liquid functionalities within SBA-15: A promising catalytic pair for tandem Cu\u2013AAC reaction. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 548, 96\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcata.2017.07.006 (2017).","journal-title":"Appl. Catal. A: Gen."},{"key":"52237_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4994","DOI":"10.1002\/aoc.4994","volume":"33","author":"V Sadhasivam","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sadhasivam, V., Balasaravanan, R. & Siva, A. PdO nanoparticles supported on triazole functionalized porous triazine polymer as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for carbonylation of aryl halides. Appl. Organomet. Chem. 33, e4994. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aoc.4994 (2019).","journal-title":"Appl. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1962","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1706621","volume":"53","author":"S You","year":"2021","unstructured":"You, S., Zhang, R., Cai, M. A. & Magnetically Recyclable Palladium-Catalyzed Formylation of Aryl Iodides with Formic Acid as CO Source: A Practical Access to Aromatic Aldehydes. Synthesis 53, 1962\u20131970 (2021).","journal-title":"Synthesis"},{"key":"52237_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.1002\/asia.202100540","volume":"16","author":"T Xu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xu, T. et al. Supported palladium-catalyzed carbonylative synthesis of diaryl ketones from aryl bromides and arylboronic acids. Chem. Asian J. 16, 2027\u20132030. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/asia.202100540 (2021).","journal-title":"Chem. Asian J."},{"key":"52237_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26937","DOI":"10.1039\/D1RA05177F","volume":"11","author":"CO Oseghale","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oseghale, C. O. et al. Alkali-modified heterogeneous Pd-catalyzed synthesis of acids, amides and esters from aryl halides using formic acid as the CO precursor. RSC Adv. 11, 26937\u201326948. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D1RA05177F (2021).","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"52237_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2024.123193","volume":"1014","author":"S Fekri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fekri, S. & Mansoori, Y. Supported Bis-(NHC)-Pd(II) complex: A phosphine-free catalyst supported on magnetic mesoporous silica for the CO-free carbonylation of aryl halides. J. Organomet. Chem. 1014, 123193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2024.123193 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR28","first-page":"777","volume":"52","author":"M Neykov","year":"2017","unstructured":"Neykov, M., Kaloyanov, N., Mihailova, B. & Goshev, I. Antioxidant capacity of 1,10-phenanthroline, 5-amino-1,10-phenanthroline and their Pd-complexes. J. Chem. Technol. Metall. 52, 777\u2013780 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Technol. Metall."},{"key":"52237_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.organomet.4c00097","volume":"43","author":"K Muto","year":"2024","unstructured":"Muto, K., Hatanaka, M., Kakiuchi, F. & Kochi, T. Theoretical studies on relative stability of cationic 1,10-phenanthroline palladium complexes bearing alkyl groups by using designed alkane templates. Organometallics 43, 1528\u20131535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.organomet.4c00097 (2024).","journal-title":"Organometallics"},{"key":"52237_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112749","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2024.112749","volume":"262","author":"F Binacchi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Binacchi, F. et al. Pd(II)\/1,10-phenanthroline complexes bearing arene ligands: On the role of N- vs O-coordination to tune their cellular activity and binding ability towards DNA and RNA. J. Inorg. Biochem. 262, 112749. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2024.112749 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Biochem."},{"key":"52237_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2024.139757","volume":"1321","author":"JG de Oliveira Neto","year":"2025","unstructured":"de Oliveira Neto, J. G. et al. Antitumor neodymium(III) complex with 1,10-phenanthroline and nitrate ligands: A comprehensive experimental-theoretical study, in silico pharmacokinetic and cytotoxic properties. J. Mol. Struct. 1321, 139757. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molstruc.2024.139757 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Struct."},{"key":"52237_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6024","DOI":"10.1021\/ja974025i","volume":"120","author":"D Zhao","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zhao, D., Huo, Q., Feng, J., Chmelka, B. F. & Stucky, G. D. Nonionic triblock and star diblock copolymer and oligomeric surfactant syntheses of highly ordered, hydrothermally stable, mesoporous silica structures. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 6024\u20136036. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja974025i (1998).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"52237_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armarego, W. L. F. Purification of Laboratory Chemicals (Butterworth-Heinemann, 2012).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-382161-4.00004-2"},{"key":"52237_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.2810","volume":"59","author":"D Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu, D., Yu, H., Wang, Z. & Nie, Q. Synthesis and fluorescence properties of novel 1,10-phenanthroline-functionalized polyaryletherketone and its rare earth complexes. Polym. Int. 59, 937\u2013944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pi.2810 (2010).","journal-title":"Polym. Int."},{"key":"52237_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1007\/s11164-021-04506-7","volume":"47","author":"SM Ebrahimi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ebrahimi, S. M. et al. Sonosynthesis of spiroindolines using functionalized SBA-15. Res. Chem. Intermed. 47, 3963\u20133978. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11164-021-04506-7 (2021).","journal-title":"Res. Chem. Intermed"},{"key":"52237_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1080\/00304948.2020.1779566","volume":"52","author":"A Shabanloo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shabanloo, A., Ramin, G. V. & Alavinia, S. One-pot synthesis of pyranoquinoline derivatives using a new nanomagnetic catalyst supported on functionalized 4-aminopyridine (AP) silica. Org. Prep Proced. Int. 52, 402\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/00304948.2020.1779566 (2020).","journal-title":"Org. Prep Proced. Int."},{"key":"52237_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122724","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2023.122724","volume":"993","author":"S Fekri","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fekri, S., Mansoori, Y. & Bezaatpour, A. Bis(NHC)-Pd(II) and Pd(0) complexes supported on magnetic SBA-15 for the selective aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohols to benzaldehydes and reduction of nitroarenes. J. Organomet. Chem. 993, 122724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jorganchem.2023.122724 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5350.548","volume":"279","author":"D Zhao","year":"1998","unstructured":"Zhao, D. et al. D. Triblock copolymer syntheses of mesoporous silica with periodic 50 to 300 angstrom pores. Science 279, 548\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.279.5350.548 (1998).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"52237_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1039\/C9SE00015A","volume":"3","author":"Z Babaei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Babaei, Z., Chermahini, A. N., Dinari, M., Saraji, M. & Shahvar, A. A sulfonated triazine-based covalent organic polymer supported on a mesoporous material: a new and robust material for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. Sustain. Energ. Fuels. 3, 1024\u20131032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C9SE00015A (2019).","journal-title":"Sustain. Energ. Fuels"},{"key":"52237_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1021\/jo030302u","volume":"69","author":"C Baleiz\u00e3o","year":"2004","unstructured":"Baleiz\u00e3o, C., Corma, A., Garc\u00eda, H. & Leyva, A. Oxime carbapalladacycle covalently anchored to high surface area inorganic supports or polymers as heterogeneous green catalysts for the Suzuki reaction in water. J. Org. Chem. 69, 439\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jo030302u (2004).","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6823","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.201900512","volume":"25","author":"J Amaro-Gahete","year":"2019","unstructured":"Amaro-Gahete, J. et al. Luminescent graphene-based materials via Europium complexation on dipyridylpyridazine-functionalized graphene sheets. Chem. Eur. J. 25, 6823\u20136830. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/chem.201900512 (2019).","journal-title":"Chem. Eur. J."},{"key":"52237_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"016","DOI":"10.21926\/cr.2202016","volume":"02","author":"J Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yu, J. et al. 3D Fe3O4-decorated nitrogen-doped graphene aerogel as a highly durable electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reactions. Catal. Res. 02, 016. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21926\/cr.2202016 (2022).","journal-title":"Catal. Res."},{"key":"52237_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-3057(95)00027-5","volume":"31","author":"JP Mathew","year":"1995","unstructured":"Mathew, J. P. & Srinivasan, M. Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on some palladium catalysts. Eur. Polym. J. 31, 835\u2013839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0014-3057(95)00027-5 (1995).","journal-title":"Eur. Polym. J."},{"key":"52237_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3174","DOI":"10.1002\/ejic.201001332","volume":"2011","author":"KK Sharma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sharma, K. K., Biradar, A. V., Das, S. & Asefa, T. Bifunctional mesoporous silica catalyst for C\u2013C bond forming tandem reactions. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2011, 3174\u20133182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ejic.201001332 (2011).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Inorg. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.04.066","volume":"551","author":"M Niakan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Niakan, M., Asadi, Z. & Masteri-Farahani, M. A covalently anchored Pd(II)-Schiff base complex over a modified surface of mesoporous silica SBA-16: An efficient and reusable catalyst for the Heck-Mizoroki coupling reaction in water. Colloids Surf. A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 551, 117\u2013127. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.04.066 (2018).","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"52237_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1351\/pac198557040603","volume":"57","author":"KSW Sing","year":"1985","unstructured":"Sing, K. S. W. Reporting physisorption data for gas\/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984). Pure Appl. Chem. 57, 603\u2013619 (1985).","journal-title":"Pure Appl. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7130","DOI":"10.1021\/jp800363s","volume":"112","author":"S Huang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huang, S. et al. Synthesis and characterization of magnetic FexOy@SBA-15 composites with different morphologies for controlled drug release and targeting. J. Phys. Chem. C. 112, 7130\u20137137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jp800363s (2008).","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem. C"},{"key":"52237_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1591892","volume":"29","author":"F Du","year":"2018","unstructured":"Du, F. et al. Dimerization of aromatic compounds using palladium-carbon-catalyzed Suzuki\u2013Miyaura cross-coupling by one-pot synthesis. Synlett 29, 779\u2013784. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0036-1591892 (2018).","journal-title":"Synlett"},{"key":"52237_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4605","DOI":"10.1039\/C6GC01272H","volume":"18","author":"X Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, X., Wang, C., Liu, Y. & Xiao, J. Acceptorless dehydrogenation and aerobic oxidation of alcohols with a reusable binuclear rhodium(II) catalyst in water. Green. Chem. 18, 4605\u20134610. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C6GC01272H (2016).","journal-title":"Green. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19331","DOI":"10.1039\/C5RA26020E","volume":"6","author":"M Rajabzadeh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rajabzadeh, M., Eshghi, H., Khalifeh, R. & Bakavoli, M. Generation of Cu nanoparticles on novel designed Fe3O4@SiO2\/EP.EN.EG as reusable nanocatalyst for the reduction of nitro compounds. RSC Adv. 6, 19331\u201319340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/C5RA26020E (2016).","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"52237_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8092","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.8b00903","volume":"83","author":"K Fang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Fang, K., Li, G. & She, Y. Metal-free aerobic oxidation of nitro-substituted alkylarenes to carboxylic acids or benzyl alcohols promoted by NaOH. J. Org. Chem. 83, 8092\u20138103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.joc.8b00903 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4254","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.joc.1c00034","volume":"86","author":"D Sang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sang, D., Yue, H., Fu, Y. & Tian, J. Cleavage of carboxylic esters by aluminum and iodine. J. Org. Chem. 86, 4254\u20134261. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.joc.1c00034 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Org. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.poly.2015.11.051","volume":"105","author":"A Naghipour","year":"2016","unstructured":"Naghipour, A., Ghorbani-Choghamarani, A., Heidarizadi, F. & Notash, B. Synthesis, characterization and structural study of a phosphonium salt containing the [Pd2Br6]2\u2013 ion and its application as a novel, efficient and renewable heterogeneous catalyst for amination of aryl halides and the Stille cross-coupling reaction. Polyhedron 105, 18\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.poly.2015.11.051 (2016).","journal-title":"Polyhedron"},{"key":"52237_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4357","DOI":"10.1039\/D0GC00383B","volume":"22","author":"X Zhu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhu, X., Liu, Y., Liu, C., Yang, H. & Fu, H. Light and oxygen-enabled sodium trifluoromethanesulfinate-mediated selective oxidation of C\u2013H bonds. Green. Chem. 22, 4357\u20134363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D0GC00383B (2020).","journal-title":"Green. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4575","DOI":"10.1021\/ol702081g","volume":"9","author":"J McNulty","year":"2007","unstructured":"McNulty, J., Nair, J. J. & Robertson, A. Efficient carbonylation reactions in phosphonium salt ionic liquids: anionic effects. Org. Lett. 9, 4575\u20134578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ol702081g (2007).","journal-title":"Org. Lett."},{"key":"52237_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-328X(01)01401-2","volume":"645","author":"V Cal\u00f2","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cal\u00f2, V., Giannoccaro, P., Nacci, A. & Monopoli, A. Pd\u2013benzothiazole carbene catalysed carbonylation of aryl halides in ionic liquids. J. Organomet. Chem. 645, 152\u2013157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-328X(01)01401-2 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Organomet. Chem."},{"key":"52237_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1611769","volume":"30","author":"T Osako","year":"2019","unstructured":"Osako, T., Kaiser, R., Torii, K. & Uozumi, Y. Aqueous flow hydroxycarbonylation of aryl halides catalyzed by an amphiphilic polymer-supported palladium\u2013diphenylphosphine catalyst. Synlett 30, 961\u2013966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0037-1611769 (2019).","journal-title":"Synlett"},{"key":"52237_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li, C. L., Qi, X. & Wu, X. F. Palladium-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of aryl halides with the in-situ generation of CO and H2O. ChemistrySelect 1, 1702\u20131704 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/slct.201600514","DOI":"10.1002\/slct.201600514"},{"key":"52237_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4269","DOI":"10.1021\/ol0354371","volume":"5","author":"S Cacchi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cacchi, S., Fabrizi, G. & Goggiamani, A. Palladium-catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of aryl and vinyl halides or triflates by acetic anhydride and formate anions. Org. Lett. 5, 4269\u20134272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ol0354371 (2003).","journal-title":"Org. Lett."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52237-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52237-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52237-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T12:02:09Z","timestamp":1784030529000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52237-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["52237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-52237-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"During the preparation of this work, the author(s) used DeepSeek in order to improve readability and language. After using this tool or service, the author(s) reviewed and edited the content as needed and take(s) full responsibility for the content of the publication.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declaration of generative AI and AI-assisted technologies in the writing process"}}],"article-number":"21966"}}