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Coordination compounds offer a unique advantage by combining ligand bioactivity with metal-centered redox potential. A novel tetradentate N\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Schiff base ligand (H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    L) was synthesized via the condensation of 2,6-diaminopyridine and 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde. Its coordination potential was explored through the synthesis of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II), and UO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (II) complexes. Comprehensive characterization was performed using spectroscopic (FT-IR, NMR, UV\u2013Vis) and physicochemical techniques. Biological efficacy was quantified through antimicrobial (MIC\/MMC), antibiofilm, and DPPH radical scavenging assays, supplemented by enzymatic (POX\/CAT) profiling. Molecular docking studies using MOE 2019 targeted essential proteins from\n                    <jats:italic>B. cereus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>S. typhi<\/jats:italic>\n                    (PDB: 1FEZ, 3Q8U, 3T88, and 6J90). Structural analysis confirmed the tetradentate dibasic nature of H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    L. Metal complexation significantly enhanced biological potency; the UO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (II) and Cu(II) complexes exhibited superior antimicrobial effects, while the Mn(II) complex demonstrated the highest antioxidant potential (78.1% inhibition; IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200964.10 \u00b5g\/mL), acting as a functional SOD-mimic. Biofilm formation in\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus, B. cereus,<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    was suppressed by up to 50% at 100 \u00b5g\/mL of ligand and its complexes. Computational analysis revealed that Co(II) and UO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (II) complexes achieved the most favorable binding affinities, stabilized by hydrogen bonding and \u03c0-cation interactions. These findings suggest that these complexes represent promising scaffolds for next-generation antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, with significant potential for therapeutic application in disrupting microbial redox homeostasis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-54902-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T14:24:33Z","timestamp":1780669473000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant activities and molecular docking of Schiff base and its complexes of Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Mn(II) and UO2(II)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Reham H.","family":"Wahba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsayed M.","family":"AbouElleef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. 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