{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T19:45:00Z","timestamp":1785527100948,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779408000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":68,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Korean Medicine Development"},{"name":"Institute of Information & Communications Technology Planning & Evaluation","award":["IITP-2026-RS-2020-II201791"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IITP-2026-RS-2020-II201791"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-54209-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T18:24:45Z","timestamp":1779474285000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical outcomes associated with Korean medicine home-visit care for patients with cognitive impairment: a multi-center retrospective observational study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chan-Young","family":"Kwon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jihyeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujin","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"54209_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70268","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70268","volume":"21","author":"K Eggleston","year":"2025","unstructured":"Eggleston, K. & Kim, D. Dementia care in a rapidly aging society. Alzheimers Dement. 21, e70268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.70268 (2025).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"54209_CR2","unstructured":"Ko, I. S., Seo, J. W., Kim, M. H. & Oh, M. K. Dementia Epidemiology Survey. Sejong (KR): Ministry of Health and Welfare, National Medical Center, Central Dementia Center; 2024 Nov. (2023)."},{"key":"54209_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-04234-0","volume":"23","author":"V Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn","year":"2023","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00edn, V., de Hoyos-Alonso, M. C., Delgado-Puebla, R. & Ariza-Cardiel, G. Del Cura-Gonz\u00e1lez, I. Burden in caregivers of primary care patients with dementia: influence of neuropsychiatric symptoms according to disease stage (NeDEM project). BMC Geriatr. 23, 525. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-023-04234-0 (2023).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"54209_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1017\/s1041610212000737","volume":"24","author":"K Ornstein","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ornstein, K. & Gaugler, J. E. The problem with problem behaviors: a systematic review of the association between individual patient behavioral and psychological symptoms and caregiver depression and burden within the dementia patient-caregiver dyad. Int. Psychogeriatr. 24, 1536\u20131552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s1041610212000737 (2012).","journal-title":"Int. Psychogeriatr."},{"key":"54209_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e56878","DOI":"10.2196\/56878","volume":"8","author":"WD Dawson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dawson, W. D., Mattek, N., Gothard, S., Kaye, J. & Lindauer, A. Ascertaining Out-of-Pocket Costs of Dementia Care: Feasibility Study of a Web-Based Weekly Survey. JMIR Form. Res. 8, e56878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/56878 (2024).","journal-title":"JMIR Form. Res."},{"key":"54209_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.16881\/jss.2025.01.36.1.187","volume":"36","author":"NL Aran Park","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aran Park, N. L. & Noh, Y. A Study on Caring Murder Cases in Elderly People with Dementia: An Analysis of Newspaper Articles from 1995 to 2024. J. Soc. Sci. 36, 187\u2013206 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Soc. Sci."},{"key":"54209_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.5124\/jkma.2018.61.5.298","volume":"61","author":"DW Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee, D. W. & Seong, S. J. Korean national dementia plans: from 1st to 3rd. J. Korean Med. Assoc. 61, 298\u2013303 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Assoc."},{"key":"54209_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70271","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70271","volume":"21","author":"S Kim","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kim, S. & Yoo, J. Association of health-care and long-term care resources for patients with dementia with institutionalization and death: Evidence from South Korea. Alzheimers Dement. 21, e70271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.70271 (2025).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"54209_CR9","first-page":"47","volume":"30","author":"CY Kwon","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kwon, C. Y., Lee, B., Chung, S. Y. & Kim, J. W. Results of the Korean Medicine Visiting Care Service for Solitary Elderly in a Public Health Center. J. Orient. Neuropsychiatry. 30, 47\u201358 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Orient. Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"54209_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kwon, C. Y. & Lee, B. Acupuncture for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J. Clin. Med. 10 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10143087 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10143087"},{"key":"54209_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713287","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.713287","volume":"12","author":"CY Kwon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kwon, C. Y. & Lee, B. Herbal Medicine for Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front. Pharmacol. 12, 713287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphar.2021.713287 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"54209_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-023-00707-x","volume":"18","author":"Z Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. et al. The neuroprotective and neural circuit mechanisms of acupoint stimulation for cognitive impairment. Chin. Med. 18, 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13020-023-00707-x (2023).","journal-title":"Chin. Med."},{"key":"54209_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","volume":"335","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm, E. et al. Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. BMJ 335, 806\u2013808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD (2007).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"54209_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"World Medical Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Medical Association. Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA 310, 2191\u20132194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.281053 (2013).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"54209_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.04.005","volume":"7","author":"GA Marshall","year":"2011","unstructured":"Marshall, G. A. et al. Executive function and instrumental activities of daily living in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 7, 300\u2013308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.04.005 (2011).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"54209_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.139.9.1136","volume":"139","author":"B Reisberg","year":"1982","unstructured":"Reisberg, B., Ferris, S. H., de Leon, M. J. & Crook, T. The Global Deterioration Scale for assessment of primary degenerative dementia. Am. J. Psychiatry. 139, 1136\u20131139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/ajp.139.9.1136 (1982).","journal-title":"Am. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"54209_CR17","first-page":"80","volume":"15","author":"CW Won","year":"2011","unstructured":"Won, C. W. et al. Development of Global Deterioration Scale Staging Algorithm. Ann. Geriatr. Med. Res. 15, 80\u201389 (2011).","journal-title":"Ann. Geriatr. Med. Res."},{"key":"54209_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1159\/000341582","volume":"34","author":"M Mosele","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mosele, M. et al. Psychometric properties of the pain assessment in advanced dementia scale compared to self assessment of pain in elderly patients. Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord. 34, 38\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000341582 (2012).","journal-title":"Dement. Geriatr. Cogn. Disord"},{"key":"54209_CR19","first-page":"28","volume":"4","author":"J Busner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Busner, J. & Targum, S. D. The clinical global impressions scale: applying a research tool in clinical practice. Psychiatry (Edgmont). 4, 28\u201337 (2007).","journal-title":"Psychiatry (Edgmont)"},{"key":"54209_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2010.7.2.102","volume":"7","author":"TH Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim, T. H. et al. Korean version of mini mental status examination for dementia screening and its\u2019 short form. Psychiatry Investig. 7, 102\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4306\/pi.2010.7.2.102 (2010).","journal-title":"Psychiatry Investig"},{"key":"54209_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.12779\/dnd.2018.17.3.100","volume":"17","author":"S Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, S., Jahng, S., Yu, K. H., Lee, B. C. & Kang, Y. Usefulness of the Clock Drawing Test as a Cognitive Screening Instrument for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Dementia: an Evaluation Using Three Scoring Systems. Dement. Neurocogn Disord. 17, 100\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.12779\/dnd.2018.17.3.100 (2018).","journal-title":"Dement. Neurocogn Disord"},{"key":"54209_CR22","first-page":"107","volume":"36","author":"K Joo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Joo, K. & Youn, J. The Validation Study of the Korean Version of de Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale for the Elderly. Korean J. Couns. Psychother. 36, 107\u2013124 (2024).","journal-title":"Korean J. Couns. Psychother."},{"key":"54209_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/089198879100400310","volume":"4","author":"WJ Burke","year":"1991","unstructured":"Burke, W. J., Roccaforte, W. H. & Wengel, S. P. The short form of the Geriatric Depression Scale: a comparison with the 30-item form. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 4, 173\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/089198879100400310 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol."},{"key":"54209_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988719882102","volume":"33","author":"J Cummings","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cummings, J. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Development and Applications. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 33, 73\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0891988719882102 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol."},{"key":"54209_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/41.5.652","volume":"41","author":"M B\u00e9dard","year":"2001","unstructured":"B\u00e9dard, M. et al. The Zarit Burden Interview: a new short version and screening version. Gerontologist 41, 652\u2013657. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/geront\/41.5.652 (2001).","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"54209_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.2307\/2290157","volume":"83","author":"JAL Roderick","year":"1988","unstructured":"Roderick, J. A. L. A Test of Missing Completely at Random for Multivariate Data with Missing Values. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 83, 1198\u20131202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2290157 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"54209_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.4103\/aca.ACA_248_18","volume":"22","author":"P Mishra","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mishra, P., Pandey, C. M., Singh, U., Keshri, A. & Sabaretnam, M. Selection of appropriate statistical methods for data analysis. Ann. Card Anaesth. 22, 297\u2013301. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/aca.ACA_248_18 (2019).","journal-title":"Ann. Card Anaesth."},{"key":"54209_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-025-05719-w","volume":"25","author":"T Shi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Shi, T. et al. Association between pain and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in older adults with dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr. 25, 100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12877-025-05719-w (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"54209_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212508","DOI":"10.7573\/dic.212508","volume":"6","author":"RR Tampi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tampi, R. R., Hassell, C., Joshi, P. & Tampi, D. J. Analgesics in the management of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: a perspective review. Drugs Context. 6, 212508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7573\/dic.212508 (2017).","journal-title":"Drugs Context"},{"key":"54209_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.2147\/ndt.S42209","volume":"9","author":"Y Kato","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kato, Y. et al. Diagnostic performance of a combination of Mini-Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test in detecting Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 9, 581\u2013586. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ndt.S42209 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis. Treat."},{"key":"54209_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181d5745d","volume":"18","author":"S Mohamed","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mohamed, S., Rosenheck, R., Lyketsos, C. G. & Schneider, L. S. Caregiver burden in Alzheimer disease: cross-sectional and longitudinal patient correlates. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry. 18, 917\u2013927. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JGP.0b013e3181d5745d (2010).","journal-title":"Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry"},{"key":"54209_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1380002","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2024.1380002","volume":"18","author":"BS Oken","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oken, B. S., Kaplan, J., Klee, D. & Gallegos, A. M. Contributions of loneliness to cognitive impairment and dementia in older adults are independent of other risk factors and Alzheimer\u2019s pathology: a narrative review. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 18, 1380002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2024.1380002 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"key":"54209_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-06283-9","volume":"13","author":"HK Pai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pai, H. K. & Yu, R. L. Decoding apathy in the middle-aged and older adults: the indirect effect of loneliness and the moderating effect of cognitive function on resilience. Humanit. Social Sci. Commun. 13, 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1057\/s41599-025-06283-9 (2025).","journal-title":"Humanit. Social Sci. Commun."},{"key":"54209_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-025-02836-8","volume":"26","author":"L Zhao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhao, L. et al. The health care needs of multidimensional frail elderly patients with multimorbidity in primary health-care settings: a qualitative study. BMC Prim. Care. 26, 128. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12875-025-02836-8 (2025).","journal-title":"BMC Prim. Care"},{"key":"54209_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4676","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.16112","volume":"80","author":"K Barsan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Barsan, K. et al. Remote visits to address loneliness for people living with dementia in care homes: A descriptive qualitative study of visitors\u2019 perceptions. J. Adv. Nurs. 80, 4676\u20134688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jan.16112 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Adv. Nurs."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-54209-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-54209-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-54209-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:08:46Z","timestamp":1785521326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-54209-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["54209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-54209-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 February 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"23498"}}