{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T15:05:11Z","timestamp":1786460711598,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":72,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Yonsei University Research Grant of 2023","award":["2023-22-0356"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-22-0356"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-52545-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T07:44:27Z","timestamp":1780299867000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of slit-regulated 3D embroidered sensor structures on contact area-variation-based strain sensing performance in smart gloves"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Moonjung","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Whan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sumin Helen","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joo Hyeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"52545_CR1","first-page":"57","volume":"37","author":"K Mach\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mach\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, K., Vyskotov\u00e1, J., Opavsk\u00fd, J. & Sochorov\u00e1, H. The impairments of sensorimotor hand functions in stroke patients \u2013 the comparison of the results of a clinical assessment and the assessment utilizing standard tests (a case study). Acta Univ. Palacki Olomuc. 37, 57\u201367 (2007).","journal-title":"Acta Univ. Palacki Olomuc"},{"key":"52545_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10020190","volume":"10","author":"S Anwer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Anwer, S. et al. Rehabilitation of upper limb motor impairment in stroke: a narrative review on the prevalence, risk factors, and economic statistics of stroke and state of the art therapies. Healthcare 10, 190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/healthcare10020190 (2022).","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"52545_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5625","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.220939","volume":"589","author":"NS Ward","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ward, N. S. Assessment of cortical reorganisation for hand function after stroke. J. Physiol. 589, 5625\u20135632. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.220939 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"52545_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2014.00048","volume":"5","author":"C Arnould","year":"2014","unstructured":"Arnould, C., Bleyenheuft, Y. & Thonnard, J. L. Hand functioning in children with cerebral palsy. Front. Neurol. 5, 48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fneur.2014.00048 (2014).","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"52545_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162203000173","volume":"45","author":"E Fedrizzi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fedrizzi, E., Pagliano, E., Andreucci, E. & Oleari, G. Hand function in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: prospective follow-up and functional outcome in adolescence. Dev. Med. Child. Neurol. 45, 85\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0012162203000173 (2003).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child. Neurol."},{"key":"52545_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001923","volume":"101","author":"IS Wong-Yu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wong-Yu, I. S., Ren, L. & Mak, M. K. Impaired hand function and its association with self-perceived hand functional ability and quality of life in Parkinson disease. Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 101, 843\u2013849. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001923 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil"},{"key":"52545_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M146","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/58.2.M146","volume":"58","author":"E Carmeli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Carmeli, E., Patish, H. & Coleman, R. The aging hand. J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 58, M146\u2013M152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/gerona\/58.2.M146 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"52545_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/72.5.373","volume":"72","author":"ME Hackel","year":"1992","unstructured":"Hackel, M. E., Wolfe, G. A., Bang, S. M. & Canfield, J. S. Changes in hand function in the aging adult as determined by the Jebsen test of hand function. Phys. Ther. 72, 373\u2013377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/72.5.373 (1992).","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"52545_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0177845","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177845","volume":"12","author":"A Sebastjan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sebastjan, A., Skrzek, A., Ignasiak, Z. & S\u0142awi\u0144ska, T. Age-related changes in hand dominance and functional asymmetry in older adults. PLoS One. 12, e0177845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0177845 (2017).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"52545_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.544","volume":"5","author":"MA Cervera","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cervera, M. A. et al. Brain\u2013computer interfaces for post-stroke motor rehabilitation: a meta-analysis. Ann. Clin. Transl Neurol. 5, 651\u2013663. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/acn3.544 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Clin. Transl Neurol."},{"key":"52545_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.12786\/bn.2024.17.e19","volume":"17","author":"H Choi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Choi, H. & Kim, H. J. The effect of constraint-induced movement therapy on arm function and activities of daily living in post-stroke patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Neurorehabil. 17, e19. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12786\/bn.2024.17.e19 (2024).","journal-title":"Brain Neurorehabil"},{"key":"52545_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.12.013","volume":"105","author":"L Valenzuela-L\u00f3pez","year":"2024","unstructured":"Valenzuela-L\u00f3pez, L., Moreno-Verd\u00fa, M., Cuenca-Zald\u00edvar, J. N. & Romero, J. P. Effects of hand motor interventions on cognitive outcomes post-stroke: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 105, 1770\u20131783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apmr.2023.12.013 (2024).","journal-title":"Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil"},{"key":"52545_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.034218","volume":"53","author":"M O\u2019Donoghue","year":"2022","unstructured":"O\u2019Donoghue, M. et al. Rehabilitation of cognitive deficits poststroke: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Stroke 53, 1700\u20131710. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.121.034218 (2022).","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"52545_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy018","volume":"98","author":"LA Connell","year":"2018","unstructured":"Connell, L. A., Klassen, T. K., Janssen, J., Thetford, C. & Eng, J. J. Delivering intensive rehabilitation in stroke: factors influencing implementation. Phys. Ther. 98, 243\u2013250. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzy018 (2018).","journal-title":"Phys. Ther."},{"key":"52545_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1177\/15459683124460","volume":"26","author":"N Smania","year":"2012","unstructured":"Smania, N. et al. Reduced-intensity modified constraint-induced movement therapy versus conventional therapy for upper extremity rehabilitation after stroke: a multicenter trial. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 26, 1035\u20131045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/15459683124460 (2012).","journal-title":"Neurorehabil Neural Repair."},{"key":"52545_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-02206-9","author":"C Prahm","year":"2025","unstructured":"Prahm, C. et al. Immersive virtual reality for functional hand and finger rehabilitation: results from a randomized controlled trial in 150 patients after traumatic hand injuries. npj Digit. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-025-02206-9 (2025).","journal-title":"npj Digit. Med."},{"key":"52545_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6119","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1957027","volume":"44","author":"GJ Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, G. J., Parnandi, A., Eva, S. & Schambra, H. The use of wearable sensors to assess and treat the upper extremity after stroke: a scoping review. Disabil. Rehabil. 44, 6119\u20136138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/09638288.2021.1957027 (2022).","journal-title":"Disabil. Rehabil"},{"key":"52545_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao, W. On automatic assessment of rehabilitation exercises with realtime feedback. In IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (EIT) 376\u2013381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/EIT.2016.7535269 (2016).","DOI":"10.1109\/EIT.2016.7535269"},{"key":"52545_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhao, Z. et al. The review of research on wearable hand rehabilitation robots. In 2022 7th International Conference on Automation, Control and Robotics Engineering (CACRE) 32\u201337 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/CACRE54574.2022.9834201","DOI":"10.1109\/CACRE54574.2022.9834201"},{"key":"52545_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3735","DOI":"10.3390\/s20133735","volume":"20","author":"R Ketola","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ketola, R., Mishra, V. & Kiourti, A. Modeling fabric movement for future e-textile sensors. Sensors 20, 3735. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20133735 (2020).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"52545_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mersch, J., Probst, H., Nocke, A., Cherif, C. & Gerlach, G. Non-monotonic sensor behavior of carbon particle-filled textile strain sensors. Eng. Proc. 6, 13 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/I3S2021Dresden-10140"},{"key":"52545_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1152","DOI":"10.1007\/s42765-024-00405-9","volume":"6","author":"C Fan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fan, C., Liu, Y. & Zhang, Y. A universal, highly sensitive and seamlessly integratable textile resistive strain sensor. Adv. Fiber Mater. 6, 1152\u20131161 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Fiber Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Petz, P., Eibensteiner, F. & Langer, J. Reliability of conductive textile sensors exposed to ageing and prolonged use. In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Flexible and Printable Sensors and Systems (FLEPS), 1\u20134; (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/FLEPS53764.2022.9781567","DOI":"10.1109\/FLEPS53764.2022.9781567"},{"key":"52545_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3936","DOI":"10.3390\/polym15193936","volume":"15","author":"MN Warncke","year":"2023","unstructured":"Warncke, M. N. et al. Advancing smart textiles: structural evolution of knitted piezoresistive strain sensors for enabling precise motion capture. Polymers 15, 3936. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/polym15193936 (2023).","journal-title":"Polymers"},{"key":"52545_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703034","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201703034","volume":"14","author":"JS Heo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Heo, J. S., Eom, J., Kim, Y. H. & Park, S. K. Recent progress of textile-based wearable electronics: a comprehensive review of materials, devices, and applications. Small 14, 1703034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.201703034 (2018).","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"52545_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3530","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17301-6","volume":"11","author":"C Tan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tan, C. et al. A high performance wearable strain sensor with advanced thermal management for motion monitoring. Nat. Commun. 11, 3530. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-17301-6 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"52545_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201504755","volume":"26","author":"M Amjadi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Amjadi, M., Kyung, K. U., Park, I. & Sitti, M. Stretchable, skin-mountable, and wearable strain sensors and their potential applications: a review. Adv. Funct. Mater. 26, 1678\u20131698. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.201504755 (2016).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2007495","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202007495","volume":"31","author":"S Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, S. et al. Wearable stretchable dry and self-adhesive strain sensors with conformal contact to skin for high-quality motion monitoring. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31, 2007495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.202007495 (2021).","journal-title":"Adv. Funct. Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5310","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201400633","volume":"26","author":"W Zeng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zeng, W. et al. Fiber-based wearable electronics: a review of materials, fabrication, devices, and applications. Adv. Mater. 26, 5310\u20135336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201400633 (2014).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1007\/s42765-023-00338-9","volume":"6","author":"S Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu, S. et al. Fabrication techniques and sensing mechanisms of textile-based strain sensors: from spatial 1D and 2D perspectives. Adv. Fiber Mater. 6, 36\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s42765-023-00338-9 (2024).","journal-title":"Adv. Fiber Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41528-024-00315-1","volume":"8","author":"C Tang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tang, C. et al. Ultrasensitive textile strain sensors redefine wearable silent speech interfaces with high machine learning efficiency. npj Flex. Electron. 8, 27. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41528-024-00315-1 (2024).","journal-title":"npj Flex. Electron."},{"key":"52545_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/eem2.12041","volume":"3","author":"J Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, J., Lu, C. & Zhang, K. Textile-based strain sensor for human motion detection. Energy Environ. Mater. 3, 80\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eem2.12041 (2020).","journal-title":"Energy Environ. Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7688","DOI":"10.3390\/s22197688","volume":"22","author":"B Bozali","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bozali, B., Ghodrat, S., Plaude, L., van Dam, J. J. & Jansen, K. M. Development of low hysteresis, linear weft-knitted strain sensors for smart textile applications. Sensors 22, 7688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22197688 (2022).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"52545_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.3390\/textiles2010005","volume":"2","author":"F Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang, F., Hu, J. & Yan, X. Review of fiber- or yarn-based wearable resistive strain sensors: structural design, fabrication technologies and applications. Textiles 2, 81\u2013111. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/textiles2010005 (2022).","journal-title":"Textiles"},{"key":"52545_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7236","DOI":"10.3390\/s20247236","volume":"20","author":"KM Jansen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jansen, K. M. Performance evaluation of knitted and stitched textile strain sensors. Sensors 20, 7236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20247236 (2020).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"52545_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.3390\/nano12122039","volume":"12","author":"M Shak Sadi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Shak Sadi, M. & Kumpikait\u0117, E. Advances in the robustness of wearable electronic textiles: strategies, stability, washability and perspective. Nanomaterials 12, 2039. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nano12122039 (2022).","journal-title":"Nanomaterials"},{"key":"52545_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6864S","DOI":"10.1177\/1528083720937289","volume":"51","author":"Y Zheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zheng, Y. et al. Performance evaluation of conductive tracks in fabricating e-textiles by lock-stitch embroidery. J. Ind. Text. 51, 6864S\u20136883S. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1528083720937289 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Ind. Text."},{"key":"52545_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.07.015","volume":"59","author":"F Alshabouna","year":"2022","unstructured":"Alshabouna, F. et al. PEDOT: PSS-modified cotton conductive thread for mass manufacturing of textile-based electrical wearable sensors by computerized embroidery. Mater. Today. 59, 56\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mattod.2022.07.015 (2022).","journal-title":"Mater. Today"},{"key":"52545_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tahir, H. R., Malengier, B., Tseghai, G. B. & Van Langenhove, L. Sensing of body movement by stretchable triboelectric embroidery aimed at healthcare and sports activity monitoring. Eng. Proc 15, 4. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/engproc2022015004 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/engproc2022015004"},{"key":"52545_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1007\/s40846-018-0434-6","volume":"39","author":"BS Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin, B. S., Lee, I. J., Chiang, P. Y., Huang, S. Y. & Peng, C. W. A modular data glove system for finger and hand motion capture based on inertial sensors. J. Med. Biol. Eng. 39, 532\u2013540. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40846-018-0434-6 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Med. Biol. Eng."},{"key":"52545_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Simone, L. K., Elovic, E., Kalambur, U. & Kamper, D. G. A low cost method to measure finger flexion in individuals with reduced hand and finger range of motion. In 26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS) 4791\u20134794 (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/IEMBS.2004.1404326","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2004.1404326"},{"key":"52545_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-2-5","volume":"2","author":"LK Simone","year":"2005","unstructured":"Simone, L. K. & Kamper, D. G. Design considerations for a wearable monitor to measure finger posture. J. Neuroeng Rehabil. 2, 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-0003-2-5 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng Rehabil"},{"key":"52545_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1109\/THMS.2015.2470657","volume":"46","author":"T Feix","year":"2015","unstructured":"Feix, T., Romero, J., Schmiedmayer, H. B., Dollar, A. M. & Kragic, D. The grasp taxonomy of human grasp types. IEEE Trans. Hum. Mach. Syst. 46, 66\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/THMS.2015.2470657 (2015).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Hum. Mach. Syst."},{"key":"52545_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2013.00023","volume":"7","author":"M Santello","year":"2013","unstructured":"Santello, M., Baud-Bovy, G. & J\u00f6rntell, H. Neural bases of hand synergies. Front. Comput. Neurosci. 7, 23. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncom.2013.00023 (2013).","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"52545_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2383","DOI":"10.3390\/s20082383","volume":"20","author":"CC Vu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vu, C. C. & Kim, J. Highly sensitive e-textile strain sensors enhanced by geometrical treatment for human monitoring. Sensors 20, 2383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s20082383 (2020).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"52545_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.3390\/s21030949","volume":"21","author":"SY Park","year":"2021","unstructured":"Park, S. Y. & Lee, J. H. Machine embroidered sensors for limb joint movement-monitoring smart clothing. Sensors 21, 949. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21030949 (2021).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"52545_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.3390\/s23031503","volume":"23","author":"JG Colli Alfaro","year":"2023","unstructured":"Colli Alfaro, J. G. & Trejos, A. L. Design and fabrication of embroidered textile strain sensors: an alternative to stitch-based strain sensors. Sensors 23, 1503. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s23031503 (2023).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"key":"52545_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7685","DOI":"10.1007\/s12206-025-1128-y","volume":"39","author":"GT Nguyen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nguyen, G. T., Lee, J., Jung, S. & Choi, S. T. Wearable suit for comfortable long-term human motion tracking using low-hysteresis embroidered stretch sensors. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 39, 7685\u20137695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12206-025-1128-y (2025).","journal-title":"J. Mech. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"52545_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.14695\/KJSOS.2025.28.2.15","volume":"28","author":"MJ Choi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Choi, M. J. & Lee, J. H. Exploration of structural design effects on the performance of embroidered strain sensors. Sci. Emot. Sensibility. 28, 15\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14695\/KJSOS.2025.28.2.15 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Emot. Sensibility"},{"key":"52545_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109355","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202109355","volume":"34","author":"K Dong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dong, K. et al. Advances in high-performance autonomous energy and self-powered sensing textiles with novel 3D fabric structures. Adv. Mater. 34, 2109355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.202109355 (2022).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"52545_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125022","DOI":"10.1088\/0964-1726\/24\/12\/125022","volume":"24","author":"J Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li, J. & Xu, B. Novel highly sensitive and wearable pressure sensors from conductive three-dimensional fabric structures. Smart Mater. Struct. 24, 125022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0964-1726\/24\/12\/125022 (2015).","journal-title":"Smart Mater. Struct."},{"key":"52545_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1177\/0040517520915846","volume":"90","author":"JH Yang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yang, J. H. et al. Sensing efficiency of three-dimensional textile sensors with an open-and-close structure for respiration rate detection. Text. Res. J. 90, 2258\u20132274. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0040517520915846 (2020).","journal-title":"Text. Res. J."},{"key":"52545_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cochrane, C. & Cayla, A. Polymer-based resistive sensors for smart textiles. In Multidisciplinary Know-How for Smart-Textiles Developers (ed. Kirstein, T.) 132\u2013133 (Elsevier, 2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1533\/9780857093530.1.129","DOI":"10.1533\/9780857093530.1.129"},{"key":"52545_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2000039","DOI":"10.1002\/aisy.202000039","volume":"2","author":"H Souri","year":"2020","unstructured":"Souri, H. et al. Wearable and stretchable strain sensors: materials, sensing mechanisms, and applications. Adv. Intell. Syst. 2, 2000039. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/aisy.202000039 (2020).","journal-title":"Adv. Intell. Syst."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52545-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52545-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52545-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T13:03:27Z","timestamp":1786453407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-52545-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["52545"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-52545-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 March 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures involving human participants were approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yonsei University (IRB No. 7001988-202501-HR-2474-03). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"24891"}}